Resistance of cereals to soil-borne viruses

• Autorzy: Jezewska M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Odporność zbóż na wirusy odglebowe

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Wirusy odglebowe należące do rodzajów Bymovirus i Furovirus są patogenami zbóż, przenoszonymi przez pierwotniaka glebowego, Polymyxa graminis, powszechnie występującego w Azji, Ameryce Północnej i w Europie. W Europie spotykane są dwie wirozy odglebowe zbóż: żółta mozaika jęczmienia oraz odglebowa mozaika zbóż. Chemiczna metoda zwalczania choroby jest nieskuteczna ze względu na właściwości biologiczne P. graminis oraz niedopuszczalna w aspekcie ekologicznym. Jedynym sposobem ochrony roślin przed tymi wirozami pozostaje hodowla i uprawa odmian odpornych lub tolerancyjnych. Objawy żółtej mozaiki jęczmienia są wywoływane przez dwa spokrewnione ze sobą wirusy: żółtej mozaiki jęczmienia (Barley yellow mosaic virus, BaYMV) oraz łagodnej mozaiki jęczmienia (Barley mild mosaic virus, BaMMV), porażające wyłącznie jęczmień ozimy. Badania genetyczne doprowadziły do zidentyfikowania 16 genów odporności na wymienione wirusy. Wirus odglebowej mozaiki zbóż (Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus, SBCMV) poraża różne gatunki zbóż: pszenicę, pszenżyto, żyto i jęczmień. Wykazano, że istnieją różne mechanizmy odporności pszenicy na SBCMV.

EN

Soil-borne viruses, belonging to the genera Furovirus and Bymovirus, are serious pathogens of winter cereals, transmitted by rootinhabiting fungal-like plasmodiophorid Polymyxa graminis. The vector is widely spread through in Asia, North America and Europe. In Europe there are two main cereal diseases caused by soil-borne viruses: barley yellow mosaic and soil-borne cereal mosaic. Plant protection against this kind of viruses is based exclusively on the cultivation of resistant or tolerant cultivars, as chemical control remains ineffective regarding the biological properties of the vector and unacceptable from the ecological point of view. Symptoms of barley yellow mosaic are caused by two closely related viruses: Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV), which infect only winter barley. Genetic studies led to the identification of sixteen genes carrying the resistance feature to the barley yellow mosaic viruses in barley. Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV), the causal agent of soil-borne cereal mosaic, can infect different cereal species, including wheat, triticale, rye and barley. Investigations on the resistance of wheat to SBCMV revealed that diverse mechanisms are involved in the reaction of plants and final effect of infection is dependent on many factors including climatic conditions.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Progress in Plant Protection
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 52
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: s.155-159,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Jezewska M.

• Zakład Wirusologii i Bakteriologii, Instytut Ochrony Roślin – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, ul.Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań

Bibliografia

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