The paper presents the differences in metabolic processes of the bottom sediments of the River Raba up- and downstream the reservoir and in the Dobczyce Reservoir (southern Poland). In the sediments of the reservoir character and the intensities of metabolic processes were similar. In the river above the reservoir the metabolizm of sediments has the autotrophic character (the ratio of primary production to oxygen respiration P/R exceeded 1 value) and heterotrophic one in the river bellow the reservoir (P/R <1). The highest algal biomass (Ba) and low primary production (P) were found in the Raba River below the reservoir. At the downstream site organic mater the most refractory to biological degradation was presented. At this site the dominant part of energy (51%) was released by bacteria respiration (Rb). In upstream and in the reservoir the share of respiration of algae (Ra) and bacteria (Rb) in R amounted 6-27% and the remaining organisms (Rr) 73-94%.