The effect of water shortage on pea (Pisum sativum L.) productivity in relation to the pod position on the stem

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ zmiennych opadów na produktywność strąków z uwzględnieniem ich położenia na pędach grochu (Pisum sativum L.)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The literature contains few studies on the effect of temporary soil drought on the development and productivity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) pods in relation to their position in the fruiting part of the stem. The aim of this study was to evaluate pod productivity of various pea cultivars in relation to varied weather conditions. Differences in precipitation during two growing seasons resulted in a decrease in yield of 0.62 t ha−1 in a dry year in comparison to a year with better water availability. Pisum sativum ‘Tarchalska’ proved to be the most stable in terms of the number of pods produced, whilst ‘Prophet’ was the least. Weather conditions and cultivars were the determinants of pod production. Pea pods were distinguished by their position on the productive node. Larger and more productive pods were found on the lowest four productive nodes (which had a longer period of nutrient accumulation) resulting in higher seed mass. Productivity increased in the year with favorable weather conditions, as more of the upper nodes were reproductive. The first four nodes produced 45–91% of the yield. The number of seeds in the first three nodes was significantly cultivar-dependent, whereas the number of seeds in pods at all nodes was determined by weather conditions. Significantly more seeds were formed from each node in the wetter year. Pisum sativum ‘Audit’ was not sensitive to weather conditions, producing the same yield in the both years of the study.

PL

W piśmiennictwie spotyka się mało pozycji literatury dotyczącej wpływu okresowej suszy i posuchy na rozwój i produkcyjność strąków grochu w zależności od biosocjalnego położenia w części owocującej pędu. Dlatego celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena produktywności różnych odmian grochu na tle zróżnicowanych warunków pogody. Zróżnicowanie opadów w sezonach wegetacyjnych skutkowało zmniejszeniem plonowania w roku suchym o 0.62 t ha−1. Najbardziej stabilna w ilości wykształcanych strąków była odmiana ‘Tarchalska’, a najmniej odmiana ‘Prophet’. Warunki pogody miały wpływ na biosocjalne położenie strąków na pędzie, a w konsekwencji na potencjał produkcyjny strąków. Cztery pierwsze okółki zapewniały od 45 do 91% plonu. Właściwości botaniczno-rolnicze odmian decydowały o liczbie nasion pochodzących z dolnych okółków (1–4). Liczba nasion w strąkach zawiązanych z kwiatów wyższych okółków była determinowana warunkami pogody. W roku bardziej wilgotnym formowało się istotnie więcej nasion z każdego okółka. Odmiana ‘Audit’ odznaczała się wysoką stabilnością plonowania w latach badań.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Agrobotanica
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 70
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: Article 1719 [12p.], fig.,ref.

Twórcy

Bibliografia

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5586/aa.1719