Operation of attention disengagement and its diurnal variability

• Autorzy: Fafrowicz M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In recent decades new neuroimaging techniques, especially positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance, have enabled us to identify attentional brain mechanisms underlying orienting processes. It was found that the posterior parietal lobes disengage attention from its primary focus, then the superior colliculus move the attention index to the expected target location, and finally the pulvinar is involved in reading out data from the target. In the study effects of the time of day on the attention disengagement operation were investigated. The study was performed on 27 young men. Their ages ranged from 19 to 27. The covert attention paradigm to measure location- and object-based attention shifts was used. Saccadic reaction time was measured as an indicator of the disengagement operation. The reaction times were registered in four different experimental conditions, and at three different times of day. The saccades were registered using an infrared corneal reflection recording techniąues with spatial resolution of 5 min. of arc and time accuracy of 10 ms. The eye movement registration system Ober 2-duo was used. Using ANOVA for repeated measures, a strong diurnal effect was found on the efficiency of the attention disengagement operation.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Ergonomia
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: 28
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.13-31,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Fafrowicz M.

• Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

Bibliografia

• Adan A, 1993, Circadian variations in psychological measures: a new classification. Chronobiologia, 20, 145-162.
• Becker W, 1989, Metrics. [in:] Wurtz RW and Goldberg ME (eds.) The neurobiology of saccadic eye movements. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
• Braun D, Breitmayer BG, 1988, Relationship between directed visual attention and saccadic reaction times. Experhnental Brain Research, 73, 546-552.
• Bruce C, Goldberg M, 1984, Physiology of the frontal eye fields. Trends in Neuroscience, 7, 436- 441.
• Colquhoun WP, 1971, Circadian variations in mental efficiency. [in:] Colquhoun WP (ed.) Biological rhythms and human performance. Academic Press, London.
• Corbera X, Grau C, Vendrell P, 1993, Diurnal oscillations in hemispheric performance. Journal of Clinical Experimental Neuropsychology, 15, 300-310.
• Corbetta M, Miezin FM, Shulman GL, Peterson SE, 1993, A PET study of visuospatial attention. Journal of Neuroscience, 13, 1202-1226.
• Fąfrowicz M, Marek T, Noworol C, 1993, Changes in attentional disengagement process under repetitive visual discrete tracking task measured by occulographical index. [in:] Maras WS, Karwowski W, Smith JS, Pacholski L (eds.) The ergonomics of manual work. Taylor & Francis, London.
• Fąfrowicz M, Unrug-Neervoort A, Marek T, van Euijtelaar G, Coenen A, Noworol C, 1995, Effects of diazepam and buspirone on reaction time of saccadic eye movements. Biological Psychology/ Pharmacopsychology, 32, 156-160.
• Fischer B, Boch R,1983, Saccadic eye movements after extremely short reaction times in the monkey. Brain Research, 260, 21-26.
• Fischer B, Breitmeyer B, 1987, Mechanisms of visual attention revealed by saccadic eye movements. Neuropsychology, 25 (IA), 73-84.
• Fischer B, Ramsperger E, 1984, Human express saccades: extremely short reaction times of goal directed eye movements. Experimental Brain Research, 57, 191-195.
• Fischer B, Ramsperger E, 1986, Human express saccades: effects of daily practice and randomization. Experimental Brain Research, 64, 569-578.
• Fischer B, Weber H, 1993, Express saccades and visual attention. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 553-610.
• Folkard S, 1996, Effects on performance efficiency. [in:] Colquhoun WP, Costa G, Folkard, S, Knauth P (eds.) Shiftwork. Problems and Solutions. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main.
• Folkard S, Monk TH, 1980, Circadian rhythms in human memory. British Journal of Psychology, 71, 295-307.
• Folkard S, Monk TH, 1983, Chronopsychology: Circadian rhythms and human performance, [in:] Gale A, Edwards J (eds.) Psychological correlates of human behavior. Academic Press, London.
• Gates Al, 1916, Variations in efficiency during the day, together with practice effects, sex differences and correlations. University Publications in Psychology, 2, 1-156.
• Heilman K, Watson R, Valenstein E, 1993, Neglect and related disorders. [in:] Heilman K, Valenstein E (eds.) Clinical neuropsychology. Oxford University Press, New York.
• Hockey GRJ, Davies S, Gray MM, 1972, Forgetting as a function of sleep at different times of day. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 24, 386-393.
• Laird DA, 1925, Relative performance of college students as conditioned by time of day and day of week. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 8, 50-63.
• Marek T, Fąfrowicz M, 1995, The basis of creative visual perception. [in:] Maruszewski T, Nosal C. (eds.) Creative Information Processing - cognitive models. Eburon Publisher, Delft.
• Marek T, Fąfrowicz M, Pokorski J, 2004, Mechanisms of visuai attention and driver error. Ergono¬mia: An International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 26 (3), 201-208.
• Mayfrank L, Mobashery M, Kimming H, Fischer B, 1986, The role of fixation and visual attention in the occurrence of express saccades in man. European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Science, 235, 269-275.
• Oakhill JV, 1986, Effects of time of day and information importance on adults memory for a short story. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 419-430.
• Owens DS, Macdonald I, Tucker P, Sytnik, N, Minors D, Waterhouse J, Totterdell P, Folkard S, 1998, Diurnal trends and performance do not parallel alertness. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health, 24, 109-114.
• Posner MI, 1978, Chronometric exploration of mind. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NY.
• Posner MI, 1988, Structures and functions of selective attention. [in:] Boli T, Bryant B (eds.) Master lectures in clinical and brain function: research, measurement and practice. American Psychological Association, Washington DC.
• Posner MI, Cohen Y, 1984, Components of performance, [in:] Bouma H, Bowhuis D (eds.) Attention and Performance X. Erlbaum, Hilsdale, NJ.
• Posner MI, Petersen SE, 1990, The attention system of the human brain. Annual Reviews of Neuroscience, 13, 25-42.
• Posner MI, Raichle ME, 1994, Images of mind. HPHLP, New York.
• Rafał R, Robertson L, 1996, The neurology of visual attention. [in:] Gazzaniga MS (ed.) The cognitive neuroscience. A Bradford Book The MIT Press, Cambridge.
• Rayner K, 1978, Eye movements in reading and information processing. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 618-660.
• Remington R, 1980, Attention and saccadic eye movements. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Perception and Performance, 6, 726-744.
• Saslow MG, 1967a, Effects of components of displacement step stimuli upon latency for saccadic eye movements. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 57, 1024-1029.
• Saslow MG, 1967b, Latency for saccadic eye movements. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 57, 1030-1033.
• Weber H, Aiple F, Fischer B, Latanov A, 1992, Dead zone for express saccades. Experimental Brain, 89, 214-222.
• Waterhouse JM, Minors DS, Waterhouse ME, 1990, Your body clock. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York.
• Winch WH, 1912, Mental fatigue in day school children as measured by immediate memory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 3, 18-28.

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu