Postęp w rozwoju nowych technologii w przechowalnictwie warzyw

• Autorzy: Adamicki F.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Progress in development of vegetable storage technologies

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W pracy omówiono najnowsze osiągnięcia z zakresu technologii przechowywania warzyw obejmujące różne elementy technologii takie jak: kontrolowana atmosfera, zastosowanie różnego rodzaju opakowań, wykorzystanie 1-metylocy-klopropenu, ozonu, etylenu, gazów szlachetnych, jak również różnych sposobów pozbiorczego traktowania warzyw i wykorzystanie biologicznych preparatów do zwalczania patogenów chorobotwórczych. W ostatnim okresie duży postęp zanotowano w zakresie usprawnienia technologii przechowywania warzyw w kontrolowanej atmosferze poprzez zastosowanie generatorów kontrolowanej atmosfery, absorberów tlenu i dwutlenku węgla, ultraniskich koncentracji O₂ i CO₂ (ULO), dynamicznego systemu kontroli (DCS) warzyw przechowywanych w KA. Jednym z ważniejszych i całkowicie nowych elementów w technologii przechowywania było wdrożenie do praktyki przechowalniczej1-metylocyklopropenu (preparaty SmartFresh™ i EthylBloc™). Zastosowanie tych preparatów pozwala na częściowe zastąpienie kontrolowanej atmosfery lub też znaczną poprawę trwałości i jakości przechowywanych produktów ogrodniczych w normalnej i kontrolowanej atmosferze. Na uwagę zasługuje wdrożenie do praktyki nowoczesnych opakowań umożliwiających uzyskanie zmodyfikowanej atmosfery oraz jej utrzymanie na stałym poziomie przez cały okres składowania, co również przyczyniło się do obniżenia strat i poprawy jakości przechowywanych warzyw. Ciekawym i całkowicie nowym rozwiązaniem będącym na etapie badań ścisłych i wdrożeniowych jest wykorzystanie etylenu do zahamowania wyrastania przechowywanych warzyw i ziemniaków. Duży postęp w ostatnich latach zanotowano w opracowaniu sposobów pozbiorczego traktowania warzyw jak i wykorzystania nowych biologicznych, bezpiecznych dla środowiska środków przeciwko patogenem chorobotwórczym w przechowalnictwie.

EN

The paper describes the latest achievements in the area of vegetable storage technology relating to various elements of this technology such as the use of controlled atmosphere, various types of packaging, application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), ozone, ethylene, and noble gases, as well as various methods of post-harvest treatment of vegetables and the use of biological products for the control of postharvest diseases. In recent years, great progress has been made in improving the efficiency of the technology of storing vegetables in controlled atmosphere using the controlled atmosphere generators, oxygen and carbon dioxide absorbers, ultra-low concentrations of O₂ and CO₂ (ULO), and dynamic control systems (DCS) for vegetables stored in CA. One of the more important and entirely new elements in the storage technology was the introduction of 1-methylcyclopropene (products SmartFresh™ and EthylBloc™) to storage practice. The use of these products makes it possible to partly replace controlled atmosphere or else to considerably improve the storage life and quality of horticultural produce stored in normal and controlled atmosphere. The practical implementation of modern types of packaging that make it possible to obtain a modified atmosphere and maintain it at a constant level over the entire storage period, which also helped to reduce losses and improve the quality of stored vegetables is worth noticing. An interesting and entirely new solution still at the scientific research and implementation stages is the use of ethylene to prevent sprouting in stored vegetables and potatoes. A rapid progress in recent years has also been noted in the development of methods of post-harvest treatment of vegetables, as well as in the use of new biological, environmentally-safe products against disease pathogens in storage.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

warzywa; przechowalnictwo; nowe technologie; postep naukowo-techniczny; postep technologiczny; metody przechowywania; atmosfera kontrolowana; atmosfera modyfikowana; opakowania; etylen; ozon; 1-metylocyklopropen; traktowanie pozbiorcze

EN

vegetable; storage; new technology; scientific progress; technical progress; storage method; controlled atmosphere; modified atmosphere; packaging; ethylene; ozone; 1-Methylcyclopropene; postharvest treatment

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 527
• Opis fizyczny: s.15-27,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Adamicki F.

• Pracowania Przechowalnictwa i Fizjologii Rozbiorczej, Instytut Warzywnictwa im.E.Chroboczka, ul.Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100 Skierniewice

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