The impact of the meteorological factors on the calculation of crops water consumption and vertical moisture exchange in soil

• Autorzy: Mazhayskiy Y.A. , Brys K. , Guseva T.M. , Pavlov A.A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ czynników naturalnych na obliczanie zużycia wody przez rośliny uprawne oraz pionową wymianę wilgoci w glebie

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Aim of the study The aim of the work was to develop methods for calculating water consumption of plants and vertical moisture exchange, focusing on the impact of meteorological factors upon the agricultural conditions of reclaimed soils. Material and methods The methods of Shebeko, Rogotskiy and Pylenok, which are commonly used in Russia, were assumed as the basis of the study. The research was carried out on an ecological landfill created in the Oka river basin near Riazań (central part of the Russian Plain). The empirical data of agro-climatologic, radiation, lysimetric and soil moisture measurements in the period from the beginning of May to the end of September during the years 1981–2018 were taken into account in the conducted analyses. Processing of research materials was carried out using such methods as analysis of variance, calculation of statistical characteristics of the sample, linear correlation. The analysis of the influence of meteorological factors on the water balance of soil with three agricultural crops: lupine, potatoes, and oats was conducted in the 16 weeks following the time of sowing (planting) the crops in the field. Results and conclusions Such investigated temporal dynamics of water consumption has pointed to strong correlations of this consumption with radiation balance, saturation deficit, and bioclimatic coefficients of the agricultural crops. The new coefficients were proposed, providing more precision than the studies conducted previously in Russia, applied in the methods of calculating water consumption and vertical moisture exchange. There exists a need to calculate the optimum irrigation regime of drained soils, and to plan the regime for complex land reclamation, including technologically contaminated lands.

PL

Cel pracy Celem pracy było doskonalenie metod obliczania konsumpcji wody przez rośliny oraz pionowej wymiany wilgoci w glebie, brano pod uwagę wpływ czynników meteorologicznych w agrokulturowych warunkach zrekultywowanych gleb. Materiał i metody Jako podstawę badań przyjęto powszechnie stosowane w Rosji metody Shebeko, Rogotskiya i Pylenoka. Badania przeprowadzono na ekologicznym składowisku odpadów w zlewni rzeki Oka, koło Riazania (centralna część Równiny Rosyjskiej). Do analiz wykorzystano dane empiryczne z pomiarów agroklimatycznych, radiacyjnych, lizymetrycznych i wilgotności gleby wykonanych od początku maja do końca września w latach 1961–2018. W przeprowadzonych analizach wykorzystano takie metody jak analiza wariancji, obliczanie statystycznych charakterystyk próbki badawczej i korelację liniową. Przedstawiono analizę wpływu czynników meteorologicznych na bilans wodny gleby z trzema uprawami rolniczymi: łubin, ziemniaki, owies dla kolejnych 16 tygodni od czasu siewu (sadzenia) tych upraw. Wyniki i wnioski Tak badana dynamika czasowa konsumpcji wody wskazała na silne związki korelacyjne tej konsumpcji z bilansem radiacyjnym, niedosytem wilgotności powietrza oraz z bioklimatycznymi współczynnikami badanych upraw. Zaproponowano nowe, dokładniejsze niż dotychczas wyprowadzone w Rosji współczynniki dla wykorzystanych metod obliczania konsumpcji wody i pionowej wymiany wilgoci. Potrzebne są do uzyskania optymalnego reżimu irygacyjnego dla drenowanych gleb i w planowaniu tego reżimu dla kompleksowych systemów rekultywacji, w tym terenów skażonych technologicznie.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 19
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.3-12,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Mazhayskiy Y.A.

• Meshcherskiy Branch, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution VNIIGiM named after A.N. Kostyakova, Meshcherskaya st.1a, 390-021 Ryazan, Russia

autor

Brys K.

• Institute of Environmental Protection and Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Guseva T.M.

• FSBEI HE, Ryazan State Medical University, Visokovoltnaya st. 9, 390-026 Ryazan, Russia

autor

Pavlov A.A.

• Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, Kostycheva st.1, 390-044 Ryazan, Russia,

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