Post-'Little Ice Age' retreat rates of glaciers around Billefjorden in Central Spitsbergen, Svalbard

• Autorzy: Rachlewicz G , Szczucinski W. , Ewertowski M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Twelve glaciers, representing various types, were investigated between 2000 and 2005, in a region adjacent to the northern reaches of Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen (Svalbard). On the basis of measurements taken using reference points, DGPS and GPS systems, analyses of aerial photographs and satellite images, geomorphological indicators and archival data their rates of deglaciation following the "Little Ice Age" (LIA) maximum were calculated variously on centennial, decadal and annual time scales. As most Svalbard glaciers have debris-covered snouts, a clean ice margin was measured in the absence of debris-free ice front. The retreat rates for both types of ice fronts were very similar. All studied glaciers have been retreating since the termination of the Little Ice Age at the end of 19th century. The fastest retreat rate was observed in the case of the Nordenskioldbreen tidewater glacier (mean average linear retreat rate 35 m a-1). For land-terminating glaciers the rates were in range of 5 to 15 m a-1. Presumably owing to climate warming, most of the glacier retreat rates have increased several fold in recent decades. The secondary factors influencing the retreat rates have been identified as: water depth at the grounding line in the case of tidewater glaciers, surging history, altitude, shape and aspect of glacier margin, and bedrock relief. The retreat rates are similar to glaciers from other parts of Spitsbergen. Analyses of available data on glacier retreat rates in Svalbard have allowed us to distinguish four major types: very dynamic, surging tidewater glaciers with post-LIA retreat rates of between 100 and 220 ma-1, other tidewater glaciers receding of a rate of 15 to 70 m a-1, land terminating valley polythermal glaciers with an average retreat of 10 to 20 m a-1 and small, usually cold, glaciers with the retreat rates below 10 m a-1.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Billefjorden; glacial geomorphology; retreat rate; deglaciation; Spitsbergen; Arctic; glacier; Svalbard

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Polar Research
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: 28
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.159-186,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Rachlewicz G

• Adam Mickiewicz University, Dziegielowa 27, 61-680 Poznan, Poland

autor

Szczucinski W.

autor

Ewertowski M.

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