Insulinoodporność komórki wątrobowej

• Autorzy: Daniluk J. , Zwolak A. , Jastrzebska I. , Sawicka K. , Szczyrek M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Insulin resistance of a liver cell

• Języki publikacji: PL EN

Abstrakty

PL

Insulinooporność oznacza upośledzoną wrażliwość tkanek na insulinę, najczęściej związaną z defektem insulinowego szlaku przekaźnictwa wewnątrzkomórkowego sygnału. Insulinooporność hepatocytów manifestuje się przede wszystkim niekontrolowaną produkcją i uwalnianiem glukozy z wątroby, czego skutkiem jest hiperglikemia. Prowadzi do zaburzeń metabolicznych, zwłaszcza dotyczących gospodarki węglowodanowej, jak również lipidowej prowadząc do nadmiernej akumulacji lipidów w wątrobie. Wewnątrzkomórkowy nadmiar lipidów estryfikowany jest przede wszystkim do triacylogliceroli (TAG), diacylogliceroli (DAG) i ceramidów (CER), które w sposób bezpośredni interferują z insulinowym szlakiem przekaźnictwa sygnału, nasilając insulinooporność hepatocytów. Wzrost zawartości diacylogliceroli wewnątrz hepatocytów powoduje wzmożenie aktywności kinazy białkowej C (PKC), a nadmierna akumulacja ceramidów może być przyczyną inaktywacji kinazy białkowej B (PKB), czego skutkiem jest fosforylacja i dezaktywacja substratu receptora insulinowego (IRS-1), co prowadzi do zmniejszenia translokacji transporterów dla glukozy do błony komórkowej (GLUT-2). Znaczenie insulinooporności hepatocytów przede wszystkim objawaia się rozwojem zespolu metabolicznego, wzrostem ryzyka sercowo-naczyniowego i przewpleklym prozesem zapalanym i nowotworzeniem.

EN

Insulin resistance means impaired sensitivity of tissues to insulin, most often associated with a defect of the insulin intracellular signal transmission route. Insulin resistance of hepatocytes manifests itself mainly with uncontrolled production and release of glucose from the liver, which results in hyperglycaemia. This leads to metabolic disorders, especially concerning the carbohydrate as well as lipid metabolism, resulting in excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver. The intracellular excess of lipids is mostly esterificated to triacylglycerides (TAG), diacylglycerides (DAG) and ceramides (CER), which directly interfere with the insulin signal transmission route, intensifying the insulin resistance of hepatocytes. Increase in the content of diacylglycerides inside hepatocytes causes increased activity of protein kinase C (PKC), while excessive accumulation of ceramides may cause inactivation of protein kinase B (PKB), which results in phosphorylation and deactivation of the insulin substrate receptor (IRS-1), which leads to reduction of translocation of glucose transporters (GLUT-2) to the cell membrane. The importance of insulin resistance of hepatocytes chiefly manifests itself in the development of the metabolic syndrome, growth of the heart-vascular risk and a chronic inflammatory process and carcinogenesis.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Człowiek i Zdrowie
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 05
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: s.113-126,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Daniluk J.

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Lublin
• Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im.Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, Biała Podlaska

autor

Zwolak A.

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Lublin
• Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa im.Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej, Biała Podlaska

autor

Jastrzebska I.

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Lublin

autor

Sawicka K.

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Lublin

autor

Szczyrek M.

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Lublin

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