Non-chemical methods for controlling seedborne fungi in carrot with special reference to Alternaria radicina

• Autorzy: Szopinska D , Jensen B. , Knudsen I.M.B. , Tylkowska K. , Dorna H.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Niechemiczne metody zwalczania grzybow zasiedlajacych nasiona marchwi ze szczegolnym uwzglednieniem Alternaria radicina

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The objective of the work was to study the efficacy of carrot seed treatment with antagonistic microorganisms Clonostachys rosea, C. solani, and grapefruit extract (Biosept 33 SL™). Seeds were artificially inoculated with Alternaria radicina spores prior to treatment. The presence of fungi, seed germination and vigour were determined in laboratory tests, whereas seedling emergence and health were determined in sand and soil assays. Clonostachys spp. and grapefruit extract significantly reduced seed infestation with A. radicina and improved seed germination capacity. At a lower concentration of ioculum, treatment with Clonostachys spp. increased percentage of healthy plants in sand assay. At a higher concentration of inoculum, treatment with Biosept 33 SL™ at 0.5% was more effective. Inoculation with pathogen and, in most cases, the following treatments, did not affect total plant emergence in a soil assay. However, pathogen affected significantly a percentage of healthy plants. Treatment with Biosept 33 SL™ at 0.5% as well as with C. rosea increased their numbers significantly at both concentrations of inoculum.

PL

Celem pracy byļo zbadanie efektywności zaprawiania mikroorganizmami antagonistycznymi Clonostachys rosea, C. solani i ekstraktem z grejpfruta (Biosept 33 SL™) nasion marchwi, sztucznie inokulowanych zarodnikami grzyba Alternaria radicina. W testach laboratoryjnych oceniano zasiedlenie nasion przez grzyby, kiełkowanie i wigor, natomiast wschody siewek i ich zdrowotność badano w piasku i uniwersalnym podłożu do wysiewu nasion. Grzyby rodzaju Clonostachys, podobnie jak ekstrakt z grejpfruta, znacząco ograniczyły zasiedlenie nasion przez A. radicina i poprawiały zdolność kiełkowania nasion. Przy mniejszym stężeniu inokulum, zaprawianie nasion Clonostachys spp. zwiększało wschody i udział zdrowych roślin w piasku. Przy większym stężeniu inokulum, bardziej efektywne było zaprawianie preparatem Biosept 33 SL™ o stężeniu 0,5%. Inokulacja nasion patogenem i w większości przypadków zaprawianie, nie miały wpływu na wschody roślin w podłożu do wysiewu nasion, ale patogen wpływał istotnie na ich zdrowotność. Niezależnie od stężenia inokulum zaprawianie nasion preparatem Biosept 33 SL™ w stężeniu 0,5% oraz grzybem C. rosea, znacząco zwiększało liczbę zdrowych roślin.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

non-chemical method; biological control; carrot; seed; Alternaria radicina; seed-borne fungi; Clonostachys rosea; Clonostachys solani; grapefruit extract

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 50
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.184-192,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Szopinska D

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Baranowo, Szamotulska 28, 62-081 Przezmierowo, Poland

autor

Jensen B.

autor

Knudsen I.M.B.

autor

Tylkowska K.

autor

Dorna H.

Bibliografia

• Angioni A., Cabras P., Hallewin G. D., Pirisi F. M., Reniero F., Schirra M. 1998. Synthesis and inhibitory activity of 7-geranoxycoumarin against Penicillium species in Citrus fruit. Phytochemistry 47 (8): 1521-1525.
• Bochow H. 1992. Phytosanitary effects of Bacillus subtilis as biocontrol agent. Med. Fac. Landbouww. Univ. Gent 57/2b: 387-393.
• Chen T. W., Wu W. S. 1999. Biological control of carrot black rot. J. Phytopathol. 147: 99-104.
• Copping L. G., Menn J. J. 2000. Biopesticides: a review of their action, applications and efficacy. Pest Manage. Sci. 56: 651-676.
• Czyżewska S. 1985. Próby zaprawiania nasion marchwi. Ogrodnictwo 4: 10-14.
• Dorna H. 2007. Wybrane gatunki grzybów rodzaju Alternaria w nasionach marchwi - ich lokalizacja, toksynotwórczosc, wpļyw na wigor i kieļkowanie nasion oraz wschody. Rozpr. Nauk. AR Poznań 386, 98 pp.
• Dorna H., Tylkowska K., Szopińska D., Wasilewska D., Zieliński G. 2005. Effects of plant origin preparations on the growth of fungi isolated from seeds of selected vegetables. p. 293-299. In: "Modern Fungicides and Antifungal Compounds IV" (H. W. Dehne, U. Gisi, K. H. Kuck, P. E. Russell, H. Lyr, eds.). The British Crop Production Council, Alton, UK.
• Dorna H., Tylkowska K., Wenyan S., Szopińska D. 2004. Effects of plant origin preparations on onion (Allium cepa L.) seed health, germination, vigour and seedling emergence. Fol. Univ. Agric. Stetin. 239, Agricultura (95): 69-74.
• Hermansen A., Brodal G., Balvoll G. 1999. Hot water treatments of carrot seeds: Effects on seed-borne fungi, germination, emergence and yield. Seed Sci. Technol. 27: 599-613.
• ISTA. 2003. International Rules for Seed Testing. ISTA, Basserdorf, Switzerland.
• Jahn M., Puls A. 1998. Investigations for development of a combined biological-physical method to control soilborne and seed-borne pathogens in carrot seeds. J. Plant Dis. Protect. 105: 359-375.
• Jalink H., Van der Schoor R. 1999. SeedCalculator 2.1. Licence number: 100200122. Plant Research International, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
• Jamal E., Bochow H., Hentschel K. D. 1993. Bacillus subtilis and chemical seed dressing about equally effective in suitable environment. Gartenbau-Magazin 2: 38-39.
• Jensen B., Knudsen I. M. B., Jensen D. F. 2000. Biological seed treatment of cereals with fresh and long-term stored formulations of Clonostachys rosea: Biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium culmorum. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106: 233-242.
• Jensen B., Knudsen I. M. B., Madsen M., Jensen D. F. 2004. Biopriming of infected carrot seed with antagonist, Clonostachys rosea, selected for control of seedborne Alternaria spp. Phytopathology 94 (6): 551-560.
• Johansen A., Knudsen I. M. B., Binnerup S. J., Winding A., Johansen J. E., Jensen L. E., Andersen K. S., Svenning M. M., Bonde T. A. 2005. Non-target effects of the microbial control agents Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54 and Clonostachys rosea IK726 in soils cropped with barley followed by sugar beet: a greenhouse assessment. Soil Biol. Biochem. 37: 2225-2239.
• Karsznicka A., Grzesik M. 2001. Wpļyw kondycjonowania i antyutleniaczy na kieļkowanie nasion oraz wschody i wzrost siewek astra chińskiego (Callistephus chinensis Ness). Proceedings of the IX Scientific Horticulture Plant Breeding Symposium. 1-2 February 2001, Warsaw, Folia Hortic., Ann. 13/1A: 597-602.
• Knudsen I. M. B., Hockenhull J., Jensen D. F. 1995. Biocontrol of seedling diseases of barley and wheat caused by Fusarium culmorum and Bipolaris sorokiniana: Effects of selected fungal antagonists on growth and yield components. Plant Pathol. 44: 467-477.
• Knudsen I. M. B., Hockenhull J., Jensen D. F., Gerhardson B., Hökeberg M., Tahvonen R., Teperi E., Sundheim L., Henriksen B. 1997. Selection of biological control agents for controlling soil and seed-borne diseases in the field. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 103: 775-784.
• Krauss U., Soberanis W. 2001. Biocontrol of cocoa diseases with mycoparasite mixtures. Biol. Control 22: 149-158.
• Morandi M. A. B., Maffia L. A., Mizubuti E. S. G., Alfenas A. C., Barbosa J. G. 2003. Suppression of Botrytis cinerea sporulation by Clonostachys rosea on rose debris: a valuable component in Botrytis blight managemant in commercial greenhouses. Biol. Control 26: 311-317.
• Morandi M. A. B., Sutton J. C., Maffia L. A. 2000. Effects of host and microbbial factors on development of Clonostachys rosea and control of Botrytis cinerea in rose. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106: 439-448.
• Morita S., Azuma M., Aoba T., Satou H., Narisawa K., Hashiba T. 2003. Induced systemic resistance of Chinese cabbage to bacterial leaf spot and Alternaria leaf spot by the root endophytic fungus, Heteroconium chaetospira. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 69: 71-75.
• Nobre S. A. M., Maffia L. A., Mizubuti E. S. G., Cota L. V., Dias A. P. S. 2005. Selection of Clonostachys rosea isolates from Brazilian ecosystems effective in controlling Botrytis cinerea. Biol. Control 34: 132-143.
• Orlikowski L. B. 2001. Effect of grapefruit extract on development of Phytophthora cryptogea and control of foot rot of gerbera. J. Plant Protection Res. 41 (3): 288-294.
• Pugh G. J. F. 1973. Saprophytic fungi and seeds. p. 337-345. In: "Seed Ecology" (W. Heydecker, ed.). Butterworths, London, UK, 578 pp.
• Ravnskov S., Jensen B., Knudsen I. M. B., Bødker L., Jensen D. F., Karliński L., Larsen J. 2006. Soil inoculation with biocontrol agent Clonostachys rosea and the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices results in mutual inhibition, plant growth promotion and alteration of soil microbial communities. Soil Biol. Bioch. 38: 3453-3462.
• Sutton J. C., Liu W., Huang R., Owen-Going N. 2002. Ability of Clonostachys rosea to establisch and suppress sporulation potential of Botrytis cinerea in deleafed stems of hydroponic greenhouse tomatoes. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 12 (4): 413-425.
• Szopińska D., Dorna H., Tylkowska K. 2007. The effects of grapefruit extract on germination, vigour and health of cabbage, onion and zinnia seeds. Roczn. AR w Poznaniu CCCLXXXIII, Ogrodnictwo 41: 631-636.
• Tripathi P., Dubey N. K. 2004. Exploitation of natural products as an alternative strategy to control postharvest fungal rotting of fruit and vegetables. Postharv. Biol. Tech. 32: 235-245.
• Ton J., Van Pelt J. A., Van Loon L. C., Pieterse C. M. 2002. Differential effectiveness of salicylate-dependent and jasmonate/ ethylene-dependent induced resistance in Arabidopsis. Mol. Plant-Microbe Inter. 15: 27-34.
• Tylkowska K. 1992. Carrot seed-borne diseases caused by Alternaria species. p. 337-352. In: "Alternaria Biology, Plant Diseases and Metabolites" (J. Cheļkowski, A. Visconti, eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, London, New York, Tokyo, 573 pp.
• Van der Wolf J. M., Birnbaum Y., Van der Zouven P. S., Groot S. P. C. 2008. Desinfection of vegetable seed by treatment with essential oils, organic acids and plant extracts. Seed Sci. Technol. 36: 76-88.
• Woedtke T. H., Schluter B., Pflegel P., Lindequist U., Julich U. D. 1999. Aspects of antimicrobial efficacy of grapefruit seed extract and its relation to preservative substances contained. Pharmazie 54 (6): 452-456.
• Woydyļa A. 2001. Grapefruit extract activity in the control of rose powdery mildew and black spot. Med. Fac. Landbouww. Univ. Gent 66/2a: 167-77.
• Yohalem D. S., Nielsen K., Green H., Jensen D. F. 2004. Biocontrol agents efficiently inhibit sporulation of Botrytis aclada on necrotic leaf tips but spread to adjacent living tissue is not prevented. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 47: 297-303.