Wplyw struktury agregatowej gleb mineralnych na ich hydrofizyczne charakterystyki [badania modelowe]

• Autorzy: Witkowska-Walczak B

Warianty tytułu

EN

The impact of aggregate structure of mineral soils on their hydrophysical characteristics (model investigation)

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W niniejszej rozprawie przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu struktury agregatowej gleb mineralnych na ich hydrofizyczne charakterystyki tj. zdolność do retencjonowania wody i współczynniki przenoszenia wody w strefie nasyconej i nienasyconej. Podjęte badania obejmowały zarówno problemu natury metodologicznej, jak i modelowe badania podstawowe oraz modelowanie, nie tylko w aspekcie określenia optymalnej agregacji gleby pod kątem uprawy i pionowania roślin, lecz także możliwości regulowania składowych bilansu wodnego gleby tj. retencji i parowania oraz czynników bezpośrednio na nie wpływających, tj. warunków determinujących ruch wody w glebie. Były to badania modelowe agregatów różnych wymiarów wyodrębnionych z warstwy ornej ośmiu gleb (bielicowe, brunatne, płowe i czarnoziemy) Lubelszczyzny. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że badania charakterystyk hydrofizycznych gleb o strukturze agregatowej powinny być przeprowadzane na specjalnie w tym celu przygotowanym materiale glebowym, a parametry struktury agregatowej gleb determinują ich właściwości wodne następująco: wzrost wielkości agregatów glebowych powoduje spadek ich wodoodporności; wielkość agregatów glebowych różnicuje ilość wody zatrzymywanej w glebie, szczególnie w zakresie potencjałów odpowiadających pF 0 - pF 2,2; wzrost wielkości agregatów glebowych powodował wzrost wartości współczynników przewodnictwa wodnego w strefie nasyconej o dwa rzędy wielkości; wzrost wielkości agregatów glebowych powodował spadek wartości współczynników przewodnictwa wodnego w strefie nienasyconej o pięć rzędów wielkości; wprowadzenie do modelu predykcji krzywych retencji wody jako danych wejściowych parametrów dotyczących struktury agregatowej gleb bardzo wyraźnie poprawiło dokładność jego oszacowań w zakresie niskich potencjałów wody glebowej. Z powyższego wynika, że znajomość relacji pomiędzy agregacją gleb a ich hydrofizycznymi charakterystykami może być przydatna w wyborze rodzaju zabiegów agrotechnicznych w celu kształtowania właściwości wodnych gleb.

EN

This dissertation presents the results of the investigation of the impact of aggregate structure of mineral soil on their hydrophysical characteristics, i.e. water retaining capacity and coefficients of water transfer in saturated and unsaturated zones. Undertaken investigations comprised problems of methodological nature as well as fundamental model investigations and modelling, not only in the aspect of determination of optimum soil aggregation from the point of wiev of crop growning and yield, but also possibility of regulation the components of soil water balance, i.e. retention and evaporation and the factors directly influencing them, like conditions determining water movement in the soil. These were model investigations of the aggregates of different sizes selected from the arable layer of eight soils (podzols, brown soils, grey-brown podzolics, chernozems) from Lublin region.Obtained results indicated That the investigation of hydrophysical characteristics of soils with aggregate structure should be performed on specially prepared soil material, and the parameters of soil aggregate structure determine their soil water properties in the following way:increase of soil aggregate sizes results in the decrease of their water resistance; size of soil aggregates differentiates water amount retained in the soil, especially in the range of soil water potentials referring to pF 0 - pF 2,2; increase of soil aggregate sizes caused the increase of the coefficients of water conductivity in saturated zone by two orders; increase of soil aggregate sizes caused the decrease of soil water conductivity coefficients in unsaturated zone by five orders; including the parameters of aggregate soil structure, as input data, into the model of soil water retention curves prediction, predominantly improved the accuracy of their estimation in the range of low soil water potentials. It results from the above, that the knowledge of relation between aggregation of soils and their hydrophysical characteristics can be useful for choosing the type agrotechnical treatments for forming soil water properties.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

gleby; gleby mineralne; wilgotnosc gleby; retencja wodna; struktura gleb; agregaty glebowe; bilans wodny; potencjal wodny; wlasciwosci hydrofizyczne

EN

soil; mineral soil; soil moisture; water retention; soil structure; soil aggregate; water balance; water potential; hydrophysical property

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Agrophysica
• Rocznik: 2000
• Tom: 30
• Opis fizyczny: s.1-96,rys.,tab.,wykr.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Witkowska-Walczak B

• Instytut Agrofizyki PAN, Lublin

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