Multituberculate mammals from near the Early-Late Cretaceous boundary, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah

• Autorzy: Eaton J G , Cifelli R.L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Herein we describe the oldest well-sampled multituberculate assemblage from the Cretaceous of North America. The fauna is dated at 98.37 Ma and thus approximates the Albian-Cenomanian (Early-Late Cretaceous) boundary. The multituberculate fauna is diverse. Two of the multituberculates (Janumys erebos gen. et sp. n. and an unidentified taxon) are provisionally placed among 'Plagiaulacida'. Another taxon, Ameribaatar zofiae gen. et sp. n., is of uncertain subordinal affinities. The remaining multituberculates appear to represent the advanced suborder Cimolodonta and fall within the 'Paracimexomys group'. We rediagnose Paracimexomys on the basis of the type species, P. priscus, and refer to other species as cf. Paracimexomys (including cf. P. perplexus sp. n.). A revised diagnosis is also provided for Cenomanian Dakotamys. A previously-described species from the Cedar Mountain Formation is placed in Cedaromys gen. n. as C. bestia, together with C. pawus sp. n. Bryceomys is represented in the fauna by B. intermedius sp. n. Relationships of Paracimexomys-group to later taxa remain obscure. However, Bryceomys and Cedaromys share a number of features with Cimolodontidae. Given these resemblances, together with the fact that Cimolodontidae retain certain plesiomorphies (stout lower incisor, gigantoprismatic enamel) with respect to Ptilodontoidea (to which they are commonly referred), we suggest that Cimolodontidae may have arisen from a clade within the 'Paracimexomys group', independent of ptilodontoids.

PL

W pracy opisano najstarszy dobrze opróbowany zespół zębów wieloguzkowców (Multituberculata) z kredy Ameryki Północnej. Fauna formacji Cedar Mountain jest datowana na 98,37 mln lat temu, a więc pochodzi mniej więcej z granicy albu i cenomanu (a więc przełomu wczesnej i późnej kredy). Fauna wieloguzkowców jest zróżnicowana. Dwa z nich (Janumys erebos gen. et sp. n. oraz nieoznaczony takson) tymczasowo zaliczono do ,,Plagiaulacida". Kolejny takson, Ameribaatar zofiae gen. et sp. n., ma niejasną przynależność na szczeblu podrzędu. Wydaje się, że pozostałe wieloguzkowce reprezentują, zaawansowany podrząd Cimolodonta i należałoby je umieścić w ,,grupie Paracimexomys". Diagnoza Paracimexomys została zrewidowana na podstawie gatunku typowego, P. priscus, toteż inne gatunki potraktowano jako cf. Paracimexomys (w tym cf. P. perplexus sp. n.). Zrewidowaną diagnozę uzyskał także cenomański Dakotamys. Opisany juz wcześniej z formacji Cedar Mountain gatunek umieszczony został w nowym rdozaju Cedaromys jako C. bestia, obok C. parvus sp. n. Bryceomys reprezentowany jest w opisywanej faunie przez B. intermedius sp. n. Niejasne pozostają pokrewieństwa między grupą Paracimexomys a późniejszymi taksonami. Bryceomys i Cedaromys mają jednak wiele cech wspólnych z rodziną Cimolodontidae. Ze względu na owe podobieństwa, a także na zachowanie przez Cimolodontidae pewnych plezjomorfii (masywny dolny siekacz, gigantopryzmatczne szkliwo) nieobecnych u Ptilodontoidea (do których się je zwykle zalicza), sugerujemy, ze Cimolodontidae mogły się wyodrębnić z kladu w obrębie ,,grupy Paracimexomys", niezależnie od ptilodontoidów.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

multituberculate; Utah; mammal; Cretaceous; Cedar Mountain Formation; Multituberculata; North America; multituberculate mammal; paleontology; Cimolodonta

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: 46
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.453-518,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Eaton J G

• Weber State University, Ogden, UT 84408-2507, USA

autor

Cifelli R.L.

Bibliografia

• Ameghino, F. 1890. Los plagiaulácidos Argentinos y sus relaciones zoológicas, geológicas y geográficas. - Boletin del Instituto Geográfico Argentino 11, 143-208.
• Archibald, J.D. 1982. A study of Mammalia and geology across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Garfield County, Montana. - University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 122, 1-286.
• Carlson, S.J. & Krause, D.W. 1985. Enamel ultrastructure of multituberculate mammals: an investigation of variability. - The University of Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology 27, l-50.
• Cifelli, R.L. 1997. First notice on Mesozoic mammals from Oklahoma. - Oklahoma Geology Notes, Oklahoma Geological Survey 57, 4-17.
• Cifelli, R.L., Eberle, J.J., Lofgren, D.L., Lillegraven, J.A., & Clemens, W.A. (in press). Mammalian biochronology of the latest Cretaceous in North America. In: M.O. Woodburne (ed.), Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Cifelli, R.L., Kirkland, J.I., Weil, A., Deino, A.L., & Kowallis, B.J. 1997. High-precision ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Arg eochronology and the advent of North America's Late Cretaceous terrestrial fauna. -Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 94, 11163-11167.
• Cifelli, R.L. & Madsen, S.K. 1999. Spalacotheriid symmetrodonts (Mammalia) from the medial Cretaceous (upper Albian or lower Cenomanian) Mussentuchit local fauna, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA. - Geodiversitas 21, 167-214.
• Cifelli, R.L., Madsen, S.K., & Larson, E.M. 1996. Screenwashing and associated techniques for the recovery of microvertebrate fossils. In: R.L. Cifelli (ed.), Techniques for Recovery and Preparation of Microvertebrate Fossils. - Oklahoma Geological Survey Special Publication 96-4, 1-24.
• Cifelli, R.L., Nydam, R.L., Weil, A., Gardner, J.D., Kirkland, J.I., Eaton, J.G., & Madsen, S.K. 1999. Vertebrate fauna of the upper Cedar Mountain Formation (Cretaceous; Albian-Cenomanian), Emery County: the Mussentuchit local fauna. In: D.D. Gillette (ed.), Vertebrate Fossils of Utah, 219-242. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1, Salt Lake City.
• Clemens, W. A. 1963. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming: part I. Introduction and Multituberculata. - University of California, Publications in Geological Sciences 94, 1-102.
• Clemens, W.A. & Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1979. Multituberculata. In: J.A. Lillegraven, Z. Kielan-Jaworowska, & W.A. Clemens (eds.), Mesozoic Mammals - The First Two-thirds of Mammalian History, 99-1 49. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Clemens, W.A., Lillegraven, J.A., Lindsay, E.H., & Simpson, G.G. 1979. Where, when, and what - a survey of known Mesozoic mammal distribution. In: J.A. Lillegraven, Z. Kielan-Jaworowska, & W.A. Clemens (eds.), Mesozoic Mammals- The First Two-thirds of Mammalian History, 7-58. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Cope, E.D. 1884. The Tertiary Marsupialia. -American Naturalist 18, 686-697.
• Csiki, Z. & Grigorescu, D. 2000. Teeth of multituberculate mammals from the Late Cretaceous of Romania. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45, 85-90.
• Eaton, J.G. 1995. Cenomanian and Turonian (early Late Cretaceous) multituberculate mammals from southwestern Utah. -Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15, 761-784.
• Eaton, J.G. 1999. Vertebrate paleontology of the Iron Springs Formation, Upper Cretaceous, southwestern Utah. In: D.D. Gillette (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah, 339-343. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1, Salt Lake City.
• Eaton, J.G., Cifelli, R.L., Hutchison, J.H., Kirkland, J.I., & Parrish, J.M. 1999. Cretaceous vertebrate faunas from the Kaiparowits Plateau. In: D.D. Gillette (ed.), Vertebrate Fossils of Utah, 345-354. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1, Salt Lake City.
• Eaton, J.G. & Nelson, M.E. 1991. Multituberculate mammals from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain formation, San Rafael Swell, Utah. - Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 29, 1-12.
• Flynn, L.J. 1986. Late Cretaceous mammal horizons from the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. -American Museum Novitates 2845, 1-30.
• Fox, R. C. 1971. Early Campanian multituberculates (Mammalia: Allotheria) from the upper Milk River Formation, Alberta. - Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 8, 916-938.
• Fox, R.C. 1989. The Wounded Knee local fauna and mammalian evolution near the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Saskatchewan, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 208, 11-59.
• Fox, R.C. 1999. The monophyly of the Taeniolabidoidea (Mammalia: Multituberculata). In: H.A. Leanza (ed.), Abstracts VII International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, 26. Buenos Aires.
• Gambarayan, P.P. & Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1995. Masticatory musculature of Asian taeniolabidid multituberculate mammals. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40,45-108.
• Gingerich, P.D. 1974. Size variability of the teeth in living mammals and the diagnosis of closely related sympatric fossil species. - Journal of Paleontology 48, 895-903.
• Gill, T.N. 1872. Arrangement of the families of mammals, with analytical tables. - Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 230, 1-98.
• Gradstein, F.M., Agterberg, F.P., Ogg, J.G., Hardenbol, J., van Veen, P., Thiery, J., & Huang, Z. 1994. A Mesozoic time scale. -Journal of Geophysical Research 99, 24, 051-24, 074.
• Gradstein, F.M., Agterberg, F.P., Ogg, J.G., Hardenbol, J., van Veen, P., Thierry, J., & Huang, Z. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous time scale. In: W.A. Berggren, D.V. Kent, M.-P. Aubrey, & J. Hardenbol (eds.), Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, 95-126. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication, Tulsa.
• Hahn, G. & Hahn, R. 1992. Neue Multituberculates -Zähne aus der Unter-Kreide (Barremian) von Spanien (Calve und Uña). - Geologica et Palaeontologica 28, 143-162.
• Hahn, G. & Hahn, R. 1999. Pinheirodontidae n. fam. (Multituberculata) (Mammalia) aus der tiefen Unter-Kreide Portugals. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 253, 77-222.
• Jepsen, G.L. 1940. Paleocene faunas of the Polecat Bench Formation, Park County, Montana. -Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 83, 217-341.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1970. New Upper Cretaceous multituberculate genera from Bayn Dzak, Gobi Desert. Results of the Polish-Mongolian palaeontological expeditions. Part II. - Palaeontologia Polonica 21,35-49.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1974. Multituberculate succession in the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia). Results of the Polish-Mongolian palaeontological expeditions. Part V. - Palaeontologia Polonica 30, 23-44.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Dashzeveg, D. 1978. New Late Cretaceous mammal locality in Mongolia and a description of a new multituberculate. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 23, 115-130.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., Dashzeveg, D., & Trofimov, B.A. 1987. Early Cretaceous multituberculates from Mongolia and a comparison with Late Jurassic forms. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 32, 3-47.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Ensom, P.C. 1992. Multituberculate mammals from the Upper Jurassic Purbeck Limestone Formation of southern England. - Palaeontology 35,95-126.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Gambarayan, P.P. 1994. Postcranial anatomy and habits of Asian multituberculate mammals. - Fossils and Strata 36, 1-92.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Hurum, J. H. 1997. Djadochtatheria- a new suborder of rnultituberculate mammals. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 42, 201-242.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Hurum, J. 2001. Phylogeny and systematics of multituberculate mammals. - Palaeontology 44, 389-429.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Nessov, L.A. 1992. Multituberculate mammals from the Cretaceous of Uzbekistan. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 37, 1-17.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Sloan, R.E. 1979. Catopsalis (Multituberculata) from Asia and North America and the problem of taeniolabidoid dispersal in the Late Cretaceous. - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 24, 187-197.
• Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. & Sochava, A.V. 1969. The first multituberculate from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia). - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 14, 355-371.
• Kirkland, J.I., Britt, B., Burge, D.L., Carpenter, K., Cifelli, R., Decourten, F.L., Eaton, J.G., Hasiotis, S., & Lawton, T. 1997. Lower to middle Cretaceous dinosaur faunas of the central Colorado Plateau: a key to understanding 35 million years of tectonics, sedimentology, evolution and biogreography. - Brigham Young University Geology Studies 42, part II,69-103.
• Kirkland, J.I., Cifelli, R.L., Britt, B.B., Burge, D.L., DeCourten, F.L., Eaton, J.G., & Parrish, J.M. 1999. Distribution of vertebrate faunas in the Cedar Mountain Formation, east-central Utah. In: D.D. Gillette (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah, 201-218. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99- 1, Salt Lake City.
• Krause, D.W. 1982. Jaw movement, dental function, and diet in the Paleocene multituberculate Ptilodus. - Paleobiology 8, 265-281.
• Krause, D.W. & Carlson, S.J. 1987. Prismatic enamel in rnultituberculate mammals: tests of homology and polarity. -Journal of Mammalogy 68,755-765.
• Krause, D.W., Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., & Bonaparte, J.F. 1992. Ferugliotherium Bonaparte, the first known multituberculate from South America. - Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12, 351-376.
• Lillegraven, J.A. 1969. Latest Cretaceous mammals of upper part of Edmonton Formation of Alberta, Canada, and review of marsupial-placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution. - Paleontological Contributions, University of Kansas 50 (Vertebrata 12), 1-122.
• Lillegraven, J. A. & McKenna, M. C. 1986. Fossil mammals from the 'Mesaverde' Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-mammal 'ages'. - American Museum Novitates, 2840, 1-68.
• Lofgren, D.L. 1995, The Bug Creek problem and the Cretaceous-Tertiary transition at McGuire Creek, Montana. - University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 140, 1-185.
• McKenna, M.C. 1975. Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia. In: W.P. Luckett & F.S. Szalay (eds.), Phylogeny of the Primates, 21-46. Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York.
• Montellano, M. 1992. Mammalian fauna of the Judith River Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian), northcentral Montana. - University of California, Publications in Geological Sciences 136, 1-115.
• Montellano, M., Weil, A., & Clemens, W.A. 2000. An exceptional specimen of Cimexomys judithae (Mammalia: Multituberculata) from the Campanian Two Medicine Formation of Montana, and the phylogenetic status of Cimexomys. -Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20,333-340.
• Nelson, M.E. & Crooks, D.M. 1987. Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), eastern Emery County, Utah. In: W.R. Averett (ed.), Paleontology and Geology of the Dinosaur Triangle, 55-63. Museum of Western Colorado, Grand Junction.
• Obradovich, J. 1993. A Cretaceous time scale. In: W.G.E. Caldwell & E.G. Kauffman (eds.), Evolution of the Western Interior Basin, 379-396. Geological Association of Canada.
• Rougier, G.W., Novacek, M.J., & Dashzeveg, D.D. 1997. A new multituberculate from the Late Cretaceous locality Ukhaa Tolgod, Mongolia. Considerations on multituberculate interrelationships. -American Museum of Natural History Novitates 3191, 1-26.
• Rougier, G.W., Wible, J.R., & Novacek, M.J. 1996. Middle-ear ossicles of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata): implications for mammaliamorph relationships and evolution of the auditory apparatus. -American Museum Novitates 3187, 1-43.
• Sahni, A. 1972. The vertebrate fauna of the Judith River Formation, Montana. -Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147, 321-412.
• Simmons, N.B. 1993. Phylogeny of Multituberculata. In: F.S. Szalay, M.J. Novacek, & M.C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny, Volume 1: Mesozoic Differentiation, Multituberculates, Monotremes, Early Therians, and Marsupials, 146-164. Springer-Verlag, New York.
• Simpson, G.G. 1925. A Mesozoic mammal skull fromMongolia. American Museum Novitates 201, l-11.
• Simpson, G.G. 1929. American Mesozoic Mammalia. -Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Yale University 3, 1-235.
• Sloan, R.E. & Van Valen, L. 1965. Cretaceous mammals from Montana. - Science 148,220-227.
• Stokes, W.L. 1944. Morrison Formation and related deposits in and adjacent to the Colorado Plateau. - Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 55, 951-952.
• Stokes, W.L. 1952. Lower Cretaceous in Colorado Plateau. -Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 36, 1766-1776.
• Storer, J.E. 1991. The mammals of the Gryde local fauna, Frenchman Formation (Maastrichtian: Lancian), Saskatchewan. -Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11,350-369.
• Tschudy, R.H., Tschudy, B.D., & Craig, L.C. 1984. Palynological evaluation of the Cedar Mountain and Burro Canyon formations, Colorado Plateau. - United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1281, l-21.
• Weil, A. 1992. The Terlingua local fauna: stratigraphy, paleontology, and multituberculate systematics. Unpublished MS. thesis. 118 pp. University of Texas, Austin.
• Weil, A. 1999. Multituberculate phylogeny and mammalian biogeography in the Late Cretaceous and earliest Paleocene Western Interior of North America. Unpublished PhD. thesis. 243 pp. University of California, Berkeley.