A new freshwater basal eucryptodiran turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain

• Autorzy: Perez-Garcia A. , De La Fuente M. S. , Ortega F.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A freshwater turtle from the lithographic limestone of Las Hoyas (Barremian of Cuenca, Spain) is described as a new genus and species of Eucryptodira, Hoyasemys jimenezi. The holotype consists of the skull, lower jaw, carapace, plastron, vertebral column, pectoral and pelvic girdle remains, and foreand hindlimbs. Hoyasemys jimenezi gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by three pairs of blind oblique depressions on the ventral surface of the basisphenoid, and a character combination composed, among others, of the articulation between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae through a cotyle in the fourth and a condyle in the fifth, amphicoelous caudal centra, and most digits of manus and pes with three elongated phalanges. This study allows clarification of the systematic position of a species of uncertain affinity often identified as “chelydroid” in appearance. A phylogenetic analysis shows Hoyasemys jimenezi gen. et sp. nov. forms a monophyletic group with Judithemys sukhanovi, Dracochelys bicuspis, Sinemys lens, and Ordosemys leios, collectively the sister group of crown Cryptodira.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

new genus; new species; freshwater turtle; eucryptodiran turtle; Lower Cretaceous; Cretaceous; paleontology; Spain; Testudines; Eucryptodira; Barremian; Las Hoyas

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 57
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.285-298,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Perez-Garcia A.

• Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain

autor

De La Fuente M. S.

autor

Ortega F.

Bibliografia

• Antunes, M.T., Becquart, D., and Broin, F. de 1988. Découverte de “Plesiochelys”, Chélonien marin−littoral, dans le Kimméridgien d’Alcobaça, Portugal. Ciências da Terra 3: 179–195.
• Averianov, A.O. 2002. Review of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sea turtles from the former USSR. Russian Journal of Herpetology 9: 137–154.
• Bardet, N. 1994. Extinction events among Mesozoic marine reptiles. Historical Biology 7: 313–324.
• Bräm, H. 1965. Die Schildkröten aus dem oberen Jura (Malm) der Gegend von Solothurn. Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlungen 83: 1–190.
• Brinkman, D.B. 2001. New material of Dracochelys (Eucryptodira: Sinemydidae) from the Juggar Basin, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38: 1645–1651.
• Brinkman, D.B. and Peng, J.H. 1993a. Ordosemys leios n. gen. a new turtle from the early Cretaceous of the Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30: 2128–2138.
• Brinkman, D.B. and Peng, J.H. 1993b. New material of Sinemys (Testudines, Sinemydidae) from the Early Cretaceous of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30: 2139–2152.
• Brinkman, D.B. and Wu, X.−C. 1999. The skull of Ordosemys, an Early Cretaceous turtle from Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China, and the interrelationships of Eucryptodira (Chelonia, Cryptodira). Paludicola 2: 134–147.
• Buscalioni, A.D. and Fregenal−Martínez, M.A. 2006. Archosaurian size bias in Jurassic and Cretaceous freshwater ecosystems. In: P.M. Barrett and S.E. Evans (eds.),Ninth International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecoystems and Biota, 9–12. Natural History Museum, London.
• Buscalioni, A.D. and Fregenal−Martinez, M.A. 2010. A holistic approach to the palaeoecology of Las Hoyas Konservat−Lagerstatte (La Huerguina Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Iberian Ranges, Spain). Journal of Iberian Geology 36: 297–326.
• Buscalioni, A.D., Fregenal, M.A., Bravo, A., Poyato−Ariza, F.J., Sanchiz, B., Báez, A.M. Cambra Moo, O., Marín Closas, C., Evanz, S. E., and Marugán Lobón, J. 2008. The vertebrate assemblage of Buenache de la Sierra (Upper Barremian of Serrania de Cuenca, Spain) with insights into its taphonomy and palaeoecology. Cretaceous Research 29: 687–710.
• Claude, J., Paradis, E., Tong, H., and Auffray, J.−C. 2003. A geometric morphometric assessment of the effects of environment and cladogenesis on the evolution of the turtle shell. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 79: 485–501.
• Danilov, I. 2005. Die fossilen Schildkröten Europas. In: U. Fritz (ed.), Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Schildkröten (Testudines) II, 329–448. Aula−Verlag, Wiebelsheim.
• Danilov, I. 2008. An overview of fossil non−marine turtles of Europe. In: C. Corti (ed.), Herpetologia Sardiniae, VII Congresso Nazionale, Societas Herpetologica Italica, 184–187. Edizioni Delvedere, Latina.
• Danilov, I.G. and Parham, J.F. 2007. The type series of “Sinemys” wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa. Palaeontology 50: 431–444.
• Danilov, I.G. and Parham, J.F. 2008. A reassessment of some poorly known turtles from the middle Jurassic of china, with comments on the antiquity of extant turtles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28: 306–318.
• Danilov, I.G. and Sukhanov, V.B. 2006. A basal eucryptodiran turtle “Sinemys” efremovi (= Wuguia efremovi) from the Early Cretaceous of China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51: 105–110.
• Danilov, I.G., Averianov, A.O., Skutchas, P.P., and Rezvyi, A.S. 2006. Kirgizemys (Testudines, Macrobaenidae): new material from the Lower Cretaceous of Buryatia (Russia) and taxonomic revision. Fossil Turtle Research 1: 46–62.
• Diéguez, C., Martín−Closas, C., Meléndez, N., Rodríguez−Lázaro, J., and Trincão, P. 1995. Biostratigraphy. In: M.N. Meléndez (ed.), Las Hoyas, a lacustrine Konservat−Lagerstätte, Field trip guide book, II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones, Lleida−Cuenca, 77–89. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid.
• Dollo, M.L. 1884. Première note sur les cheloniens de Bernissart. Bulletin du Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 3: 63–79.
• Escaso, F., Sanz, J.L., and Ortega, F. 2005. Un Konservat−Lagerstätte del Cretácico Inferior de Europa: Las Hoyas. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Sección Geológica) 100: 221–33.
• Fregenal−Martínez, M.A. and Meléndez, N. 1995. Paleotectonic controls of the origin of the Las Hoyas fossil site (Serranía de Cuenca, Spain). In: Extended Abstract, II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones, Lleida−Cuenca, Lleida−Cuenca, 71–74. Ediciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
• Fuentes Vidarte, C., Meijide Calvo, M., and Meijide Fuentes, F. 2003. Nueva tortuga para el Cretácico Inferior de Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, España): Salasemys pulcherrima nv. gen. nv. sp. Studia Geologica Salmanticensia 39: 109–123.
• Gaffney, E.S. 1972. An illustrated glossary of turtle skull nomenclature. American Museum Novitates 2486: 1–33.
• Gaffney, E.S. 1975a. A phylogeny and classification of higher categories of turtles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 155: 387–436.
• Gaffney, E.S. 1975b. A taxonomic revision of the Jurassic turtles Portlandemys and Plesiochelys. American Museum Novitates 2574: 1–19.
• Gaffney, E.S. 1975c. Solnhofia parsoni, a new cryptodiran turtle from the Late Jurassic of Europe. American Museum Novitates 2576: 1–25.
• Gaffney, E.S. 1976. Cranial morphology of the European Jurassic turtles Portlandemys and Plesiochelys. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 157: 488–543.
• Gaffney, E.S. and Meylan, P. 1988. A phylogeny of turtles. In: M.J. Benton (ed.), The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Vol. 1 Amphibians, Reptiles and Birds. Systematics Association, Oxford, Special Volume 35A: 157–219.
• Gaffney, E.S. and Ye, X. 1992. Dracochelys, a new cryptodiran turtle from the Early Cretaceous of China. American Museum Novitates 3048: 1–13.
• Gaffney, E.S., Rich, T.H., Vickers−Rich, P., Constantine, A., Vacca, R., and Kool, L. 2007. Chubutemys, a new eucryptodiran turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina, and the relationships of Meiolaniidae. American Museum Novitates 3599: 1–36.
• Goloboff, P.A., Farris, J.S., and Nixon, K.C. 2008. TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics 24: 774–786.
• Hirayama, R., Brinkman D.B., and Danilov I.G. 2000. Distribution and biogeography of non−marine Cretaceous turtles. Russian Journal of Herpetology 7: 181–198.
• Jiménez−Fuentes, E. 1995. Turtles. In: M.N. Meléndez (ed.), Las Hoyas, a lacustrine Konservat−Lagerstätte, Field trip guide book, II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones, Lleida−Cuenca, 55–56. Universidad Complutese de Madrid, Madrid.
• Joyce, W.G. 2000. The first complete skeleton of Solnhofia parsonsi (Cryptodira, Eurystemidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Germany and its taxonomic implications. Journal of Paleontology 74: 684–700.
• Joyce, W.G. 2003. A new Late Jurassic turtle specimen and the taxonomy of Palaeomedusa testa and Eurysternum wagleri. PaleoBios 23 (3): 1–8.
• Joyce, W.G. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of Mesozoic turtles. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 48: 3–102.
• Joyce, W.G.and Gauthier, J.A. 2004. Palaeoecology of Triassic stem turtles sheds new light on turtle origins. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 271: 1–5.
• Joyce, W.G., Chapman, S.D., Moody, R.T.J., and Walker, C.A. 2011. The skull of the solemydid turtle Helochelydra nopscai from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Sussex Formation of the Isle of Wight, England. Special Papers in Palaeontology 86: 75–97.
• Krebs, B. 1995. The Barremian vertebrate locality Uña (Province of Cuenca). Materials for a comparison with Las Hoyas. In: Extended Abstract, II International Symposium on Lithographic Limestones, Lleida−Cuenca, 95–97. Ediciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid.
• Lapparent de Broin, F. de 2001. The European turtle fauna from the Triassic to the present. Dumerilia 4: 155–216.
• Lapparent de Broin, F. de, Lange−Badré, B., and Dutrieux, M. 1996. Nouvelles découvertes de tortues dans le Jurassique supérieur du Lot (France) et examen du taxon Plesiochelyidae. Revue de Paléobiologie 15 : 533–570.
• Lee, Y.−N., Hutchison, J.H., and Chang, K.−H. 2009. The first Mesozoic turtle from South Korea. Cretaceous Research 30: 1287–1292.
• Lydekker, R.A. 1889. On remains of Eocene and Mesozoic Chelonia and a tooth of (?) Ornithopsis. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 45: 227–246.
• Lyson, T.R. and Joyce, W.G. 2011. Cranial anatomy and phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic turtle Compsemys victa. Journal of Paleontology 85: 789–801.
• Maisch, M.W., Matzke, A.T., and Sun, G. 2003. A new sinemydid turtle (Reptilia: Testudines) from the Lower Cretaceous of the Junggar Basin (NW−China). Neues Jarhbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 12: 705–722.
• Matzke, A.T., Maisch, M.W., Pfretzschner, H.−U., Sun, G., and Stöhr, H. 2004a. A new basal sinemydid turtle (Reptilia: Testudines) from the Lower Cretaceous Tugulu Group of Junggar Basin (northwest China). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 2004 (3): 151–167.
• Matzke, A., Maisch, M.W., Sun, G., Pfretzschner, H.−U., and Stöhr, H. 2004b. A new xinjiangchelyid turtle (Testudines; Eucryptodira) from the Jurassic Qigu formation of the southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, North−West China. Palaeontology 47: 1267–1299.
• Matzke, A.T., Maisch, M.W., Sun G.E., Pfretzschner, H.−U., and Stöhr. H. 2005. A new Middle Jurassic xinjiangchelyid turtle (Testudines; Eucryptodira) from China (Xinjiang, Junggar Basin). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25: 63–70
• Meylan, P. 1988. Peltochelys Dollo and the relationships among the genera of the Carettochelydae (Testudines: Reptilia). Herpetologica 44: 440–450.
• Meylan, P.A. and Gaffney, E.S. 1989. The skeletal morphology of the Cretaceous turtle, Adocus, and the relationships among the Trionychoidea. American Museum Novitates 2941: 1–60.
• Meylan, P.A., Moody, R.T.J., Walker, C.A., and Chapman, S.D. 2000. Sandownia harrisi, a highly derived trionychoid turtle (Testudines: Cryptodira) from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight, England. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20: 522–532.
• Milner, A.R. 2004. The turtles of the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, Southern England. Palaeontology 47: 1441–1467.
• Nopcsa, F. 1928. Palaeontological notes on the reptiles. IV. Helochelydra and Hylaeochelys, two little known tortoises from the Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Geologica Hungarica, Seria Palaeontologica 1 (1): 44–84.
• Ortega, F., Sanz, J.L., Barbadillo, L.J., Buscalioni, A.D., Diéguez, C., Evans, S.E., Fregenal−Martínez, M.A., Fuente, M. de la, Madero, J., Martín−Closas, C., Martínez−Delclós, X., Meléndez, N., Moratalla, J.J., Pérez−Moreno, B.P., Pinardo−Moya, E., Poyato−Ariza, F.J., Rodríguez−Lazaro, J., Sanchiz, B., and Wenz, S. 1999. El yacimiento de Las Hoyas (La Cierva, Cuenca), un Konservat−Lagerstäte del Cretácico inferior. In: E. Aguirre (ed.), Patrimonio Paleontológico de Castilla−La Mancha, 195–216. Junta de Comunidades de Castilla−La Mancha, Toledo.
• Pace, C.M., Blob, R.W., and Westneat, M.W. 2001. Comparative kinematics of the forelimb during swimming in red−eared slider (Trachemys scripta) and spiny softshell (Apalone spinifera) turtles. Journal of Experimental Biology 204: 3261–3271.
• Parham, J.F. and Hutchinson, J.H. 2003. A new eucryptodiran turtle from the Late Cretaceous of North America (Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23: 783–798.
• Peng, J.−H. and Brinkman, D.B. 1993. New material of Xinjianchelys (Reptilia: Testudines) from the Late Jurassic Qigu Formation (Shishugou Group) of the Pingfengshan locality, Junggar Basin, Xinjiang. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30: 2013–2026.
• Pérez−García, A. 2011. Revisión de la serie tipo de Peltochelys duchastelii (Chelonii, Trionychoidea) del Cretácico Inferior de Bernissart (Bélgica). In: A. Pérez−García, F. Gascó, J.M. Gasulla, and F. Escaso (eds.), Viajando a Mundos Pretéritos. Ayuntamiento de Morella, 249–260. Morella, Castellón.
• Pérez−García, A. and Ortega, F. 2009. Juan Vilanova y Piera (1821–1893) y la primera tortuga hallada en el Mesozoico español. Geogaceta 47: 17–20.
• Pérez−García, A., Murelaga, X., and Gasulla, J.M. 2008a. Una nueva tortuga (Chelonii, Eucryptodira) del Cretácico Inferior (Aptiense) de Morella (Castellón). In: J.I. Ruiz−Omeñaca, L. Piñuela, J.C. García−Ramos (eds.), Libro de Resúmenes de las XXIV Jornadas de la Sociedad Española de Paleontología, 175–176. Asturias.
• Pérez−García, A., Ortega, F., Murelaga, X., and Dantas, P. 2008b.Plesiochelys sp. (Testudines; Eucryptodira) de la Fm. Freixial (Jurásico Superior) en Ulsa (Torres Vedras, Portugal).Publicaciones del Seminario de Paleontología de Zaragoza 8: 331–344.
• Rieppel, O. 1980. The skull of the Upper Jurassic cryptodire turtle Thalassemys, with a reconsideration of the chelonian braincase. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 171 : 105–140.
• Renous, S., Lapparent de Broin, F. de, Depecker, M., Davenport, J., and Bels, V.L. 2008. Evolution of locomotion in aquatic turtles. In: J. Wyneken, V.L. Bels, and M.H. Godfrey (eds.), The Biology of Turtles, 97–138. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
• Sanz, J.L., Wenz, S., Yébenes, A., Estes, R., Martínez−Delclós, X., Jiménez−Fuentes, E., Diéguez, C., Buscalioni, A.D., Barbadillo, L.J., and Vía, L. 1988. An Early Cretaceous faunal and floral continental assemblage: Las Hoyas fossil site (Cuenca, Spain). Geobios 21: 611–635.
• Sauvage, H.E. 1898. Vertébrés fossiles du Portugal. Contribution à l’étude des poissons et des reptiles du Jurassique et du Crétacique. Memorias Commissão do Serviço Geológico de Portugal, Lisboa 1897–1898: 1–46.
• Sukhanov, V.B. 2000. Mesozoic turtles of Central Asia. In: M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, and E.N. Kurochkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 309–367. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Sukhanov, V.B. and Narmandakh, P. 2006. New taxa of Mesozoic turtles from Mongolia. Fossil Turtle Research 1: 119–127.
• Tong, H., Buffetaut, E., and Suteethorn, V. 2006. Isanemys, a new adocid turtle from the Sao Khua Formation (Early Cretaceous) of the Khorat Plateau, northeastern Thailand. Fossil Turtle Research 1: 128–137.
• Tong, H., Ji, S.−A., and Ji, Q. 2004. Ordosemys (Testudines: Cryptodira) from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, northeastern China: new specimens and systematic revision. American Museum Novitates 3438: 1–20.
• Zangerl, R. 1969. The turtle shell. In: A. d’A. Bellairs and T.S. Parsons (eds.), The Biology of the Reptilia 1, 311–339. Academic Press, London.