Viroids: unusual small pathogenic RNAs

• Autorzy: Gora-Sochacka A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Viroids are small (about 300 nucleotides), single-stranded, circular, non-en- capsidated pathogenic RNA molecules. They do not code for proteins and thus de­pend on plant host enzymes for their replication and other functions. They induce plant diseases by direct interaction with host factors but the mechanism of pathoge­nicity is still unknown. They can alter the expression of selected plant genes impor­tant for growth and development. Viroids belong to two families, the Avsunviroidae and the Pospiviroidae. Viroids of the Avsunviroidae family adopt a branched or quasi rod-like secondary structure in their native state. Members of the Pospiviroidae fam­ily adopt a rod-like secondary structure. In such native structures five struc­tural/functional domains have been identified: central (C), pathogenicity, variable and two terminal domains. The central conserved region (CCR) within the C domain characterizes viroids of the Pospiviroidae. Specific secondary structures of this re­gion play an important role in viroid replication and processing. Viroids of the Avsunviroidae family lack a CCR but possess self-cleaving properties by forming hammerhead ribozyme structures; they accumulate and replicate in chloroplasts, whereas members of the Pospiviroidae family have a nuclear localization. Viroid rep­lication occurs via a rolling circle mechanism using either a symmetric or asymmetric pathway in three steps, RNA transcription, processing and ligation.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Avsunviroidae; viroid; pathogenic RNAs; hammerhead ribozyme; rod-like structure; central conserved region; Pospiviroidae

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Biochimica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: 51
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.587-607,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Gora-Sochacka A.

• Polish Academy of Sciences, A.Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland

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