Nowe srodki ochrony roslin

• Autorzy: Sobotka W
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Weeds constitute a serious and continuing limitation to crop production in all agricultural systems. Herbicides contribute significantly to the production of most of the major food and fiber crops. Besides of thousand commercial products there is still a need for new active ingredients. Changes in weed communities, development of herbicide-resistant species, and changing toxicological and environmental requirements demand more effective, selective and environment friendly herbicides to be developed. Since the discovery of the first modern organic herbicides there has been a great interest in understanding the mechanisms of herbicide interference in plant growth. Recent trends in new herbicidal molecule announcement have been exemplified by twelve new compounds (iodosulfuron plus safener mefenpyr-diethyl, flucarbazone-sodium, amicarbazone, diflubenzopyrene, beflubutamid, picolinafen, BAY MKH 6561, tepraloxydym, BAS 625 H, florasulam, cinidon-ethyl, mesotrione) presented at the 1999 Brighton Weed Conference. The trends in modern agrochemical development regarding environment safety have been shown on some examples of insecticides and acaricides. Several new developments of commercial importance described in the past ten years are discussed: imidachlopride (chloronicotinyl systemic insecticide), chlorfenapyr (pyrrole insecticide/acaricide), fipronil (phenylpyrazole insecticide/acaricide), pymetrozine (pyridine azometine insecticide), methoxyfenoside (ecdysteroid agonist), DPX-MP 062 (insecticide related to famoxadone), and D2341 (hydrazinecarboxylate acaricide). We can expect to see much more progress to be achieved in the future by the use of chemical pest control agents among „simple" molecules with high biological activity and favourable environmental profiles. Recent advances in contemporary plant protection agents are presented by selected fungicides. Some new developments of commercial importance are discussed: famoxadone (oxazolidinodione), metalaxyl-M (R-enantiomeric metalaxyl), spiroxamine (spiroketaloamine), quinoxyfen (quinoline derivative), acibenzolar-S-methyl (benzothiadiazole), Ampelomyces quisqualis (hyperparasitic fungus), trifloxystrobin (oximinoacetate), RPA 407213 (S-enantiomeric imidazolinone), IKF-916 (cyanoimidazole), fenhexamide (hydroxyanilide), iprovalicarb (amino acid amide carbamate), zoxamide (phenylamide), AC 382042 (phenoxyamide), MON 65500 (hindered silyl amide), and GL 32 (natural (1-3 glucan).

Słowa kluczowe

PL

fungicydy; herbicydy; ochrona roslin; srodki ochrony roslin; zoocydy; nowe srodki ochrony roslin

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Postępy Nauk Rolniczych
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: 48
• Numer: 5
• Opis fizyczny: s.59-64,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Sobotka W

• Instytut Przemyslu Ogrodniczego, 03-236 Warszawa, ul.Annopol 6

Bibliografia

• [1] Adamczewski K. 1997. Rola chwastów w uprawie roślin. W: Ochrona Roślin. Praca zbiorowa pod red. J. Kochmana i W. Węgorka. Plantpress, Kraków: ss. 701.
• [2] Aldrich R. J. 1997. Ekologia chwastów w roślinach uprawnych. Podstawy zwalczania chwastów. Opole: ss. 461.
• [3] Jutsum A. R., Graham J. C. 1995. Managing weed resistance the role of the agrochemical industry. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds. (2): 557-566.
• [4] Melchers L. S., Stuiver M. H. 1998. The development of transgenic plants for the control of plant diseases. BCPC Symposium Proceedings No 71: Biotechnology in Crop Protection: Facts and Fallacies: ss. 108.
• [5] Pallet K. E. 1997. Herbicide target site, recent trends and new challenges. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds. (2): 575-578.
• [6] Sobótka W. 1997. Alleloherbicydy - wczoraj i dziś. Progress in Plant Protection 3 7(1): 50-57.
• [7] Sobótka W. 1998. Nowoczesne środki zwalczania szkodliwych stawonogów. Progress in Plant Protection 38(1): 128-134.
• [8] Sobótka W. 1998. Some recent developments in arthropods control. Insects, chemical, physiological and environmental aspects. University of Wrocław: ss. 293.