Current methods used to identify and genotype spirochaetes Borreliella burgdorferi

• Autorzy: Teodorowicz P. , Weiner M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Aktualne metody identyfikacji oraz genotypowania krętków Borreliella burgdorferi

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Lyme disease, as one of tick-borne diseases, has been a current epidemiological problem in Poland and in the world for several years. The proportion of borreliosis infections caused by B. burgdorferi spirochaetes is increasing. Difficulties diagnosing t his disease w ith conventional methods have led to growing molecular biology research aimed at developing improved diagnostic tools. Molecular biology methods include all techniques that allow the detection and analysis of nucleic acids. Among them there are methods based on PCR reaction, molecular typing methods (MLST), new generation sequencing (NGS). The current development of this field gives great research opportunities. With regard to B. burgdorferi spirochaete, molecular biology is used to: confirm Lyme borreliosis, identify and type Borreliella spirochaetes, detect them in tick vectors or intermediate hosts, as well as to identify co-infections between different Borreliella species and other tick-borne pathogens. They are meant to significantly improve diagnostic analyzes. This paper reviews the current methods used for the detection and identification of B. burgdorferi. Molecular mechanisms for the survival of spirochaetes in the host, infection vectors and clinical picture of Lyme disease were also discussed.

PL

Borelioza, jako jedna z chorób odkleszczowych, od kilku lat stanowi aktualny problem epidemiologiczny w Polsce i na świecie. Wzrastający odsetek przypadków zakażeń boreliozą, chorobą wywołaną przez krętki B. burgdorferi, bardzo trudnych do zdiagnozowania metodami konwencjonalnymi, powoduje stale powiększające się zainteresowanie najnowszymi technikami z dziedziny biologii molekularnej. Metody biologii molekularnej obejmują wszystkie techniki pozwalające na wykrywanie i analizę kwasów nukleinowych. Wśród nich wyróżnia się metody oparte o rekację PCR, metody typowania molekularnego (MLST), sekwencjonowanie nowej generacji (NGS). Aktualny rozwój tej dziedziny daje ogromne możliwości badawcze. W odniesieniu do krętków B. burgdorferi biologię molekularną wykorzystuje się do: potwierdzenia boreliozy z Lyme, identyfikacji i typowania krętków Borreliella, wykrycia ich w wektorach kleszczowych, czy gospodarzach pośrednich, a także przy stwierdzeniu koinfekcji między różnymi gatunkami Borreliella i innymi patogenami przenoszonymi przez kleszcze. Mają one w znacznym stopniu usprawnić analizy diagnostyczne. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono przegląd aktualnych metod umożliwiających wykrycie i identyfikację B. burgdorferi. Omówiono również molekularne mechanizmy umożliwiające przetrwanie krętków w organizmie gospodarza, wektory zakażenia oraz obraz kliniczny boreliozy.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

identification; genotype; spirochaete; Borrelia burgdorferi; tick-borne disease; DNA; RNA; polymerase chain reaction; detection

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Health Problems of Civilization
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 14
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.71-82,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Teodorowicz P.

• Medical Laboratory, Innovation Research Center, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, Biala Podlaska, Poland

autor

Weiner M.

• Faculty of Health Sciences, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, Biala Podlaska, Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5114/hpc.2020.93808