Assessing the suitability of morphological and phenological traits to screen sesame genotypes for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance

• Autorzy: El-Bramawy M. A. E.S. , El-Hendawy S. E. , Shaban W.I.A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Okreslanie przydatnosci cech morfologicznych i fenologicznych do atestacji odpornosci genotypow sezamu na wiedniecie fuzaryjne oraz zgnilizne wywolana przez Macrophomina phaseolina

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Since sesame genotypes differ significantly in many morphological and phenological traits, some of these traits could be suitable for direct selection among the sesame genotypes for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance. Forty-eight sesame genotypes that originated from different geographical regions were screened for their response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (FOS) and Macrophomina phaseolina (MPH), the Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot pathogens in 2005 and 2006 seasons, respectively. The seed yield and infection percentage by Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot pathogens were determined. Branch number and days to maturity as morphological traits and seed colour as phenological trait which represented the proposal for diversity among sesame genotypes were correlated with infection percentage and were used to examine the performance of these traits as screening criteria for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance. Our results showed that 57, 67 and 67% in 2005 and 77, 77 and 62% in 2006 of resistant genotypes for FOS, and 68, 77 and 64% in 2005 and 80, 76 and 60% in 2006 of resistant genotypes for MPH had a medium branch number, and were of medium maturity and having creamy seed colour, respectively. According to the analysis of regression, branch number and seed colour were significantly correlated with infection percentages by FOS and/or MPH. Therefore, these traits may be used as indices for direct selection for resistance of sesame genotypes to Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease. However, no significant correlation was found between days to maturity and infection percentage by both fungi. Linear regression between infection percentage and three groups of branch number and seed colour indicated that the sesame genotypes had medium branch number and having creamy or white seed colour were the only covariant which significantly correlated with the infection percentage by FOS and/or MPH.

PL

Ponieważ genotypy sezamu znacznie różnią się pod względem cech morfologicznych i fenologicznych, niektóre z tych cech mogłyby być przydatne do bezpośredniej selekcji genotypów na odporność przeciw więdnięciu fuzaryjnemu i zgniliźnie wywołanej przez Macrophomina phaseolina. W latach 2005 i 2006 prowadzono atestację 48 genotypów sezamu pochodzących z różnych rejonów geograficznych, uwzględniając reakcję na porażenie przez Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (FOS) oraz Macrophomina phaseolina (MPH). Określano plon nasion i procent porażenia przez te patogeny. Liczba rozgałęzień roślin oraz liczba dni do osiągnięcia dojrzałości były badanymi cechami morfologicznymi, a barwa nasion stanowiła badaną cechę fenologiczną. Cechy te były skorelowane z procentem porażenia i stanowiły kryterium atestacji. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że odpowiednio w latach 2005 i 2006 - 57, 67 i 67% oraz 77, 77 i 62% genotypów sezamu odpornych na Fusarium, a także 68, 77 i 64% oraz 80, 76 i 60% genotypów odpornych na M. phaseolina miało średnią liczbę rozgałęzień i średni termin dojrzewania, i również kremową barwę nasion. Zgodnie z analizą regresji, liczba rozgałęzień i barwa nasion były istotnie skorelowane z procentem porażenia przez Fusarium i/lub M. phaseolina. Więc cechy te mogą być wykorzystane jako wskaźniki do bezpośredniej selekcji genotypów na odporność przeciw obu chorobom. Jednak nie stwierdzono istotnej korelacji między ilością dni do osiągnięcia dojrzałości i procentem porażenia przez obydwa te patogeny. Liniowa regresja pomiędzy procentem porażenia i trzema grzybami liczby rozgałęzień oraz barwą nasion wykazała, że genotypy sezamu mające średnią liczbę rozgałęzień i kremową lub biała barwę nasion stanowiły jedyną kowariancję, która była istotnie skorelowana z procentem porażenia przez Fusarium i/lub M. phaseolina.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

plant protection; suitability; morphological trait; phenological trait; sesame; genotype; plant disease; Fusarium; charcoal rot disease; plant resistance; wilt disease; charcoal root rot; Macrophomina phaseolina; infection percentage; maturity day; seed colour

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 48
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.397-410,ref.

Twórcy

autor

El-Bramawy M. A. E.S.

• Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt

autor

El-Hendawy S. E.

autor

Shaban W.I.A.

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