Seasonal variation in feeding habits and diet selection by wild boars in a semi-arid environment of Argentina

• Autorzy: Cuevas M. F. , Ojeda R. A. , Dacar M. A. , Jaksic F. M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The wild boar, Sus scrofa, was first introduced for hunting purposes in Argentina in 1906 and presently occupies a wide range of habitats. Understanding the food habits of invasive species is important for predicting the effects of animal food consumption on the environment and on human activities, such as farming. The wild boar is an omnivorous, opportunistic species whose diet is determined by the relative abundance of different types of foods. In general, the wild boar’s diet has been widely studied in the world, both as a native and invasive species, but little is known regarding food resource selection in the Monte Desert biome. Our study assessed the seasonal variation in the diet of wild boars, as well as the nutritional quality of consumed items. Further, we determined the diet selection of this species. Diet analyses were based on faecal samples collected over two seasons (wet and dry) in 1 year. Herbs were the most frequently consumed food item, with wild boars showing a selection for them in both seasons. The wild boar uses food resources according to seasonal availability (larger trophic niche breadth under higher plant diversity, as in the wet season). In turn, within each season, it selects items of high forage quality and high carbohydrate contents. In conclusion, this foraging strategy enables wild boar to maximize energy budget through food selection in order to survive in a semi-arid environment such as the Monte Desert.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

seasonal variation; feeding habit; diet selection; wild boar; Sus scrofa; invasive species; semi-arid environment; Argentina; arid land

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Theriologica
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 58
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.63-72,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Cuevas M. F.

• Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB), IADIZA, CCT CONICET Mendoza, CC 507, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina

autor

Ojeda R. A.

• Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB), IADIZA, CCT CONICET Mendoza, CC 507, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina

autor

Dacar M. A.

• Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB), IADIZA, CCT CONICET Mendoza, CC 507, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina

autor

Jaksic F. M.

• Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity (CASEB), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile

Bibliografia

• Abaigar T (1993) Régimen alimentario del jabalí (Sus scrofa) en el sureste Ibérico. Doñana Acta Vertebrata 20(1):35–48
• Abraham EM, del Valle HF, Roig F, Torres L, Ares JO, Coronato F, Godagnone R (2009) Overview of the geography of the Monte Desert biome (Argentina). J Arid Environ 73:144–153
• Adkins RN, Harveson LA (2006) Summer diets of feral hogs in the davis mountains, Texas. Southwest Nat 51(4):578–580
• Arrington DA, Toth LA, Koebel JW Jr (1999) Effects of rooting by feral hogs Sus scrofa L. on the structure of a floodplain vegetation assemblage. Wetlands 9:535–544
• Baber DW, Coblentz BE (1987) Diet, nutrition, and conception in feral pigs on Santa Catalina Island. J Wildl Manag 51(2):306–317
• Barreto GR, Hernandez OE, Ojasti J (1997) Diet of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu and T. pecari) in a dry forest of Venezuela. J Zool 241:279–284
• Barrett RH (1978) The feral hogs on the dye creek ranch, California. Hilgardia 46(9):281–346
• Baubet E, Bonenfant C, Brandt S (2004) Diet of the wild boar in the French Alps. Galemys 16:101–113
• Bertolotto E (2010) Behavioural ecology of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in an Apennine environment. Dissertation, Universidad de Sassari, Italia
• Bratton SP (1975) The effect of the European wild boar, Sus scrofa, on gray beech forest in the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecol 56:1356–1366
• Braun RH, Candia RJ (1980) Poder calorífico y contenidos de nitrógeno y carbono de componentes del algarrobal de Ñacuñán, Mendoza. Deserta 6:91–99
• Candia RJ (1980) Aspectos ecológicos de Sphaeralcea miniata (Cav.) Spach. Deserta 6:101–111
• Claver S, Roig-Juñent S (2001) El desierto del Monte: La Reserva de Biosfera de Ñacuñán. IADIZA, MAB, UNESCO. Triunfar, Argentina
• Cuevas MF, Novillo A, Campos C, Dacar MA, Ojeda RA (2010) Food habits and impact of rooting behavior of the invasive wild boar, Sus scrofa, in a protected area of the Monte Desert, Argentina. J Arid Environ 74:1582–1585
• Cuevas MF, Mastrantonio L, Ojeda RA, Jaksic FM (2012) Effects of wild boar disturbance on vegetation and soil properties in the Monte Desert, Argentina. Mamm Biol 77:299–306
• Dacar MA, Giannoni SM (2001) A simple method for preparing reference slides of seed. J Range Manage 54:191–193
• Daciuk J (1978) Estado actual de las especies de mamíferos introducidos en la Subregión Araucana (Rep. Argentina) y grado de coacción ejercido en algunos ecosistemas surcordilleranos. An Parques Nacionales 14:105–130
• Danell K, Bergström R, Duncan P, Pastor J (2006) Large herbivore ecology, ecosystem dynamics and conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
• Durio P, Fogliato D, Perrone A, Tessarin N (1995) The autumn diet of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in an Alpine valley. Preliminary results. IBEX 3:180–183
• Eriksson O, Petrov M (1995) Wild boars (Sus scrofa L.) around Chernobyl, Ukraine. Seasonal feed choice in an environment under transition. A baseline study. IBEX 3:171–173
• Fournier-Chambrillon C, Maillard D, Fournier P (1995) Diet of the wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) inhabiting the Montpellier Garrigue. IBEX 3:174–179
• Giménez-Anaya A, Herrero J, Rosell C, Couto S, García-Serrano A (2008) Food habits of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in a Mediterranean coastal wetland. Wetlands 28(1):197–203
• Guevara, J.C., Estevez, O.R., Silva, J.H. & Marchi, A. (1991). Adequacy of native range grasses to meet protein and energy beef cow requirements in the plain of Mendoza, Argentina. In: Gaston A, Kernick M, Le Houérou HN (eds) Proceedings of the Fourth International Rangeland Congress. Montpellier, France CIRAD (SCIST), pp 696–699
• Hayes R, Rifftell S, Minnis R, Holder B (2009) Survival and habitat use of feral hogs in Mississippi. Southeast Nat 8(3):411–426
• Herrero J, García-Serrano A, Couto S, Ortuño VM, García-González R (2006) Diet of wild boar Sus scrofa L. and crop damage in an intensive agroecosystem. Eur J Wildl Res 52:245–250
• Holechek JL, Gross BD (1982) Evaluation of different calculation procedures for microhistological analysis. J Range Manage 35:721–723
• Howe TD, Singer FJ, Ackerman BB (1981) Forage relationships of European wild boar invading northern hardwood forest. J Wildl Manag 45(3):748–754
• Hurlbert SH (1978) The measurement of niche overlap and some relatives. Ecology 59:67–77
• Irizar I, Laskurain NA, Herrero J (2004) Wild boar frugivory in the Atlantic Basque country. Galemys 16:125–133
• Johnson DH (1980) The comparison of usage and availability measurements for evaluating resource preference. Ecol 61(1):65–71
• Labraga JC, Villalba R (2009) Climate in the Monte Desert: past trends, present conditions and future projections. J Arid Environ 73:154–163
• Magurran AE (1988) Ecological diversity and its measurement. Chapman & Hall, London
• Manly BFJ, McDonald LL, Thomas DL, McDonald TL, Erickson WP (2002) Resource selection by animals: statistical design and analysis for field studies, 2nd edn. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
• Massey G, Genov PV, Staines BW (1996) Diet, food availability and reproduction of wild boar in a Mediterranean coastal area. Acta Theriol 41:307–320
• Milanesi P, Meriggi A, Merli E (2012) Selection of wild ungulates by wolves Canis lupus (L. 1758) in an area of the Northern Apennines (North Italy). Ethol Ecol Evol 24:81–96
• Noblet J, Pérez JM (1993) Prediction of digestibility of nutrients and energy values of pig diets from chemical analysis. J Anim Sci 71:3389–3398
• Noy-Meir I (1973) Desert ecosystems: environment and producers. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 4:25–51
• Ostfeld RS, Keesing F (2000) Pulsed resources and community dynamics of consumers in terrestrial ecosystems. TREE 15(6):232–237
• Passera CB, Dalmasso AD, Borsetto O (1983) Método de Point Quadrat Modificado. Taller sobre arbustos forrajeros. FAO, IADIZA, Mendoza
• Pulliam HR (1980) Do chipping sparrows forage optimally? Ardea 68:75–82
• Roig FA, Rossi B (2001) Flora y vegetación. In: Claver S, Roig-Juñent S (eds) El desierto del Monte: La Reserva de Biosfera de Ñacuñán. IADIZA, MAB, UNESCO. Ed. Triunfar, Argentina, pp 41–75
• Rosell C, Fernández-Llario P, Herrero J (2001) El Jabalí (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758). Galemys 13(2):1–25
• Rossi BE (2004) Flora y vegetación de la Reserva de Biosfera de Ñacuñán después de 25 años de clausura. Heterogeneidad espacial a distintas escalas. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
• Rossi CA, De León M, González GL, Chagra Dib P, Pereyra AM (2008) Composición química, contenido de polifenoles totales y valor nutritivo en especies de ramoneo del sistema silvopastoril del Chaco árido argentino. Zootec Trop 26(2):105–115
• Rudge MR (1976) A note on the food of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) of Auckland Island. Proc N Z Ecol Soc 23:83–84
• Rundel PW, Villagra PE, Dillon MO, Roig-Juñent S, Debandi G (2007) Arid and semi-arid ecosystems. In: Veblen TT, Young K, Orme AE (eds) The physical geography of South America. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 158–183
• Sanguinetti J, Kitzberger T (2010) Factors controlling seed predation by rodents and non-native Sus scrofa in Araucaria araucana forests: potential effects on seedling establishment. Biol Invas 12:689–706
• Schley L, Roper TJ (2003) Diet of wild boar Sus scrofa in Western Europe, with particular reference to consumption of agricultural crops. Mamm Rev 33:43–56
• Settele J, Hammen V, Hulme P, Karlson U, Klotz S, Kotarac M, Kunin W, Marion G, O’Connor M, Petanidou T, Peterson K, Potts S, Pritchard H, Pysek P, Rounsevell M, Spangenberg J, Steffan-Dewenter I, Sykes M, Vighi M, Zobel M, Kühn I (2005) ALARM (assessing large-scale environmental risks for biodiversity with tested methods). Gaia 14:69–72
• Seward NW, Vercauteren KC, Witmer GW, Engeman RM (2004) Feral swine impacts on agriculture and the environment. Sheep & Goat Res J 19:34–40
• Sih A, Christensen B (2001) Optimal diet theory: when does it work, and when and why does it fail? Anim Behav 61:379–390
• Silva Colomer JH, Guevara JC, Marchi A, Estevez OR, Stasi CR (1991) Native grasses and the nutrition of the breeding cow in the arid plain of Mendoza, Argentina. J Arid Environ 20:113–118
• Singer FJ, Otto DK, Tipton AR, Hable CP (1981) Home ranges, movements, and habitat use of European wild boar in Tennessee. J Wildl Manag 45(2):343–353
• Singer FJ, Swank WT, Clebsch EEC (1984) Effects of wild pig rooting in a deciduous forest. J Wildl Manag 48(2):464–473
• Skewes O, Rodríguez R, Jaksic FM (2007) Ecología trófica del jabalí europeo (Sus scrofa) silvestre en Chile. Rev Chil Hist Nat 80:295–307
• Stasi CR, Medero MN (1983) Estudio ecológico y bromatológico de Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cav.) Caro, una especie forrajera del “Monte” mendocino y sanjuanino. Deserta 7:7–11
• Taylor RB (1999) Seasonal diets and food habits of feral swine. In: Proceedings of the 1999 National Feral Swine Symposium, Austin, TX, USA: Texas Animal Health Commission, pp 58–66
• Taylor RB, Hellgren EC (1997) Diet of feral hogs in the western South Texas Plains. Southwest Nat 42(1):33–39
• Thompson C, Challies CN (1988) Diet of feral pigs in the Podocarp-tawa forests of the Urewera ranges. N Z J Ecol 11:73–78
• Tierney TA, Cushman JH (2006) Temporal changes in native and exotic vegetation and soil characteristics following disturbances by feral pigs in a California grassland. Biol Invas 8:1073–1089
• Van den Bosch S, Guevara JC, Tacchini FM, Estevez OR (1997) Nutrient content of browse species in the arid rangelands of the Mendoza plain, Argentina. J Arid Environ 37:285–298
• Van Horne B, Schooley RL, Sharpe PB (1998) Influence of habitat, age, and drought on the diet of Townsend’s ground squirrels. J Mammal 79:521–537
• Vitousek P, D’antonio C, Loope L, Rejmanek M, Westbrooks R (1997) Introduced species: a significant component of human-caused global change. N Z J Ecol 21:1–16
• Wainstein P, González S (1963) Valor forrajero de 13 especies de Stipa de Mendoza. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias IX N° 1: 3–18
• Wainstein P, González S (1971a) Valor nutritivo de plantas forrajeras del este de la provincia de Mendoza (Reserva Ecológica de Ñacuñán). I Deserta 2:67–75
• Wainstein P, González S (1971b) Valor nutritivo de plantas forrajeras del este de la provincia de Mendoza (Reserva Ecológica de Ñacuñán), II. Deserta 2:77–85
• Wainstein P, González S, Rey E (1979) Valor nutritivo de plantas forrajeras de la provincia de Mendoza-III. Cuaderno técnico IADIZA 1:97–108
• Williamson M (1996) Biological invasions. Chapman & Hall, London
• Wilson CJ (2004) Rooting damage to farmland in Dorset, southern England, caused by feral wild boar Sus scrofa. Mamm Rev 34(4):331–335
• Wood GW, Roark DN (1980) Food habits of feral hogs in coastal South Carolina. J Wildl Manag 44(2):506–511
• Zar JH (1999) Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA