Inhibition and regression of atherosclerotic lesions

• Autorzy: Oka K. , Chan L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Atherosclerosis, once believed to be a result of a slow, irreversible process resulting from lipid accumulation in arterial walls, is now recognized as a dynamic process with reversibility. Liver-directed gene therapy for dyslipidemia aims to treat patients who are not responsive to currently available primary and secondary prevention. Moreover, gene therapy strategies have also proved valuable in studying the dynamics of atherosclerotic lesion formation, progression, and remodeling in experimental animals. Recent results on the long-term effect of gene therapy suggest that hepatic expression of therapeutic genes suppresses inflammation and has profound effects on the nature of the atherogenic process.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

gene therapy; arterial wall; lesion progression; helper-dependent adenovirus; inflammation; regression; inhibition; lipid accumulation; atherosclerosis

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Biochimica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2005
• Tom: 52
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.311-319,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Oka K.

• Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA

autor

Chan L.

Bibliografia

• Aikawa M, Rabkin E, Okada Y, Voglic SJ, Clinton SK, Brinckerhoff CE, Sukhova GK, Libby P (1998a) Lipid lowering by diet reduces matrix metalloproteinase activity and increases collagen content of rabbit atheroma: a potential mechanism of lesion stabilization. Circulation 97: 2433–2444.
• Aikawa M, Rabkin E, Voglic SJ, Shing H, Nagai R, Schoen FJ, Libby P (1998b) Lipid lowering promotes accumulation of mature smooth muscle cells expressing smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms in rabbit atheroma. Circ Res 83: 1015–1026.
• Aikawa M, Voglic SJ, Sugiyama S, Rabkin E, Taubman MB, Fallon JT, Libby P (1999) Dietary lipid lowering reduces tissue factor expression in rabbit atheroma. Circulation 100: 1215–1222.
• Armstrong ML, Megan MB (1975) Arterial fibrous proteins in cynomolgus monkeys aer atherogenic and regression diets. Circ Res 36: 256–261.
• Belalcazar LM, Merched A, Carr B, Oka K, Chen KH, Pastore L, Beaudet A, Chan L (2003) Long-term stable expression of human apolipoprotein A-I mediated by helper-dependent adenovirus gene transfer inhibits atherosclerosis progression and remodels atherosclerotic plaques in a mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Circulation 107: 2726–2732.
• Blankenberg S, Barbaux S, Tiret L (2003) Adhesion molecules and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 170: 191–203.
• Boring L, Gosling J, Cleary M, Charo IF (1998) Decreased lesion formation in CCR2-/- mice reveals a role for chemokines in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Nature 394: 894–897.
• Brunetti-Pierri N, Palmer DJ, Beaudet AL, Carey KD, Finegold M, Ng P (2004) Acute toxicity aer high-dose systemic injection of helper-dependent adenoviral vectors into nonhuman primates. Hum Gene Ther 15: 35–46.
• Burger C, Gorbatyuk OS, Velardo MJ, Peden CS, Williams P, Zolotukhin S, Reier PJ, Mandel RJ, Muzyczka N (2004) Recombinant AAV viral vectors pseudotyped with viral capsids from serotypes 1, 2, and 5 display differential efficiency and cell tropism aer delivery to different regions of the central nervous system. Mol Ther 10: 302–317.
• Chen SJ, Rader DJ, Tazelaar J, Kawashiri M, Gao G, Wilson JM (2000) Prolonged correction of hyperlipidemia in mice with familial hypercholesterolemia using an adeno-associated viral vector expressing very-low-density lipoprotein receptor. Mol Ther 2: 256–261.
• Clinton SK, Underwood R, Hayes L, Sherman ML, Kufe DW, Libby P (1992) Macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene expression in vascular cells and in experimental and human atherosclerosis. Am J Pathol 140: 301–316.
• Davignon J (2005) Apolipoprotein E and atherosclerosis: beyond lipid effect. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25: 267–269.
• Desurmont C, Caillaud JM, Emmanuel F, Benoit P, Fruchart JC, Castro G, Branellec D, Heard JM, Duverger N (2000) Complete atherosclerosis regression aer human ApoE gene transfer in ApoE-deficient/nude mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 435–442.
• Duan D, Yue Y, Yan Z, Engelhardt JF (2000) A new dualvector approach to enhance recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene expression through intermolecular cis activation. Nat Med 6: 595–598.
• Gao GP, Alvira MR, Wang L, Calcedo R, Johnston J, Wilson JM (2002) Novel adeno-associated viruses from rhesus monkeys as vectors for human gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 11854–11859.
• Glass CK, Witztum JL (2001) Atherosclerosis. the road ahead. Cell 104: 503–516.
• Grimm D, Kay MA, Kleinschmidt JA (2003) Helper virusfree, optically controllable, and two-plasmid-based production of adeno-associated virus vectors of serotypes 1 to 6. Mol Ther 7: 839–850.
• Gu L, Okada Y, Clinton SK, Gerard C, Sukhova GK, Libby P, Rollins BJ (1998) Absence of monocyte chemoaractant protein-1 reduces atherosclerosis in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Mol Cell 2: 275–281.
• Hansson GK (2001) Immune mechanisms in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21: 1876–1890.
• Harris JD, Graham IR, Schepelmann S, Stannard AK, Roberts ML, Hodges BL, Hill V, Amalfitano A, Hassall DG, Owen JS, Dickson G (2002) Acute regression of advanced and retardation of early aortic atheroma in immunocompetent apolipoprotein-E (apoE) deficient mice by administration of a second generation [E1(-), E3(-), polymerase(-)] adenovirus vector expressing human apoE. Hum Mol Genet 11: 43–58.
• Hoffman M, Blum A, Baruch R, Kaplan E, Benjamin M (2004) Leukocytes and coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 172: 1–6.
• Hopkins PN (2003) Familial hypercholesterolemia — improving treatment and meeting guidelines. Int J Cardiol 89: 13–23.
• Ishibashi S, Inaba T, Shimano H, Harada K, Inoue I, Mokuno H, Mori N, Gotoda T, Takaku F, Yamada N (1990) Monocyte colony-stimulating factor enhances uptake and degradation of acetylated low density lipoproteins and cholesterol esterification in human monocyte-derived macrophages. J Biol Chem 265: 14109–14117.
• Ishibashi S, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Gerard RD, Hammer RE, Herz J (1993) Hypercholesterolemia in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice and its reversal by adenovirus-mediated gene delivery. J Clin Invest 92: 883–893.
• Karnik SK, Brooke BS, Bayes-Genis A, Sorensen L, Wythe JD, Schwartz RS, Keating MT, Li DY (2003) A critical role for elastin signaling in vascular morphogenesis and disease. Development 130: 411–423.
• Kawashiri M, Zhang Y, Usher D, Reilly M, Pure E, Rader DJ (2001) Effects of coexpression of the LDL receptor and apoE on cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 42: 943– 950.
• Kawashiri MA, Zhang Y, Pure E, Rader DJ (2002) Combined effects of cholesterol reduction and apolipoprotein A-I expression on atherosclerosis in LDL receptor deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 165: 15–22.
• Kim IH, Jozkowicz A, Piedra PA, Oka K, Chan L (2001) Lifetime correction of genetic deficiency in mice with a single injection of helper-dependent adenoviral vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 13282–13287.
• Kochanek S (1999) High-capacity adenoviral vectors for gene transfer and somatic gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther 10: 2451–2459.
• Kockx MM, De Meyer GR, Buyssens N, Knaapen MW, Bult H, Herman AG (1998) Cell composition, replication, and apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaques aer 6 months of cholesterol withdrawal. Circ Res 83: 378–387.
• Kozarsky KF, Mckinley DR, Austin LL, Raper SE, Stratford- Perricaudet LD, Wilson JM (1994) In vivo correction of low density lipoprotein receptor deficiency in the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit with recombinant adenoviruses. J Biol Chem 269: 13695–13702.
• Kozarsky KF, Jooss K, Donahee M, Strauss JF 3rd, Wilson JM (1996) Effective treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia in the mouse model using adenovirus-mediated transfer of the VLDL receptor gene. Nat Genet 13: 54–62.
• Lebherz C, Gao G, Louboutin J, Millar J, Rader DJ, Wilson J (2003) AAV2/7 and AAV2/8 mediated liver directed gene therapy enables long-term expression of the human LDL receptor and substantially diminishes atherosclerosis in LDL receptor deficient mice. Circulation 108: IV–143.
• Li J, Fang B, Eisensmith RC, Li XH, Nasonkin I, Lin-Lee YC, Mims MP, Hughes A, Montgomery CD, Roberts JD, Et Al (1995) In vivo gene therapy for hyperlipidemia: phenotypic correction in Watanabe rabbits by hepatic delivery of the rabbit LDL receptor gene. J Clin Invest 95: 768–773.
• Libby P (2002) Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature 420: 868–874.
• Libby P, Aikawa M (2001) Evolution and stabilization of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Jpn Circ J 65: 473–479.
• Libby P, Aikawa M (2002) Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques: new mechanisms and clinical targets. Nat Med 8: 1257–1262.
• Llodra J, Angeli V, Liu J, Trogan E, Fisher EA, Randolph GJ (2004) Emigration of monocyte-derived cells from atherosclerotic lesions characterizes regressive, but not progressive, plaques. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 11779–11784.
• McCarty DM, Young SM Jr, Samulski RJ (2004) Integration of adeno-associated virus (AAV) and recombinant AAV vectors. Annu Rev Genet 38: 819–845.
• Meir KS, Leitersdorf E (2004) Atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein- E-deficient mouse: a decade of progress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24: 1006–1014.
• Mertens A, Verhamme P, Bielicki JK, Phillips MC, Quarck R, Verreth W, Stengel D, Ninio E, Navab M, Mackness B, Mackness M, Holvoet P (2003) Increased low-density lipoprotein oxidation and impaired high-density lipoprotein antioxidant defense are associated with increased macrophage homing and atherosclerosis in dyslipidemic obese mice: LCAT gene transfer decreases atherosclerosis. Circulation 107: 1640–1646.
• Muruve DA, Coer MJ, Zaiss AK, White LR, Liu Q, Chan T, Clark SA, Ross PJ, Meulenbroek RA, Maelandsmo GM, Parks RJ (2004) Helper-dependent adenovirus vectors elicit intact innate but aenuated adaptive host immune responses in vivo. J Virol 78: 5966–5972.
• Nakai H, Fuess S, Storm TA, Muramatsu S, Nara Y, Kay MA (2005) Unrestricted hepatocyte transduction with adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vectors in mice. J Virol 79: 214–224.
• Naoumova RP, Thompson GR, Soutar AK (2004) Current management of severe homozygous hypercholesterolaemias. Curr Opin Lipidol 15: 413–422.
• Nilsson J, Hansson GK, Shah PK (2005) Immunomodulation of atherosclerosis: implications for vaccine development. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25: 18–28.
• Nomura S, Merched A, Nour E, Dieker C, Oka K, Chan L (2004) Low-density lipoprotein receptor gene therapy using helper-dependent adenovirus produces long-term protection against atherosclerosis in a mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Gene Ther 11: 1540–1548.
• Oka K, Chan L (2002) Recent advances in liver-directed gene therapy for dyslipidemia. Curr Atheroscler Rep 4: 199–207.
• Oka K, Chan L (2004) Liver-directed gene therapy for dyslipidemia and diabetes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 6: 203–209.
• Oka K, Pastore L, Kim IH, Merched A, Nomura S, Lee HJ, Merched-Sauvage M, Arden-Riley C, Lee B, Finegold M, Beaudet A, Chan L (2001) Long-term stable correc tion of low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice with a helper-dependent adenoviral vector expressing the very low-density lipoprotein receptor. Circulation 103: 1274–1281.
• Pastore L, Belalcazar LM, Oka K, Cela R, Lee B, Chan L, Beaudet AL (2004) Helper-dependent adenoviral vector- mediated long-term expression of human apolipoprotein A-I reduces atherosclerosis in apo E-deficient mice. Gene 327: 153–160.
• Polansky H (2003). Microcompetition with Foreign DNA and the Origin of Chronic Disease. The Center for the Biology and Chronic Disease. Rochester.
• Raffai RL, Loeb SM, Weisgraber KH (2005) Apolipoprotein E promotes the regression of atherosclerosis independently of lowering plasma cholesterol levels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25: 436–441.
• Reis ED, Li J, Fayad ZA, Rong JX, Hansoty D, Aguinaldo JG, Fallon JT, Fisher EA (2001) Dramatic remodeling of advanced atherosclerotic plaques of the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse in a novel transplantation model. J Vasc Surg 34: 541–547.
• Rosenfeld ME, Polinsky P, Virmani R, Kauser K, Rubanyi G, Schwartz SM (2000) Advanced atherosclerotic lesions in the innominate artery of the ApoE knockout mouse. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 2587–2592.
• Sarkar R, Tetreault R, Gao G, Wang L, Bell P, Chandler R, Wilson JM, Kazazian HH Jr (2004) Total correction of hemophilia A mice with canine FVIII using an AAV 8 serotype. Blood 103: 1253–1260.
• Schiedner G, Hertel S, Johnston M, Dries V, Van Rooijen N, Kochanek S (2003) Selective depletion or blockade of Kupffer cells leads to enhanced and prolonged hepatic transgene expression using high-capacity adenoviral vectors. Mol Ther 7: 35–43.
• Schnell MA, Zhang Y, Tazelaar J, Gao GP, Yu Q C, Qian R, Chen SJ, Varnavski AN, Leclair C, Raper SE, Wilson JM (2001) Activation of innate immunity in nonhuman primates following intraportal administration of adenoviral vectors. Mol Ther 3: 708–722.
• Shah PK (2002) Low-density lipoprotein lowering and atherosclerosis progression: does more mean less? Circulation 106: 2039–2040.
• Stary HC, Chandler AB, Dinsmore RE, Fuster V, Glagov S, Insull W Jr, Rosenfeld ME, Schwartz CJ, Wagner WD, Wissler RW (1995) A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis. A report from the Commiee on Vascular Lesions of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association. Circulation 92: 1355–1374.
• Stary HC, Chandler AB, Glagov S, Guyton JR, Insull W Jr, Rosenfeld ME, Schaffer SA, Schwartz CJ, Wagner WD, Wissler RW (1994) A definition of initial, fay streak, and intermediate lesions of atherosclerosis. A report from the Commiee on Vascular Lesions of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb 14: 840–856.
• Tangirala RK, Pratico D, Fitzgerald GA, Chun S, Tsukamoto K, Maugeais C, Usher DC, Pure E, Rader DJ (2001) Reduction of isoprostanes and regression of advanced atherosclerosis by apolipoprotein E. J Biol Chem 276: 261–266.
• Tangirala RK, Tsukamoto K, Chun SH, Usher D, Pure E, Rader DJ (1999) Regression of atherosclerosis induced by liver-directed gene transfer of apolipoprotein A-I in mice. Circulation 100: 1816–1822.
• Thomas CE, Ehrhardt A, Kay MA (2003) Progress and problems with the use of viral vectors for gene therapy. Nat Rev Genet 4: 346–358.
• Tsukamoto K, Tangirala R, Chun SH, Pure E, Rader DJ (1999) Rapid regression of atherosclerosis induced by liver-directed gene transfer of ApoE in ApoE-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19: 2162–2170.
• Tsukamoto K, Tangirala RK, Chun S, Usher D, Pure E, Rader DJ (2000) Hepatic expression of apolipoprotein E inhibits progression of atherosclerosis without reducing cholesterol levels in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Mol Ther 1: 189–194.
• Verhamme P, Quarck R, Hao H, Knaapen M, Dymarkowski S, Bernar H, Van Cleemput J, Janssens S, Vermylen J, Gabbiani G, Kockx M, Holvoet P (2002) Dietary cholesterol withdrawal reduces vascular inflammation and induces coronary plaque stabilization in miniature pigs. Cardiovasc Res 56: 135–144.
• Virmani R, Kolodgie FD, Burke AP, Farb A, Schwartz SM (2000) Lessons from sudden coronary death: a comprehensive morphological classification scheme for atherosclerotic lesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 1262–1275.