PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2016 | 53 |

Tytuł artykułu

Seasonal variability of carbon monoxide (CO) in the ambient environment of Imo State, Nigeria

Treść / Zawartość

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
The air qualities of four areas in Imo State with a total of twenty two locations were monitored for a period six months with respect to CO level using Gasman air monitor (Crowcon Instruments Ltd, England. The air quality monitoring was conducted in the morning, afternoon and evening hours within dry and wet seasons in order to elucidate the variability of this atmospheric pollutant in the study locations. The results obtained showed significant variation of the air pollutant in the morning, afternoon and evening including within the twenty four weeks, and between dry and wet seasons. The mean values of CO in the dry season are in the order Egbema > Okigwe > Owerri > Orlu, while the order for the mean CO level in wet season is Okigwe > Orlu > Egbema > Owerri. Elevated concentration of CO was observed in the study areas above 10 ppm, the Nigerian National ambient air quality standard. This observation calls for health and environmental concern. Hence, anthropogenic activities and fugitive emission sources of atmospheric pollutants such as increased vehicular traffic, biomass combustion, use of electric power generating sets, leakages from incinerators and flare stacks should be seriously monitored.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

53

Opis fizyczny

p.40-52,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor
  • Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
autor
  • Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
  • Department of Chemistry, Imo State University P.M.B 2000, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
autor
  • Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
autor
  • Department of Geology, Federal University of Technology 1526, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria

Bibliografia

  • [1] C.M.Wong, N.Vichit-Vadakan, H. Kan and Z. Qian Public Health and air pollution in Asia (PAPA): a multiplicity study of short-term effects of air pollution on mortality. Environ. Health Perspect. 116 (2008) 1195-1202.
  • [2] H. Kan, B .Chen and C. Hong, Health impact of outdoor air pollution in China: current knowledge and future research needs. Environ Health Perspect 117(5) (2009) 180 – 187.
  • [3] S.M. Hassan and M. E. Abdullahi, Evalluation of pollutants in ambient air; A case study of Abuja, Nigeria, Int. J. Sci. and Research 2(12) (2012) 1-9.
  • [4] S.C. Barman, G. C. Kisku, A.H. Khan, T. Ahmed, P Shukla., K. Ahmed, k.A. Singh, V. Gupta, P. Dubey, V. Shukla, R. Kumar and R. P. Mishra Assessment of Ambient Air Quality of Lucknow City during premonsoon, findings of a random survey, presented on World Environment Day, 5th June, 2012 CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India, (2012). 1-26.
  • [5] C.A. Pope, M.J. Thun, M. Namboodira, D.W. Dockery, J. S. Evans, Speizer F. E. and C.W. Health Jr., particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of US adults, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 151 (1995) 669–674.
  • [6] F. Laden, L.M. Neas, D.W. Dockery and J. Schwartz, Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. Cities. Environ. Health Perspect. 108 (2000) 941–947
  • [7] C.C. Tawari and J.F.N. Abowei, Air pollution in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria, Internat. J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sci., 1(2) (2012) 94-117.
  • [8] F. C. Ibe, P. C. Njoku, J. I. Alinnor and A.I. Opara, Evaluation of ambient air quality in parts of Imo state, Nigeria, Res. J. Chem. Sci. 6(1) (2016) 41-52.
  • [9] F. C. Ibe and B. O. Ibe Roof runoff water as source of pollution: A case study of some selected roofs in Orlu metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. International Letters of Natural Sciences, 50 (2016), 53 – 61.
  • [10] P.C. Njoku and F. C. Ibe, Heavy metal accumulation in electronic technicians in Owerri. JCSN, 34(1) (2009) 1- 4.
  • [11] B. Brunekreef and S.T. Holgate, Air Pollution and Health, Lancet, 360(9341) (2002) 1233-1242.
  • [12] S.M. Al-Salem and W.S. Bouhamrah, Ambient concentrations of benzene and other VOC's at typical industrial Sites in Kuwait and their Cancer Risk Assessment, Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 10(3) (2006) 42-46.
  • [13] F.C. Ibe, P.C. Njoku, J.I. Alinnor and A.I. Opara, Spatial Variation of NO2 and SO2 in the ambient environment of Imo State, Nigeria, IJSET,5(1) (2016) 33 – 46.
  • [14] J. A. Fisher, S. R. Wilson, G. Zeng, J. E. Williams, L. K. Emmons, R. L. Langenfelds, P. B. Krummel, and L. P. Steele, Seasonal changes in the tropospheric carbon monoxide profile over the remote Southern Hemisphere evaluated using multi-model simulations and aircraft observations Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15 (2015) 3217 - 3239.
  • [15] S. Ocak and F. S. Turalioglu,Effect of meteorology on the atmospheric concentrations of traffic- related pollutants in Erzurum, Turkey, J. Int. Environmental Application & Science, 3(5) (2008) 325-335.
  • [16] DEFRA (Department of Environment, Food and Rural Development) (2013) Effects of air pollution, DEFRA, UK http://airquality.defra.gov.uk, accessed 23/10/2015.
  • [17] S.E Manahan, Fundamentals of environmental chemistry CRC press LLC, Boca Raton, 2001.
  • [18] G. Myhre, D. Shindell, F.M. Bréon, W. Collins, J. Fuglestvedt, J. Huang, D. Koch, J.F.Lamarque, D. Lee, B. Mendoza, T. Nakajima, A. Robock, G. Stephens, T. Takemura,,and H. Zhang, Anthropogenic and natural anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing, in climate change 2013: The Physical science basis. Contribution of working group to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, in: T. Stocker, D. Qin, G.K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Be, and P. Midgley, (Eds) chap. 8, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, 2013
  • [19] V.P. Aneja, A. Agarwa., P.A. Roelle, S.B Philips., Q. Tong, N. Watkins, D.Yablonsky, Measurements and analysis of criteria pollutants in New Delhi, India. Environment International, 27 (2001) 35-42.
  • [20] S. H. Cadle, B. E. Croes, F. Minassian, M. Natarajan, E. J. Tierney and D. R. Lawson, Realworld vehicle emissions: A summary of the Thirteenth Coordinating Research Council on - road Vehicle Emissions Workshop. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 54(1) (2004) 18-23.
  • [21] S.C. Bhatia, Environmental chemistry, CBS publishers and distributors, New Delhi, 2002.
  • [22] T. Holloway, H. Levy and P. Kasibhathala, Global distribution of carbon monoxide, Geophysical research 105 (2000) 12123 – 12147.
  • [23] J. Wright, Environmental chemistry, Routledy (Taylor & Francis Group) London, 2003.
  • [24] Hydrogen sulphide, World Health Organization, Environmental Health criteria 2005, No 19, WHO Geneva. http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad53.pdf, accessed 15/12/15.
  • [25] V. S. Balogun, O. O. I. Orimoogunje, An assessment of seasonal variation of air pollution in Benin City, Southern Nigeria, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 5 (2015) 209-218.
  • [26] E.E. Ukpebor, J.E. Ukpebor, F. Eromomene, J.I. Odiase and D. Okoro, Spatial and Diurnal Variations of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Pollution from Motor Vehicles in an Urban Space. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,19 (2010) 817-823.
  • [27] S.V. Mikhailyuta, O.V. Taseiko and A.A. Lezhenin, Seasonal variations of the air pollutant concentrations for Krasnoyarsk non-uniform urban territory, Bull. Nov. Comp Center, Num.Model. in Atmosph., 11(2007) 25 – 42.
  • [28] C. O. Ogba and B. P. Utang , Air pollution climatology in spatial planning for sustainable development in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, TS 1D - Environment and land use planning, FIG working week 2009 Surveyor’s Key Role in Accelerated Development, 3-8 May, 2009, Eilat, Israel. https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/ fig_proceedings/ fig2009/ papers/ ts01d/ts01d_ogba_utang_3202.pdf accessed 19/12/15.
  • [29] B. Sengupta (Ed.), Guidelines for ambient air quality monitoring, National ambient air quality monitoring series, NAAQMS. Central pollution control board, Parivesh Bhawan, East Ajun Nagar, Delhi, April, 2003, http://www.cpcb.nic.in/newitems/7.pdf accessed 20/03/2014.
  • [30] D. Kim, J. Lee, C. K. Song, S. Kim, Y. Ma, K. Lee, J. Cha and S. Lee, Temporal and spatial distribution of tropospheric NO2 over Northeast Asia using OMI data during the years 2005–2010 Atmospheric Pollution Research 6 (2015) 768–777.
  • [31] S. A. Abdul-Wahab and W. S. Bouhamra, Diurnal variations of air pollution from motor vehicles in residential area, Int. J. Environ. Studies, 61(1) (2004) 73 - 98.
  • [32] P.W. Summers, The seasonal, weekly and daily cycles of atmospheric smoke contents in Central Montreal, J. Air Poll. Contr. Asso.,18(8) (1968), 123 - 135.
  • [33] S. h. Nagendra and M. Khare, Diurnal and seasonal variations of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in Delhi city, Int. J. Environment and pollution,19(1) (2003) 75 - 95.
  • [34] P. J. Temple and O. C. Taylor, World-wide ambient measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and implications for plant injury, Atmospheric Environment, 17(8) (1983) 1583 – 1587.
  • [35] O. Odeyemi and O.A. Ogunseitan, Petroleum Industry and its Pollution Potential in Nigeria. Oil and Petroleum Pollution, Applied Science, 2 (1985) 223-228.
  • [36] NNPC, (Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation) Nigerian National Petroleum Coperation, Monthly Petroleum Information, Lagos, Nigeria, September, 53 1984.
  • [37] FRN (Federal Republic of Nigeria), Official Gazette, Legal Notice on publication of the details of the Breakdown of the National and State Provisional total, 2006 Census.Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette, Government Notice No. 21, Lagos – Vol. 94. 15th May, 2007,
  • [38] I. F. Abam and G. O. Unachukwu, Vehicular emission and air quality standards of Nigeria, European Journal of of Science Research, 34(4) (2009), 550 – 560.
  • [39] E.A Ubuoh and S. M.O. Akhionbare, Effect of pig production on the ambient air quality of Egbeada in Mbaitoli LGA of Imo State, Nigeria, J. Sci. and Multidisciplinary Research, 3 (2011) 8-16.
  • [40] U.K. Okoro, W. Chen, T.C. Chineke and O.K. Nwofor, Recent monsoon rainfall characteristics over the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A causal link, IJSET, 3(2) (2014) 634 – 651.
  • [41] U.K. Okoro, W. Chen, T.C. Chineke and O.K. Nwofor, Comparative analysis of gridded datasets and gauge measurements of rainfall in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Research Journal of Environ. Sci., 8(7) (2014) 373–390.
  • [42] E. N. Verla, A. W. Verla and L. Ugwulor, Seasonal variation of heavy metals in playgrounds of public schools within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria, International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 50 (2015) 61-70.
  • [43] L. Johnson, M. Jamriska, L. Morawska and L Ferreira, Vehicle emissions in Australia: from monitoring to modelling, Advances in Transport, Urban Transport VI: Urban Transport and the Environment for the 21st Century, 6 (2000) 469-478.
  • [44] S. J. Ojolo, S. A. Oke, R. R. Dinrifo and F. Y. Eboda, A survey on the effects of vehicle emissions on human health in Nigeria, Journal of Rural and Tropical Public Health 6 (2007) 16 –23.
  • [45] J. N. Egwurugwu, A. Nwafor, P. Nwankpa, O. J. Olorufemi and J. E. Okwara, Prolong gas flaring and water quality in Obiakpu, Egbema Imo State Nigeria, International Research Journal of Environmental Science, 2(4) (2013) 1-5.
  • [45] E. B. Audu Gas Flaring: A catalyst to global warming in Nigeria, International Journal of Science and Technology 3(1) (2013) 6 - 10.
  • [47] A. de Souza, F. Aristones, G. B. M. Silva, W. A. Fernandes and C. Braga, TemporalVariation of the Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in the Center West of Brazil, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 4 (2014) 563-568.
  • [48] V. E. Weli and J.O. Ayoade, Seasonal analysis of atmospheric pollutants concentrations in urban and rural land use areas of Rivers State, Nigeria, International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research 2(3) (2014) 1-16.
  • [49] F.A. Akeredolu, A.F. Oluwole, E.A. Beliku andO.J. Ogunsola, Modelling of carbon monoxide concentration for motor vehicles travelling near roadway intersections in Lagos, Nigeria’ in Lagos, Nigeria’ the 2nd int’l conference on air pollution. Part 2 (2), Barcelona, 1994.
  • [50] A.M. Piotrowska, W. Kordylewski, J. Ciolek and K. Moscicki, Characterization of air pollutants emitted from biomass combustion in small retort boiler, Environ. Prot. Eng. 36(2) (2010) 123 - 131.
  • DOI References
  • [1] C.M. Wong, N. Vichit-Vadakan, H. Kan and Z. Qian Public Health and air pollution in Asia (PAPA): a multiplicity study of short-term effects of air pollution on mortality. Environ. Health Perspect. 116 (2008) 1195-1202. 10.1289/ehp.11257
  • [2] H. Kan, B . Chen and C. Hong, Health impact of outdoor air pollution in China: current knowledge and future research needs. Environ Health Perspect 117(5) (2009) 180 - 187. 10.1289/ehp.12737
  • [5] C.A. Pope, M.J. Thun, M. Namboodira, D.W. Dockery, J. S. Evans, Speizer F. E. and C.W. Health Jr., particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of US adults, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 151 (1995) 669-674. 10.1164/ajrccm.151.3.7881654
  • [6] F. Laden, L.M. Neas, D.W. Dockery and J. Schwartz, Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. Cities. Environ. Health Perspect. 108 (2000) 941-947. 10.1289/ehp.00108941
  • [9] F. C. Ibe and B. O. Ibe Roof runoff water as source of pollution: A case study of some selected roofs in Orlu metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. International Letters of Natural Sciences, 50 (2016), 53 - 61. 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.50.53
  • [11] B. Brunekreef and S.T. Holgate, Air Pollution and Health, Lancet, 360(9341) (2002) 1233- 1242. 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11274-8
  • [14] J. A. Fisher, S. R. Wilson, G. Zeng, J. E. Williams, L. K. Emmons, R. L. Langenfelds, P. B. Krummel, and L. P. Steele, Seasonal changes in the tropospheric carbon monoxide profile over the remote Southern Hemisphere evaluated using multi-model simulations and aircraft observations Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15 (2015). 10.5194/acp-15-3217-2015
  • [17] S. E Manahan, Fundamentals of environmental chemistry CRC press LLC, Boca Raton, (2001). 10.1002/ep.670210206
  • [19] V.P. Aneja, A. Agarwa., P.A. Roelle, S. B Philips., Q. Tong, N. Watkins, D. Yablonsky, Measurements and analysis of criteria pollutants in New Delhi, India. Environment International, 27 (2001) 35-42. 10.1016/s0160-4120(01)00051-4
  • [20] S. H. Cadle, B. E. Croes, F. Minassian, M. Natarajan, E. J. Tierney and D. R. Lawson, Realworld vehicle emissions: A summary of the Thirteenth Coordinating Research Council on - road Vehicle Emissions Workshop. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association 54(1) (2004). 10.1080/10473289.2004.10470882
  • [22] T. Holloway, H. Levy and P. Kasibhathala, Global distribution of carbon monoxide, Geophysical research 105 (2000) 12123 - 12147. 10.1029/1999jd901173
  • [25] V. S. Balogun, O. O. I. Orimoogunje, An assessment of seasonal variation of air pollution in Benin City, Southern Nigeria, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 5 (2015) 209-218. 10.4236/acs.2015.53015
  • [30] D. Kim, J. Lee, C. K. Song, S. Kim, Y. Ma, K. Lee, J. Cha and S. Lee, Temporal and spatial distribution of tropospheric NO2 over Northeast Asia using OMI data during the years 2005-2010 Atmospheric Pollution Research 6 (2015) 768-777. 10.5094/apr.2015.085
  • [31] S. A. Abdul-Wahab and W. S. Bouhamra, Diurnal variations of air pollution from motor vehicles in residential area, Int. J. Environ. Studies, 61(1) (2004) 73 - 98. 10.1080/0020723032000130034
  • [33] S. h. Nagendra and M. Khare, Diurnal and seasonal variations of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in Delhi city, Int. J. Environment and pollution, 19(1) (2003) 75 - 95. 10.1504/ijep.2003.002350
  • [34] P. J. Temple and O. C. Taylor, World-wide ambient measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and implications for plant injury, Atmospheric Environment, 17(8) (1983) 1583 - 1587. 10.1016/0004-6981(83)90311-6
  • [35] O. Odeyemi and O.A. Ogunseitan, Petroleum Industry and its Pollution Potential in Nigeria. Oil and Petroleum Pollution, Applied Science, 2 (1985) 223-228. 10.1016/s0143-7127(85)90218-2
  • [41] U.K. Okoro, W. Chen, T.C. Chineke and O.K. Nwofor, Comparative analysis of gridded datasets and gauge measurements of rainfall in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Research Journal of Environ. Sci., 8(7) (2014) 373-390. 10.3923/rjes.2014.373.390
  • [42] E. N. Verla, A. W. Verla and L. Ugwulor, Seasonal variation of heavy metals in playgrounds of public schools within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria, International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 50 (2015) 61-70. 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.50.61
  • [47] A. de Souza, F. Aristones, G. B. M. Silva, W. A. Fernandes and C. Braga, TemporalVariation of the Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in the Center West of Brazil, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 4 (2014) 563-568. 10.4236/acs.2014.44051

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.agro-f6f0c25e-ef9e-4422-99ca-2d22d46e7119
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.