EN
Poland is one of important partners of the European Union cereal market. In Poland, approximately 8.3 mln ha, of arable land is occupied by cereal crops including 2.2 mln of wheat. Wheat production is conditioned by numerous factors, land the most important are: the occurrence of pests and diseases, plant protection costs, environmental conditions and selling price of grain. The aim the study conducted at the Experimental Station in Grodzisk Mazowiecki in 2006–2010 was the assessment of wheat protection profitability against diseased caused by pathogenic fungi. To reduce the development and harmfulness of wheat diseases, two fungicide treatments were performed each vegetative season. The differences obtained in pathogens harmfulness were mainly related to diversified meteorological conditions during the experimental years. Fungicide treatments resulted in the increase of saved yield by 8.15 dt/ha, which was equivalent to 513 PLN/ha. The average costs of performed treatments amounted to 242 PLN/ha. Each year wheat protection costs were covered by the value of saved yield. The profit value ranged from 82–396 PLN/ha depending on selling price of wheat grain in a given year (48–82 PLN/dt). Therefore, all important factors affecting cereal production (crop location, variety choice, properly performed field work. threat monitoring, economic account) should be considered to improve the profitability of wheat production.