PL
Przedstawiono wstępne wyniki badań nad procesami zagospodarowania przestrzennego w wybranych gminach miejskich (11) i wiejskich (14) w pierwszym roku działania samorządów terytorialnych. Dotyczą one warunków działania samorządów w zakresie zagospodarowania przestrzennego (organizacyjnych, materialno-prawnych, finansowych, planistycznych), procesów inwestycyjnych w gminach oraz problemów związanych z realizacją zagospodarowania (samowole budowlane, blokada działalności inwestycyjnej, skutki procesu reprywatyzacji, nowe podziały w przestrzeni gminy).
EN
The article contains preliminary results of research on the processes of physical development in 11 selected municipalities and in 14 rural communities in the initial period of territorial self-govern- ments'activities i.e. from the middle of 1990 to November 1991. They are related to the conditions and relevant problems of development realization. In the part of the article devoted to the conditions of self-governments' activities concerning the physical development, the following problems had been discussed: -organization and functioning of the communities' authorities; situations involving conflicts, -position of the community as to its property; the advancement degree of the process concerning the property communalization, -budgets of communities; development finance and the income sources, -situation as to the local plans of physical development; the reasons why the decisions in the plans have not been brought up to date. In the part concerning the realization of development, the article deals with the following problems: -legal bases for realization of development; division of responsibilities between the governmental and self-governmental administration, -specific features of the investment activities in towns and in the rural communities, according to the kinds and subjects of investments (grounded on the decisions concerning localization and on building licences), -problems connected with realization of development (illegal building actions, blockade of investments, consequences of reprivatisation processes, new divisions within the community). The main barriers against the development growth in towns and in rural communities are as follows: considerably limited budgets of communities, their irregular financial and legal situation, lack of decisions being brought up to date in local plans, as well as inaptitude to create new forms of actions connected with new mechanisms of market economy