Diet, food availability and reproduction of wild board in a Mediterranean coastal area

• Autorzy: Massei G. , Genov P.V. , Staines B.W.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The diet of the wild boar Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 in a Mediterranean area, where agricultural crops were not available and supplementary food was not provided, is described. Diet was compared to the availability of the main food resources and their influence on body weight and reproduction was investigated from 1991 to 1994. Diet varied according to the availability of energy-rich foods such as acorns and olives; pine-seeds were actively consumed, even when their availability was low. When abundant, acorns and olives accounted for most of the diet, and when scarce were replaced by graminoids and juniper berries. In summer, graminoids and pine-seeds accounted for most of the diet. Acorn and olive production was likely to influence both body weight and reproduction. Following a high production of acorns and olives, wild boar exhibited higher body weight, more breeding females and a larger litter size than in years of poor production of these foods.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

reproduction; diet; wild boar; Italy; Mediterranean area; Sus scrofa; food availability

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Theriologica
• Rocznik: 1996
• Tom: 41
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.307-320,fig.

Twórcy

autor

Massei G.

• Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Hill of Brathens, Banchory, AB31 4BY, UK

autor

Genov P.V.

autor

Staines B.W.

Bibliografia

• Arrigoni P. V., Innamorati M., Lenzi-Grillini C., Lovari A,, Piussi P., Renzoni A., Sanesi G. and Sartoni G. 1976. [Report to the Committee for the Institution of the Maremma Park). Informatore Botanico Italiano 8: 283-324.
• Aumaitre A., Quere J, P. and Peiniau J. 1984. Effect of environment on winter breeding and prolificacy of the wild sow. lln: Symposium international sur le sanglier. F. Spitz and D. Pepin, eds], INRA, Toulouse: 69-78.
• Baber D. W. and Coblentz B. E. 1987. Diet, nutrition and conception in feral pigs on Santa Catalina Island. Journal of Wildlife Management 51: 306-317.
• Barrett R. H. 1978. The feral hog on the Dye Creek Ranch, California. Hilgardia 46: 283-355.
• Beiden R. C. and Pelton M. R. 1975. European wild hog rooting in the mountains of Bast Tennessee. Proceedings Annual Conference Southestern Association Game and Fish Commission 29: 665-671.
• Bencini R. 1992. [Ecology of the gamic renovation of Q. ilex in a coppiced maquis area of the Maremma Natural Park (1988/90)]. Ph D thesis, University of Florence: 1-123.
• Briedermann L, 1986. Schwarzwild. VEB Deutscher, Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin: 1-347.
• Cavallini P. and Lovari S. 1991. Environmental factors influencing the use of habitat in the red fox, Vulpes vulpes. Journal of Zoology, London 223: 323-339.
• Cavani C. 1989. Quality of the diet of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal area. [In: Abstracts of the 1st Italian Congress on Carnivores). Department of Animal Biology, University of Pavia, Pavia: 57.
• Ciampalini B. and Lovari S. 1985 Food habits and trophic niche overlap of the Badger (Meies meles) and the Red fox fVulpes uulpes) in a Mediterranean coastal area, Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 50: 226-234.
• Clark J. 1992. Go nuts. BBC Vegetarian: 74-76.
• Dardaillon M. 1987. Seasonal feeding habits of the wild boar in a Mediterranean wetland, the Camargue (Southern France). Acta Theriologica 32: 389-401.
• Genov P. 1981a. Significance of natural biocenoses and agrocenoses as the source of food for wild boar C,Sus scrofa L.). Ekologia Polska 29: 117-136.
• Genov P. 1981b. Food composition of wild boar in north-eastern and western Poland. Acta Therio­logica 26: 185-205.
• Genov P., Tonini L. and Massei G. 1996. Trapping and marking wild boar (Sus scrofa) for 15 years in the Maremma Natural Park. |In: Abstracts of the Conference "Ungulates in Temperate Forest Ecosystems". 1BN-DLO, SC-DLO in Department of Terrestrial Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University, Wageningen, April 23-27, 19951. (In press)
• Gerard J. F. and Campan R. 1988. Variabilité éco-ethologique chez le sanglier européen: comparasion des travaux français. Cahiers d1 Ethologie Appliquées 8: 63-130.
• Gilbert N. 1989. Biometrical interpretation. Oxford University Press, Oxford: 1-146.
• Goodrum P. D., Reid V. H. and Boyd C. E. 1971. Acorn yields, characteristics, and management criteria of oaks for wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Management 35: 520-532.
• Groot Bruinderink G. W, T. A. and Hazebroek E. 1995. Modelling carrying capacity for wild boar Sus scrofa scrofa in a forest/heatland ecosystem. Wildlife Biology 1: 81-87.
• Groot Bruinderink G. W. T. A., Hazebroek E., and Van Der Voot H. 1994. Diet and condition of wild boar, Sus scrofa scrofa, without supplementary feeding. Journal of Zoology, London 233: 631-648.
• Henry V. G. and Conley J. 1972. Fall foods of european wild hogs in the southern Appalachians. Journal of Wildlife Management 36: 854-860.
• Ilurlbert S. H. 1978. The measurement of niche overlap and some relatives. Ecology 59: 67-77.
• Jullien J. M., Vivien I., Brandt S. and Vassant J. 1990. Activité alimentaire et domaines vitaux de cinq sangliers maies suivis par radiopistage dans le massif de Chateauvillain/Arc-en-Barrois. Bullettin Mensuel O.N.C. 150: 27-32Klein F. 1984. Contribution a l'étude de la croissance du sanglier (Sus scrofa) par capture et recapture. Colloques INRA 22: 57-67.
• Koenig W. D., Mumme R. L., Carmen W. J. and Stanback M. T, 1994. Acorn production by oaks in central coastal California: variation within and among years. Ecology 75: 99-109.
• Kruuk H. and Parish T. 1981. Feeding specialisation of the European badger (Meles meles) in Scotland. Journal of Animal Ecology 50: 773-788.
• Lescourret F. and Genard M. 1985. Recherches d'indices d'alimentation et connaissance des milieux exploités par le sanglier (Sus scrofa scrofa) en été dand I'Herault. Gibier Faune Sauvage 1: 63-73,
• Ludwig J. A. and Reynolds J. 1988. Statistical ecology. John Wiley and Sons Eds, New York: 1-337.
• Massei G. 1995. Feeding ecology, home range and habitat use by the wild boar in a Mediterranean coastal area (central Italy), Ph D thesis, University of Aberdeen: 1-134,
• Massei G. and Genov P. 1996. Population dynamics of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in relation to food and density. [In: Abstracts of the Conference "Ungulates in Temperate Forest Ecosystems". IBN-DLO, SC-DLO in Department of Terrestrial Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University, Wageningen, April 23-27, 1995], (In press)
• Matschke G. H. 1964, The influence of oak mast on European wild hog reproduction, Proceedings Annual Conference Southestern Association Game & Fish Commission 18: 35-39.
• Matschke G. H. 1967. Aging European wild hogs by dentition. Journal of Wildlife Management 31: 109-113.
• Mauget R., Campan R., Spitz F., Dardaillon M., Janeau G. and Pepin D. 1984. Synthése des connaissances actuelles sur la biologie du sanglier, perspectives de recherche. [In: Symposium international sur le sanglier. F. Spitz and D. Pepin, eds|. INRA, Toulouse: 15-52.
• McCullogh D. R. 1985. Variables influencing food habits of white-tailed deer on the George Reserve. Journal of Mammalogy 66: 682-692.
• McShea W, J, and Schwede G. 1993. Variable acorn crops: response of white-tailed deer and other mast consumers. Journal of Mammalogy 74: 999-1006.
• Okarma H., Jędrzejewska B., Jędrzejewski W., Krasiński Z. A. and Milkowski L. 1995. The roles of predation, snow cover, acorn crop, and man-related factors on ungulate mortality in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland. Acta Theriologica 40: 197-217.
• Pepin D., Spitz F., Janeau G. and Valet G. 1987, Dynamics of reproduction and development of weight in the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in South-west France. Zeitschrift fiir Sáugetierkunde 52: 21-30
• Pigozzi G. 1987. Behavioural ecology of the European badger (Meles meles): Diet, food availability and use of space in the Maremma Natural Park, central Italy. Ph D thesis, University of Aberdeen: 1-151.
• Pigozzi G. 1991. The diet of the European badger in a Mediterranean coastal area. Acta Theriologica 36: 293-306.
• Pigozzi G. 1992. Frugivory and seed dispersal by the European badger in a Mediterranean habitat. Journal of Mammalogy 73: 630-639.
• Ratcliffe P. R. and Mayle B. A. 1992. Roe deer biology and management. Forestry Commission Bulletin 105: 1-28.
• Schauss M. E., Coletto H. J. and Kutilek M. J. 1990. Population characteristics of wild pigs, Sus scrofa, in Eastern Santa Clara County, California. Californian Fish and Game 76: 68-77.
• Siegel S. and N. J. Castellan 1988. Nonparametric statistics. McGraw-Hill Internat. Ed., New York: 1-399.
• Sjarmidi A. Spitz F. Valet G. 1991. Food resources used by wild boar in southern France. Symposium International "Ungulates 91", Toulouse: 171-173.
• Valet G., Rosell C., Chayron L., Fosty P. and Spitz F. 1994. Regime alimentaire autoinnal du sanglier (Sus scrofa) en Ariege, France, et en Catalogne, Espagne. Gibier Faune Sauvage 11: 313-326.
• Wood G. W. and Roark W. N. 1980. Food habits of feral hogs in coastal South Carolina. Journal of Wildlife Management 44: 506-511.
• Zar J. H. 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall Internat. Eds., London: 1-718.