The compensatory response of pigs previously fed a diet with an increased fibre content. 2. Chemical body components and composition of daily gain

• Autorzy: Skiba G. , Raj S. , Weremko D. , Fendrejewski H.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The experiment was conducted to assess the influence of a moderate feed restriction during the growth period on overall performance, corporal traits and fatty acid composition in pig backfat in pigs raised under high environmetal temperatures. A hundred Large White x (Large White x Landrace) barrows with an average initial weight of 34.5 kg were randomly distributed, in pens (10 pigs per pen). Fifty pigs were fed ad libitum for 36 days (AL pigs) and another fifty were restricted by 25% of their ad libitum consumption during the same period (R pigs). During the subsequent re-feeding period (64 days) all pigs were fed ad libitum. The only diet used contained 13.4 MJ ME kg-1, 17% crude protein and 1.3% lysine. The minimum, maximum and mean average temperatures recorded during the feed restriction and post-restriction periods were, ºC: 21.5±1.2, 28.6±1.3 and 25.0±1.1, and 22.6±0.9, 31.2±1.0 and 26.9±0.9, respectively. Considering the whole study period, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake were higher (P<0.05) for AL pigs than for R pigs (840 vs 808 g and 2478 vs 2383 g), although the feed conversion ratio was not different (P>0.05) (2.95 vs 2.95 kg.kg-1). At the end of experiment, no differences for dorsal fat thickness and area and for longissimus dorsi muscle depth, width and area, measured at site of the last rib by means of a real-time ultrasound device, were found between experimental groups. The linolenic acid proportions of the subcutaneous fat outer and inner layer were higher in AL than in R pigs (P<0.05), while palmitic and saturated fatty acids total proportions of the subcutaneous fat inner layer were higher in R than in AL pigs (P<0.05).

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: 15
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.403-415,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Skiba G.

• Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland

autor

Raj S.

autor

Weremko D.

autor

Fendrejewski H.

Bibliografia

• AOAC, 1995. Official Methods of Analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th Edition. Arlington, VA
• Bee G., Gebert S., Messikommer R., 2002. Effect of dietary energy supply and fat source on the fatty acid pattern of adipose and lean tissues and lipogenesis in the pig. J. Anim. Sci. 80, 1564-1574
• Bligh E.G., Dyer W.J., 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37, 911-917
• Campbell R.G., Taverner M.R., Curic D.M., 1983. Effects of feeding level from 20 to 45 kg on the performance and carcass composition of pigs grown to 90 kg live weight. Livest. Prod. Sci. 10, 265-272
• Chiba L.I., Ivey H.W., Cummins K.A., Gamble B.E., 1999. Growth performance and carcass traits of pigs subjected to marginal dietary restrictions during the grower phase. J. Anim. Sci. 77, 1769-1776
• Critser D.J., Miller P.S., Lewis A.J., 1995. The effects of dietary protein concentration on compensatory growth in barrows and gilts. J. Anim. Sci. 73, 3376-3383
• Daza A., Mateos A., Rey A.I., López-Bote C.J., 2005b. Feeding level in the period previous to the late fattening phase influences fat composition at slaughter in free-range pigs. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 59, 227-236
• Daza A., Rey A.I., Isabel B., López-Bote C.J., 2005a. Effect of dietary vitamin E and partial replacement of poly-with monounsaturated fat on fatty acid patterns of backfat and intramuscular fat in heavy pigs (Iberian x Duroc). J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 89, 20-28
• Daza A., Rodríguez I., Ovejero I., López-Bote C.J., 2003. Effect on pig performance of feed restriction during the growth period. Span. J. Agr. Res. 1, 3-8
• Donker R.A., Den Hartog L.A., Brascamp E.W., Merks J.W.M., Noordewier G.J., Buiting G.A.J., 1986. Restriction of feed intake to optimise the overall performance and composition of pigs. Livest. Prod. Sci. 15, 353-365
• Koong L.J., Ferrell C.L., Nienaber J.A., 1985. Assessment of interrelationships among levels of intake and production, organ size and fasting heat production in growing animals. J. Nutr. 15, 1383-1389
• Kuhn M., Burgstaller G., 1996. Energy and protein restriction during the compensatory growth in pigs (in Spanish). Rev. Suinicoltura 37, 49-51
• Lopez-Bote C.J., Isabel B., Daza A., 2002. Partial replacement of poly-with monounsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E supplementation in pigs diets: effect on fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat and on fat and lean firmness. Anim. Sci. 75, 349-358
• Lovatto P.A., Suvant D., Milgen Van J., 2000. Study and modelization of compensatory growth in pigs (in Spanish). XXXII Journée Recherches Porcine (France) 32, 241-246
• Mersmann H.J., Mac Neil M.D., Seideman S.C., Pond W.G., 1989. Compensatory growth in finishing pigs after feed restriction. Swine Research Progress Report. Roman L. Hruska. U.S. Meat Animal Research Centre 3, 34-36
• Milgen Van J., Noblet J., Dubois S., 2000. Modellings of the constituents of the energy expense in pigs (in Spanish). XXXII Journée Recherches Porcine (France) 32, 235-24
• Pérez M., 2004. Effect of gender, feeding program and slaughter weight on productivity and meat quality characteristics in Iberian Retinto x Duroc pigs (in Spanish). Department of Animal Production, School of Agronomy, Politechnics University, Madrid, pp. 225
• Prince T.J., Jungst S.B., Kuhlers D.L., 1983. Compensatory responses to short-term feed restriction during the growing period in swine. J. Anim. Sci. 56, 846-852
• Ramaekers P.J.L., Swinkels J.W.G.M., Huiskes J.H., Verstegen M.W.A., Hartog Den L.A., Peet-Schwering Van Der C.M.C., 1996. Performance and carcass traits of individual pigs housed in groups as affected by ad libitum and restricted feeding. Livest. Prod. Sci. 47, 43-50
• Rey A.I., Lopez-Bote C.J., 2001. Effect of dietary copper and vitamin E supplementation, and extensive feeding with acorns and grass on longissimus muscle composition and susceptibility to oxidation in Iberian pigs. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 85, 281-292
• SAS, 1999. Institute SAS /Stat User’s Guide: SAS, Cary, NC
• Skiba G., Fandrejewski H., Raj S., Weremko D., 2002. The influence of previous protein or energy restriction of young pigs on their daily gain composition. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 11, 299-308
• Valaja J., Alaviuhkola T., Suomi K., Immonen I., 1992. Compensatory growth after feed restriction during the rearing period in pigs. Agr. Sci. Finland 1, 15-20
• Whang K.Y., Kim S.W., Donovan S.M., McKeith F.K., Easter R.A., 2003. Effects of protein deprivation on subsequent growth performance, gain of body components, and protein requirements in growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 81, 705-716
• Wiesemüller W., Otto E., Poppe S., Behm R., Hackl W., 1978. Studies regarding performance-related lysine requirement of fattening pigs. 3. Influence of amino-acid and energy-intake on fat, protein and lysine deposition (in German). Arch. Anim. Nutr. 28, 305-316
• Wood J.D., Enser M., 1997. Factors influencing fatty acids in meat and the role of antioxidant in improving meat quality. Brit. J. Nutr. 78, S49-S60