Trawy na grodziskach Wielkopolskich

• Autorzy: Celka Z
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

In the earthworks of the Wielkopolska region a wide spread of grasses and their significant role in creating of the whole communities can be observed. These historical objects being the remnants of primaeval and medieval settlements are frequent elements of the landscape in Wielkopolska. In the earthworks of Wielkopolska, Poaceate are the second family after Asteraceae as regards their number of species. They comprise 80 species and together with Asteraceae (89 species) they consist over 20% of the fora of earthworks. As regards a number of records indicating frequency of the occurrence of species from a given family, grasses with the result over 3400 records get ahead Asteracae and are without dispute a leader among other families. Most often grasses are found in grasslands, which were formed on embankments and cones of earthworks also in forests and different types of thickets. Grasses were observed most often on early- and late-medieval objects regarding chronology of rescarch sites. Refferring to hemeroby of habitat grasses grow in greater numher in mesohemerobic biotops. In relation to the resources the plants studied occur on the second level which means they covered to 50% of record area. Calamagrostis epigejos, Elymus repens. Poa protensis and Bromus inermis were generally noted whit the biggest resources ("3"). In comparison to the whole flora of the earthworks, among grasses there are more species in higher frequency classes i.e. frequent, very frequent and common ones. The share of moderately frequent species is nearly the same both compared groups. In the Poaceae family similarly as in the whole flora of earthworks dominate native species. Their share is nearly identical in the earthworks 77.4%, among grasses 76.3%. The significant differentiation in the composition of geographical-historical groups can be stated in respective groups of alien species. Among the grasses there are more archaeophytes (2.41% more) and ergasiophytes (1.3 % more) than kenophytes (2.4 %) less). Analysing spectrum of life-forms (Raunkiaer's gropus) in the grass family there were found only three main groups: hemicryptophytes, cryptophytes (geo- and hydrophytes) and therophytes. Dominate hemicryptophytes with 64% share. The number of species in sociological-ecological groups ranges form 2 to 22. In the flora of grasses the most numerous are the plants from the meadow, pasture and grassland communities (groups 3 and 4), together 33 species (over 40%). A very numerous group also are species from mesophilous forest communities and nitrophilous thickets (group 8) and from segetal (group 9) and ruderal (group 10) communities. Altogether, these three groups constitute ovcr 30% of the whole flora of grasses. Within the grasses growing in the earthworks legally protected species were not recorded and share of threatened taxa was rather little, only 2.5%. The species threatened in Wielkopolska and found or objects studied are only Bromus ramosus (category E – endangered), and Trisetum flavescens (V - vulnerable).

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Wielkopolska; grodziska; trawy

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Łąkarstwo w Polsce
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: 07
• Opis fizyczny: s.55-66,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Celka Z

• Uniwersytet A.Mickiewicza, Al.Niepodleglosci 14, 61-713 Poznan

Bibliografia

• CELKA Z., 1999. Rośliny naczyniowe grodzisk Wielkopolski. Prace Zakładu Taksonomii Roślin UAM w Poznaniu, 9, 1-159.
• CELKA Z., 2004. Atlas rozmieszczenia roślin naczyniowych na grodziskach Wielkopolski. Prace Zakładu Taksonomii Roślin UAM w Poznaniu, 13, 1-447.
• FREY L. (red.), 2001. Studies on grasses in Poland. W. Szafer Insitute of Botany Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, ss. 395.
• FREY L. (red.), 2003. Problems of grass biology. W. Szafer Insitute of Botany Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, ss. 574.
• MATUSZKIEWICZ W., 2001. Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. Vademecum Geobotanicum, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa, 3, 1-540.
• PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA H. & Z. MIREK, 2003. Threat and protection of grasscs in Poland. In: FREY L. (ed.). Problems of grass biology. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, 143-161.
• MIREK Z., PIĘKOŚ-MIRKOWA H., ZAJĄC A. & M. ZAJĄC, 2002. Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A checklist. Różnorodność biologiczna Polski. 1, 1-442.
• MIZIANTY M., 1995. Trawy - grupa roślin, która odniosła ewolucyjny sukces. Wiadomości Botaniczne, 39 (1/2), 59-70.
• SZWEYKOWSKA A. & J. SZWEYKOWSKI, 1993. Botanika. Systematyka. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowc, Warszawa, ss. 637.
• ŻUKOWSKI W. & B. JACKOWIAK, 1995. Lista roślin naczyniowych ginących i zagrożonych na Pomorzu Zachodnim i w Wielkopolsce. W: ŻUKOWSKI W., JACKOWIAK B. (red.). Ginące i zagrożone rośliny naczyniowe Pomorza Zachodniego i Wielkopolski. Prace Zakładu Taksonomii Roślin UAM w Poznaniu, 3, 9-96.