Zinc and cadmium accumulation in maize [Zea mays L.] and the concentration of mobile forms of these metals in soil after application of farmyard manure and sewage sludge

• Autorzy: Gondek K

Warianty tytułu

PL

Akumulacja cynku i kadmu w kukurydzy [Zea mays L.] oraz zawartosc mobilnych form tych pierwiastkow w glebie po zastosowaniu obornika i osadow sciekowych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The total content of heavy metals in soil does not indicate bioavailability of these elements after introduction of sewage sludge to soil. Determination of the rate of heavy metal mobilization from sewage sludge after its application to soil is very important for agricultural practice since it allows us to asses the rate at which these elements pass into the soil solution, which conditions their uptake by plants. This research has been conducted to assess the effect of farmyard manure and sewage sludge fertilization on the amounts of zinc and cadmium absorbed by maize and the content of their mobile forms in soil. The research consisted of a three-year pot experiment. Farmyard manure and sewage sludge fertilization resulted in larger total yields of maize biomass (for the 3-year period of the investigations) than harvested from the treatments where only mineral compounds were used as fertilizers. Irrespectively of the fertilizer dose, the total (for 3 years) amounts of zinc and cadmium absorbed by maize were the highest in the treatments where only mineral salts were added and Zn and Cd quantities taken up by maize in the first year of the experiment contributed to this result. Fertilization with farmyard manure and sewage sludge did not cause any significant mobilization of mobile zinc and cadmium forms in soil after the first year of the research. As a result of organic matter mineralization and progressing soil acidification, in the second and third year of the research, the content of mobile forms of the elements in soil increased, although to a lesser degree than under the influence of exclusively mineral treatment.

PL

Kryterium ogólnej zawartości metali ciężkich nie ujmuje ich biologicznej przyswajalności po wprowadzeniu osadu ściekowego do gleby. Określenie tempa uruchamiania metali ciężkich z osadów ściekowych po ich wprowadzeniu do gleby jest bardzo ważne dla praktyki rolniczej, pozawala bowiem ocenić szybkość przechodzenia tych pierwiastków do roztworu glebowego, co warunkuje ich pobranie przez rośliny. Celem badań była ocena wpływu nawożenia obornikiem i osadami ściekowymi na pobranie cynku i kadmu przez kukurydzę oraz zawartość mobilnych form tych pierwiastków w glebie. Badania prowadzono w 3-letnim okresie w warunkach doświadczenia wazonowego. W wyniku nawożenia obornikiem i osadami ściekowymi osiągnięto większe sumaryczne plony biomasy kukurydzy (w 3-letnim okresie badań) w porównaniu z zebranymi w obiektach, w których zastosowano wyłącznie nawożenie mineralne. Sumaryczne (z 3 lat) pobranie cynku i kadmu przez kukurydzę, niezależnie od dawki nawożenia, było największe w obiektach, w których zastosowano wyłącznie sole mineralne, do czego przyczyniły się ilości Zn i Cd pobrane przez kukurydzę w pierwszym roku badań. Nawożenie obornikiem i osadami ściekowymi nie spowodowało istotnego uruchomienia mobilnych form cynku i kadmu w glebie po pierwszym roku badań. W wyniku mineralizacji materiałów organicznych oraz postępującego zakwaszenia gleb w drugim i trzecim roku badań, zawartość mobilnych form badanych pierwiastków w glebie się zwiększyła, chociaż w mniejszym stopniu niż pod wpływem wyłącznego nawożenia mineralnego.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

zinc accumulation; cadmium accumulation; maize; Zea mays; mobile form; concentration; soil; farmyard manure; sewage sludge

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 15
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.639-652,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Gondek K

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

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