Resistance of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease and plants to soil contamination with zinc

• Autorzy: Borowik A. , Wyszkowska J. , Kucharski M. , Kucharski J.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Oporność dehydrogenaz, katalazy, ureazy i roślin na zanieczyszczenie gleby cynkiem

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Pot trials on growing plants were conducted in order to determine the resistance of dehydrogenases, catalase and urease as well as the plants themselves to soil contamination with zinc. The experimental variables were: the type of soil (loamy sand and sandy loam), degree of soil pollution with zinc from 0 to 600 mg Zn2+ kg-1 d.m., and plant species (oat, spring rape and yellow lupine). Samples of soil were tested to determine the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase and urease as well as its physicochemical properties. Based on the enzymatic activity of soil and the dry matter of harvested plants, the resistance of enzymes and each of the crops was determined to excessive amounts of zinc in soil with different grain-size distribution. It was concluded that zinc contamination significantly inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase and urease. With respect to their sensitivity to zinc, the enzymes were arranged in the following order: dehydrogenases > urease > catalase. The plant species and grain-size distribution of soil determined the resistance of the enzymes to zinc pollution. Dehydrogenases were most resistant to zinc in soil cropped with oat, urease – in soil under spring rape and catalase – in soil sown with yellow lupine. Dehydrogenases and urease were more resistant to the adverse influence of zinc in sandy loam than in loamy sand, contrary to catalase, which was less vulnerable in loamy sand than in sandy loam. Tolerance of plants to zinc pollution proved to be a species-specific characteristic. Yellow lupine was most sensitive to excess zinc in soil, while oat was most resistant to the said contamination out of the three examined plant species.

PL

W badaniach wegetacyjnych wazonowych, których celem było określenie oporności dehydrogenaz, katalazy i ureazy oraz roślin na zanieczyszczenie gleby cynkiem, czynnikami zmiennymi w doświadczeniu były: rodzaj utworu glebowego (piasek gliniasty i glina piaszczysta), stopień zanieczyszczenia gleby cynkiem (od 0 do 600 mg Zn2+ kg-1 s.m. gleby) oraz gatunek uprawianej rośliny (owies, rzepak jary i łubin żółty). W próbkach gleby określono aktywność dehydrogenaz, katalazy i ureazy oraz właściwości fizykochemiczne. Na podstawie aktywności enzymów oraz plonu suchej masy roślin określono oporność enzymów oraz poszczególnych gatunków roślin na nadmierne ilości cynku w glebach o zróżnicowanym składzie granulometrycznym. Stwierdzono, że zanieczyszczenie cynkiem hamuje istotnie aktywność dehydrogenaz, ureazy i katalazy. Enzymy pod względem wrażliwości na cynk uszeregowano następująco: dehydrogenazy > ureaza > katalaza. Gatunek roślin oraz skład granulometryczny gleby determinował oporność enzymów na zanieczyszczenie cynkiem. Dehydrogenazy najbardziej oporne na negatywne działanie cynku były w glebie pod uprawą owsa, ureaza – rzepaku jarego, a katalaza – łubinu żółtego. Dehydrogenazy i ureaza są bardziej oporne na działanie cynku w glinie piaszczystej niż w piasku gliniastym, a katalaza odwrotnie – bardziej oporna w piasku gliniastym niż w glinie piaszczystej. Wrażliwość roślin na zanieczyszczenie cynkiem okazała się być cechą gatunkową. Spośród badanych roślin najbardziej wrażliwy na nadmiar cynku w glebie był łubin żółty, a najmniej – owies.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 19
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.929-946,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Borowik A.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl.Lodzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Wyszkowska J.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl.Lodzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Kucharski M.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl.Lodzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Kucharski J.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl.Lodzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5601/jelem.2013.18.4.566