Foraging habitat requirements of European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur in a Mediterranean forest landscape

• Autorzy: Gutierrez-Galan A. , Sanchez A.L. , Gonzalez C.A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wymagania siedliskowe turkawki w śródziemnomorskim krajobrazie leśnym

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Land use changes occurring in Europe in recent decades are generating important changes in the forest landscape characteristics and are having important effects on avian species richness and abundance. This is particularly important for some bird species of particular conservation concern that require heterogenous landscapes where breeding habitats are proximal to foraging habitats. Among these birds, the European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur is particularly important because of its marked population decline. In southern Europe, forest landscapes have been considered important breeding areas for Turtle Doves. We assessed the influence of the foraging area characteristics — distance to cereal crops and wild seed species abundance — and water availability on Turtle Dove breeding habitat suitability in a Mediterranean forest landscape in southern Spain. Forty-six point locations were surveyed during the spring of 2014 and 2015 on two nearby farms of a forest protected area. The average local abundance of Turtle Doves found at each point location was 1.25 ± 1.31 males, and it was significantly higher at the point locations closest to cereal crops, as well as at nesting sites where the wild seed species included in its local diet were abundant, especially Echium plantagineum. Distance to water in the studied range (average distance 475 m) did not show a significant effect on Turtle Dove local abundance, although the high availability of water in the study area could have a positive influence on the overall Turtle Dove breeding habitat suitability. To benefit Turtle Dove breeding habitat suitability, cultivated areas with cereals/legumes near those forest areas where Turtle Doves reproduce should be promoted. Likewise, the promotion of those herbaceous species that are locally important in the Turtle Dove diet, available, for example, through specific grazing management, should be taken into account when nesting habitat restoration is designed in forest areas, regardless of whether the distances to food resources are long.

PL

Zmiany w użytkowaniu gruntów, które zaszły w Europie w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach, spowodowały istotne zmiany w krajobrazie, także krajobrazie leśnym, który stał się bardziej jednolity, co ma istotny wpływ na bogactwo gatunkowe i liczebność ptaków. Przekształcenia te mają szczególne znaczenie w przypadku gatunków ptaków, które wymagają mozaiki środowisk — tych odpowiednich do gniazdowania oraz żerowisk, które najczęściej położone są od nich w pewnej odległości. Jednym z gatunków o szczególnym znaczeniu w tej grupie jest turkawka, której liczebność uległa silnemu spadkowi. W pracy badano jak charakterystyka żerowisk — ich odległość od upraw zbóż, liczba dzikich gatunków, których nasiona są pokarmem turkawek oraz odległość od źródeł wody — wpływa na jakość siedlisk lęgowych w śródziemnomorskim krajobrazie roślinności twardolistnej. Badania prowadzono na dwóch terenach w parku narodowym Sierre de Andujar w południowej Hiszpanii, które różniły się m.in. odległością od terenów uprawnych (Fig. 1, Tab. 1). Liczebność ptaków określano metodą punktową. Następnie dla tych punktów określono: odległość od źródeł wody, skład i liczebność roślin zielnych (Fig. 1) oraz odległość od upraw (zbóż i wyki). Średnia liczebność turkawki wynosiła 1,25 ± 1,31 samców/punkt. Analizy wykazały, że największy wpływ na liczebność ptaków miała odległość od upraw (Tab. 3, 4, Fig. 2) oraz obfitość gatunków roślin zielnych, których nasiona wchodzą w skład lokalnej diety turkawek (Tab. 2, 4). Gatunkiem roślin zielnych, który dominował pod względem wielkości powierzchni, którą zajmował, był żmijowiec Echium plantagineum (Tab. 5). Nie wykazano istotnego wpływu odległości od źródeł wody na liczebność miejscowej populacji turkawki (Tab. 2, 3, 4), choć mogła mieć na to wpływ ogólnie wysoka dostępność wody na badanym obszarze. Autorzy konkludują, że w celu poprawy warunków bytowania turkawek należy promować uprawę zbóż/roślin strączkowych w pobliżu obszarów leśnych, na których gniazdują te ptaki, jak również stwarzać odpowiednie warunki do rozwoju tych gatunków roślin zielnych, które są ważne lokalnie w diecie tych ptaków, na przykład poprzez zarządzanie wypasem.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

foraging habitat; forest management; bird; European Turtle Dove; Streptopelia turtur; Mediterranean area; forest landscape; granivorous bird; grazing management; habitat restoration; weed seed; Echium plantagineum

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Ornithologica
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: 53
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.143-154,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Gutierrez-Galan A.

• Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain

autor

Sanchez A.L.

• Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain

autor

Gonzalez C.A.

• Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.3161/00016454AO2018.53.2.004