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Lamium album (Lamiaceae) is a herb used in therapy of various diseases. Oleanolic and urso­lic acid, bioactive triterpenes which often occur together in Lamiaceae family can influence the biological activity of this plant. A HPLC method with DAD detection was developed for the quantification of these compounds in L. albiflos. The best separation was achieved on RP18 column using mixture of acetonitrile, water and \% phosphoric acid (90:10:0.5 mNN) as a mobile phase, at 0.6 mlVmin flow rate and at a temperature of 10°C. Established calibration curve (r>0.999), precision (RSD values ranged from 0.2 % to 1.2 %), recovery (98.4-101.1 %), detection limit (0.12 /Jg/mL for oleanolic acid, 0.13/Jg/mL for ursolic acid) and quantification limit (0.42 /Jg/mL and 0.43 /Jg/mL, respectively) were found to be satis­factory for the proposed method. The determined contents of oleanolic and ursolic acid in L. albiflos were 33.9 /L/g/g and 112.3 ¿ig/g of dry herb, respectively.
A HPLC method with DAD detection for determination of melatonin in Lamium album flos was developed. The analysis was carried out on RP18 column using mixture of methanol and water (28:72 v/v) as a mobile phase. Established calibration curve (r>0.9994), precision (RDS values ranged from 0.5% to 1.5%), detection limit (0.025 μg/mL) and quantification limit (0.076 μg/mL) were found to be satisfactory for the proposed method. The determined content of melatonin in Lamium album flos was 0.15 μg/g of dry plant material.
Nitrate (III) and nitrate (V) often occur together in many environmental samples; however, high concentrations of other ions, especially chloride, make difficult the correct integration of the peaks. The newly obtained sorbent, based on silica gel modified with polyaniline, was successfully used as a solid phase in SPE technique to remove the undesirable matrix effect. Commercially available bottled water samples with various contents of mineral components after purification on SPE column were determined using an ion chromatograph DX-500 IC (Dionex USA) with a conductometric detector. As eluent, aqueous solution containing 3.5 mM (0.37 g/L) of Na₂CO₃ and 1 mM (0.084 g/L) of NaHCO₃ was used. Amounts of anions in all investigated samples of water ranged from 1.71 to 22.33 mg/L for nitrate (V) and 0.04-0.10 mg/L for nitrate (III). These values were within Polish standards.
Nowadays, the increasing tendency to use of herbs and herbal preparation is observed; however, one of the main problem is accumulation of hazardous contaminations in living organisms. In view of these facts, the analysis of toxic components including heavy metals in plants is particular importance. The contents of trace elements: Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Ni in medicinal plants collected in the region of Lublin were determined by use of ion chromatography method. The presence of these metals in various amounts was observed in all investigated herbs, however, nickel was found only in Vitis idaeae folium (0.0410 mg g⁻¹) and Polygonii herba (0.0137 mg g⁻¹). Fe and Mn occurred in the highest amount (1.5378 mg g⁻¹ in Polygonii herba and 1.1040 mg g⁻¹ in Vitis idaeae folium, respectively). The content of zinc ranged from 0.2541 mg g⁻¹ (Euphrasiae herba) to 0.0264 mg g⁻¹ (Equiseti herba). The smallest amount of copper was noted in Urticae folium (0.0046 mg g⁻¹) and the highest in Crataegi inflorescentia (0.0155 mg g⁻¹). The extraction of selected ions to water infusion depending on time and temperature was also determined however, only iron passed into water infusion in significant concentration. The highest percentage of extraction was obtained after 10 min. at 95º C.
The toxicity and biological activity of aqueous extracts of herbal medicine Naran N were investigated using human skin fibroblast cells culture (HSF) of 2 x 104 and 1 x 10s cells/ml densities. The herbal drag Naran N is composed of four herbs: Flos Calendulae, Folium Plantaginis lanceolatae, Anthodium Chamomillae, Herba Euphrasiae; it was elaborated in the Department of Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Falcuty of Medical University of Lublin (Poland) and distributed on permission ofthe Polish Department of Hygiene (PZH) in 2001. Naran N is produced by Dyspak (Dys near Lublin, Poland) on licence of the Medical University of Lublin (PL-409218-B,). The investigations in the Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnol­ogy of UMCS of Lublin have shown that the aqueous extract of Naran N stimulates the pro­liferation of HSF cells of 1 x TO5 cells/ml density, the viability of cells remained on the con­trol level. Similar viability was observed also for HSF culture of 2 x 10" cells/ml density. The results explain the healing activity of Naran N for chronic vascular diseases.
The content of phenolic acids was determined by high performance thin-layer chroma­tography and densitometry and by HPLC in herbal preparation Naran N elaborated in the Department of Chemistry of the Medical University in Lublin, Poland. Methanolic ex­tracts from plant components of Naran N: Anthodium Chamomillae, Herba Euphrasiae, Folium Plantaginis lanceolatae, Flos Calendulae were analysed. In the extract from Antho­dium Chamomillae protocatechuic, vanillic, ferulic, caffeic, chlorogenic and p-coumaric ac­ids were identified; in the extract from Herba Euphrasiae p-coumaric, ferulic, caffeic, protocatechuic, vanillic, chlorogenic and 3-hydroxybenzoic acids, in the methanolic ex­tract from Folium Plantaginis lanceolatae vanillic, p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, chlorogenic and protocatechuic acids were found; the same number of phenolic acids were detected in the methanolic extract of Flos Calendulae, these were p-coumaric, caffeic, syringic, chlorogenic, vanillic, protocatechuic and ferulic acids.
Tree saps are nourishing biological media commonly used for beverage and syrup production. Although the nutritional aspect of tree saps is widely acknowledged, the exact relationship between the sap composition, origin, and effect on the metabolic rate of human cells is still elusive. Thus, we collected saps from seven different tree species and conducted composition-activity analysis. Saps from trees of Betulaceae, but not from Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, nor Juglandaceae families, were increasing the metabolic rate of HepG2 cells, as measured using tetrazolium-based assay. Content of glucose, fructose, sucrose, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates, fumarates, malates, and succinates in sap samples varied across different tree species. Grade correspondence analysis clustered trees based on the saps’ chemical footprint indicating its usability in chemotaxonomy. Multiple regression modeling showed that glucose and fumarate present in saps from silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), black alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaertn.), and European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) are positively affecting the metabolic activity of HepG2 cells.
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