Practical limits of some standard chemical analyses in pollution control

• Autorzy: Polakiewicz T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

On the basis of selected examples it is shown that chemical analyses performed according to the Polish Norms can produce incorrect results. The sources of errors were disclosed and some improvements suggested. The pH-measurements of acid rains and water samples with conductivity less than 25 μS/cm, the COD (dichromate) determination especially of saline wastes, the BOD determination by the dilution method, the BOD and COD as the indexes of organic matter content, and the TOC determination as a helpful index for troublesome samples were discussed.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

prevention; chemical analysis; pollution control; environment protection; pollutant emission; purification; Polish Norm; pH; physicochemical analysis

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 1992
• Tom: 01
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.21-26,fig.

Twórcy

autor

Polakiewicz T.

• Nicholas Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland

Bibliografia

• POLAKIEWICZ T., Investigation of chemical background in Tatra surface waters and related analytical methods, Proc. of Individual Research Problem JPBR 11.2, N. Copernicus University, Torun 1988-89 (in Polish).
• Bestimmung des pH-Wertes, DIN 38 404 Teil 5, Vom Wasser 1983, 60, 327-330.
• Standard Methods for the examination of Water and Wastewater, Washington, DC 1971, pp 276-281.
• Electrometric pH determination of waters with specific conductivity below 10 /xS/cm, Polska Norma PN-90/C-04540.07 (in Polish).
• Determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by dichromate method, Polska Norma PN-81/C-04578.03 (in Polish).
• Standard Methods for the examination of Water and Was¬tewater, Washington 1989, pp 5-10 trough 5-14.
• Bestimmung des Chemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs (CSB), DIN 38 409 Teil 4, Vom Wasser 1980, 54, 341-343.
• Bestimmung des Chemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs (CSB) Kurzzeitverfahren, DIN 38 409 Teil 43, Vom Wasser 1980, 55, 337-347.
• DOBBS R.A., WILLIAMS R.T., Elimination of Chloride Interference in the Chemical Oxygen Demand Test, Anal. Chemistry 1963, 35, 1064.
• POLAKIEWICZ T., Determination of COD, BOD and TOC in saline water and wastes, in: Proc. of Int. Conf.’Methods and possibilities of seewater and see-coast protection’. Gdańsk, 1991, in press.
• Bestimmung des Chemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs (CSB) für Chlorid - Iongehalte über 1 g/1, DIN 38 409 Teil 41, Vom Wasser 1980, 55, 333-336.
• POLAKIEWICZ T., Determinaüon of Total Organic Carbon in selected kinds of water and sewages. Ph.D. Dissertation, N. Copernicus University, Toruń 1984 (in Polish).
• Rozporządzenie Ministra Ochrony Środowiska, Zasobów Naturalnych i Leśnictwa z dnia 05.11.91 w sprawie klasyfi¬kacji wód oraz warunków, jakim powinny odpowiadać ścieki wprowadzane do wód lub do ziemi, (Dziennik Ustaw Nr 116, pozycja 503, Warszawa 16.12.91).
• Determination of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD„) by the dilution method, Polska Norma PN-81/C-04578.05.
• Standard Methods for the examination of Water and Wastewater, Washington 1989, pp 5-2 through 5-10.