Strukturalne zmiany obszarow wiejskich w krajach Wspolnoty Europejskiej

• Autorzy: Adamowicz M
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Zmiany strukturalne na obszarach wiejskich analizowane z uwzględnieniem trzech stref - zurbanizowanej, typowo wiejskiej i peryferyjnej. Analiza obejmuje zmianę struktury funkcjonalnej wsi, tendencje zmian demograficznych i społecznych, rozbudowę gospodarki nierolniczej na wsi oraz reformę wspólnej polityki rolnej wobec obszarów wiejskich w krajach Wspólnoty Europejskiej.

EN

The author presents the changes in the economic structure of rural areas in West-Europe, mainly in the countries of the European Community. The analysis concerns three main types of rural areas, namely: urbanized zones, typical agricultural zones, as well as peripheral and discriminated zones. These zones differ one from another, according to the degree of their functional differentiation and according to the intensity of their economic development, the latter being connected, in the first line, with enlargement of the rural labour market and with consolidation of non-agricultural functions in scope of both production and services. The development and differentiation of farms contributed, in the seventies and eighties, to the restraint of migration movements and even, in some periods, to a temporary inversion of their trend. Despite a low birth-rate in some countries, the growth of population in the countryside was observed. However, in the eighties this growth showed a certain reduction. The changes in the countryside were accompanied by the trends towards decentralization of decision-making in the problems of rural areas. The development of non-agricultural activities in the countryside consisted, in the first line, in foundation of small and mean-sized enterprises dealing with production or services, intended mainly for regional markets, in development of rest-houses and housing for rural population and in enlargement of transport and communication network. An increasing comprehension of the role of rural environment and of its ecological and cultural values was observed. The reform of a common agrarian policy undertaken in that time comprizes various aspects of the countryside development. Apart from a new organization of agricultural markets, some financial means have been provided for intensified environmental protection, afforestation of land and for the system of granting early pensions. In this new phase of the agrarian policy concerning the structural problems, a concentration of means for low developed regions has been provided, accompanied by active co-operation of local societies. The present changes in the agrarian policy tend towards creation of two sectors in agriculture - an effective directed to the market and a social one.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Wspolnota Europejska; struktura funkcjonalna; obszary wiejskie; wies; zmiany strukturalne; zmiany spoleczne; zmiany demograficzne; polityka rolna

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Człowiek i Środowisko
• Rocznik: 1994
• Tom: 18
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: s.5-20,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Adamowicz M

• Szkola Glowna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, 02-766 Warszawa, ul. Nowoursynowska 166

Bibliografia

• Adamowicz M. 1990 Interwencjonizm a tendencje liberalne w polityce rolnej. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. IV, Warszawa: SGGW
• Adamowicz M. 1991 Wspólna polityka rolna EWG. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. V, Warszawa: SGGW
• Agra Europe 1992 Text of CAP Reform Document, No 1492, May 22, London
• Bontrong J.G. 1985 Population et cspeacc rural vers une nuvelle dynamique, in: La ruralite a L'horizon 2000. Special issue of POUR, June 1985
• Britton S. Agriculture in Britain. Changing Pressures and Policies. CAB International
• Commision of the European Communities 1985a Perspectives for the Common Agricultural Policy, COM (85) 333,15 July Brussels
• Commision of the European Communities 1985b A future for Community Agriculture, COM (85) 750 Brussels
• Commision of the European Communities 1988 The future of rural society, COM (88) 501, Brussels
• Commision of the European Communities 1991a The Development and future of the CAP leflections paper of the Commision, COM (91) 100 Brussels
• Commision of the European Communities 1991b The development and future of the Common Agricultural Policy: follow-up to the Reflections Paper - proposals of the Commision, COM (91) 258, Brussels
• Council of Europe 1986 The future of the rural community in Europe, EOC-CR/86, Strasburg
• Fennal R. 1993 The economic outlook for European Community Agriculture. Agra-European Agricultural Outlook Conference, London 24-25 February
• Gardner B. 1993 The political Outlook for European Community Agriculture. Agra-Europe European Agricultural Outlook Conference. London 24-25 February
• Kostrowicki J. 1976 Obszary wiejskie jako przestrzeń wielofunkcyjna. Przegląd Geograficzny 4
• Thomson Kenneth J. 1992 The EC s Common Agricultural Policy after Reform and the Urugway Round, and the Implications for Poland. Paper at the Seminar on Experiences and Perspectives of Intervention in Agriculture in Poland. Warszaaw, 8 December 1992