Controlled release formulations of atrazine produced by tumbling agglomeration

• Autorzy: Malyszka T , Jankowski T.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Preparaty atrazyny o kontrolowanym uwalnianiu wytwarzane za pomoca granulacji talerzowej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The herbicide atrazine was incorporated in the granules manufactured in the process of tumbling agglomeration to obtain controlled release (CR) formulations. The formulations contained bentonite as a CR matrix forming agent (960–974 g/kg of dry granules), atrazine (10 g/kg), citric acid (3.2 g/kg), and sodium alginate as a matrix binder and a release modifier (12.8–26.8 g/kg). The release characteristics of atrazine were studied by immersion of the granules in static water. The effects of formulations on atrazine transport through soil were studied using model soil columns irrigated with water. The release of atrazine from CR granules into water was affected by increasing the alginate concentration in a particular formulation because the time necessary for the release of 50% of the active ingredient was longer for the granules containing a higher amount of alginate. The CR formulations significantly reduced the amount of atrazine leached to the soil surface horizon in comparison with the commercial water suspension of the herbicide.

PL

Atrazynę unieruchomiono w granulacie wytworzonym za pomocą granulacji talerzowej w celu otrzymania postaci herbicydu o kontrolowanej szybkości uwalniania. Granulat zawierał bentonit (960–974 g/kg suchego preparatu), atrazynę (10 g/kg), kwas cytrynowy (3,2 g/kg) oraz alginian sodu (12,8–26,8 g/kg) spełniający rolę substancji wiążącej składniki matrycy i modyfikującej szybkość uwalniania aktywnego składnika. Charakterystykę uwalniania atrazyny zbadano metodą immersyjną w wodzie, w warunkach statycznych. Zbadano także przenikanie atrazyny do gleby w modelowych kolumnach glebowych zraszanych wodą w celu symulacji opadu atmosferycznego. Szybkość wypływu atrazyny z granulatu zmniejszała się wraz ze wzrostem zawartości alginianu w matrycy, a czas połówkowego wypływu atrazyny odpowiednio się wydłużał. Unieruchomienie atrazyny w granulacie o kontrolowanym uwalnianiu spowodowało zmniejszony wypływ herbicydu do górnej warstwy gleby, w porównaniu z handlowym preparatem zastosowanym w postaci wodnej zawiesiny

Słowa kluczowe

EN

plant protection; controlled release formulation; atrazine; tumbling agglomeration; herbicide; alginate

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: 44
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.221-230,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Malyszka T

• August Cieszkowski Agricultural University, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland

autor

Jankowski T.

Bibliografia

• Carr M.E., Wing R.E., Doane W.M. 1991. Encapsulation of atrazine within a starch matrix by extrusion processing. Cereal Chem., 68: 262–266.
• Chen J., Jane J. 1995. Effectiveness of granular cold-water-soluble starch as a controlled-release matrix. Cereal Chem., 72: 265–268.
• Cotterill J.V., Wilkins R.M. 1996. Controlled release of phenylurea herbicides from a lignin matrix: release kinetics and modification with urea. J. Agric. Food Chem., 44: 2908–2912.
• Ferraz A., Souza J.A., Silva F.T., Goncalves A.R., Bruns R.E., Cotrim A.R., Wilkins R.M. 1997. Controlled release of 2,4-D from granule matrix formulations based on six lignins. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45: 1001–1005.
• Fernandez-Perez M., Gonzalez-Pradas E., Villafranca-Sanchez M., Flores-Cespedes F., Urena-Amante M.D. 2000. Bentonite and humic acid as modifying agents in controlled release formulations of diuron and atrazine. J. Environ. Qual., 29: 304–310.
• Gerstl Z., Nasser A., Mingelgrin U. 1998. Controlled release of pesticides into soils from clay-polymer formulations. J. Agric. Food Chem., 46: 3797–3802.
• Gilchrist G.F.R., Gamble D.S., Kodama H., Khan S.U. 1993. Atrazine interactions with clay minerals: the kinetics and equilibrium of sorption. J. Agric. Food Chem., 41: 1748–1755.
• Grant G.T., Morris E.R., Rees D.A., Smith P.J.C., Thom D. 1973. Biological interactions between polysaccharides and divalent cations: the egg box model. FEBS Lett., 32: 195–198.
• Holden L.R., Graham J.A., Whitmore W.J., Alexander R., Pratt W., Liddle S.K., Piper L.L. 1992. Results of the national alachlor well water survey. Environ. Sci. Technol., 26: 935–943.
• Johnson R.F., Pepperman A.B. 1995. Mobility of atrazine from alginate controlled release formulations. J. Environ. Sci. Health B30: 27–47.
• Johnson R.M., Pepperman A.B. 1996. Leaching of alachlor from alginate-encapsulated controlled-release formulations. Pestic. Sci., 48: 157–164.
• Kim C., Lee E. 1992. The controlled release of blue dextran from alginate beads. Int. J. Pharm., 97: 11–19.
• Klassien P.W., Griszajew I.W. 1989. Podstawy techniki granulacji, WNT, Warszawa, 324 pp.
• Małyszka T., Jankowski T. 2000. Kontrolowane uwalnianie środków ochrony roślin. Post. Nauk Rol., 5: 71–82.
• Mervosh T.L., Stoller E.W., Simmons F.W., Ellsworth T.R., Simms G.K. 1995. Effects of starch encapsulation on clomazone and atrazine movement in soil and clomazone volatilization. Weed Sci., 43: 445–453.
• Pepperman A.B., Kuan J.W. 1993. Slow release formulations of metribuzin based on alginate-kaolin-lineseed oil. J. Controlled Release 26: 21–30.
• Ritger P.L. Peppas N.A. 1987. A simple equation for description of solute release. I. Fickian and anomalous release from nonswellable devices in the form of slabs, spheres, cylinders or discs. J. Control. Rel., 5: 37–42.
• Schreiber M.M., Hickman M.V., Vail G.D. 1993. Starch-encapsulated atrazine. Efficacy and transport. J. Environ. Qual., 22: 443–453.
• Smith K.L., Herbig S.M. 1993. Controlled release. p. 915–935. In “Membrane Handbook” (W.S. Winston, K.K. Sirkar, eds.). Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
• Snow R.H., Kaye B.H., Capes C.E., Conley R.F., Sheehan J., Schwarzkopf F., Pietsch W.B. 1973. Size reduction and size enlargement. p. 61–65. In “Chemical Engineer’s Handbook” (R.H. Perry, C.H. Chilton eds.). McGraw Hill. New York.
• Van Leeuwen J.A., Waltner-Toews D., Abernathy T., Smit B., Shoukri M. 1999. Associations between stomach cancer incidence and drinking water contamination with atrazine and nitrate in Ontario (Canada) agroecosystems, 1987–1991. Int. J. Epidemiol., 28: 836–840.
• Vasilakoglou I.B., Eleftherohorinos I.G. 1997. Activity, adsorption, mobility, efficacy, and persistence alachlor as influenced by formulation. Weed Sci., 45: 579–585.
• Wauchope R.D., Glaze N.C., Dowler C.C. 1990. Mobility and efficiency of controlled release formulations of atrazine. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr., 30: 212–216.