Znaczenie magnezu w pozywieniu w prewencji powiklan cukrzycy

• Autorzy: Bawa S

Warianty tytułu

EN

The role of dietary magnesium in preventing diabetic complications

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Male spożycie Mg może odgrywać rolę w rozwoju insulinooporności i cukrzycy oraz jej powikłań. Jest kilka mechanizmów, przez które deficyt magnezu może przyczynić się do powstawania wielu patologii u pacjentów z cukrzycą. Magnez Chroni ściany naczyń, przeciwstawiając się nadmiarowi wapnia oraz wywierając bezpośrednie działanie przeciw skurczowe na naczynia. Pomimo, że silą działania jest 3-5 razy słabszy od organicznych blokerów kanału wapniowego, posiada unikalne i potencjalnie użyteczne właściwości antagonizowania Ca2+. Oddziaływuje na liczne procesy obronne: przeciwdziała stresom, niedotlenieniu, uczuleniom, pobudza fagocytozę, wywiera efekty antytoksyczne, np. wobec glikozydów nasercowych, witaminy D. aldehydu octowego. Ma ścisłe powiązania z wydzielaniem epinefryny i norepinefryny przez rdzeń nadnerczy, a także wpływa na zmianę wrażliwości ich receptorów w tkankach obwodowych. Niedobór magnezu zwiększa toksyczność adrenaliny, natomiast wzrost stężenia magnezu w surowicy hamuje wydzielanie katecholamin przez rdzeń nadnerczy.

EN

Magnesium is an essential intracellular cation. Nearly 99% of the total body magnesium is located in bone or the intracellular space. Magnesium is a critical cation and cofactor in numerous intracellular processes. It is a cofactor for adenosine triphosphate; an important membrane stabilizing agent; required for the structural integrity of numerous intracellular proteins and nucleic acids; a substrate or cofactor for important enzymes such is adenosine triphosphatase, guanosine triphosphatase, phospholipase C, adenylate cyclase, and guanylate cyclase; a required cofactor for the activity of over 300 other enzymes; a regulator of ion channels; an important intracellular signaling molecule; and a modulator of oxidative phosphorylation. Finally, magnesium is intimately involved in nerve conduction, muscle contraction, potassium transport, and calcium channels. Magnesium deficiency is a common finding in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the USA, 25 to 39 % of outpatient diabetics have low concentrations of serum magnesium. Low serum magnesium concentrations in diabetics have also been found in several European countries, including Austria, Germany, Italy, France and Sweden. Magnesium depletion has a negative impact on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in people with type 2 diabetes as well as on the evolution of complications such as retinopathy, thrombosis, and hypertension. The reasons why magnesium deficiency occurs in diabetes are not clear. They may include increased urinary loss, lower dietary intake, or impaired intestinal absorption of magnesium compared to healthy individuals. Magnesium (Mg) deficiency could lead to hypertension by increasing angiotensin II action, decreasing the levels of vasodilatory prostaglandins (PGs), increasing the levels of vasoconstrictive PGs and growth factors, increasing vascular smooth muscle cytosolic calcium, impairs insulin release, produces insulin resistance, and alters lipid profile. All of these results of Mg deficiency favor the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

miazdzyca tetnic; opornosc na insuline; zywnosc; cukrzyca; homocysteinemia; nadcisnienie tetnicze; srodblonek; osteoporoza; wolne rodniki; niedobor magnezu; choroby czlowieka; powiklania chorobowe; magnez; zywienie czlowieka

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: 34
• Numer: 1-2
• Opis fizyczny: s.261-269,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Bawa S

• Szkola Glowna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, Warszawa

Bibliografia

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