Diet of wolves in the Bieszczady Mountains, Poland

• Autorzy: Smietana W. , Klimek A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The diet of wolves Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 was studied from October 1989 to November 1992 in the Bieszczady Mountains, southeastern Poland. A total of 221 wolf scats were collected and analyzed to determine the prey species consumed by wolves in each season. Cervids (red and roe deer) obviously predominated in wolf diet and consisted from 65% of winter biomass to 96% of summer biomass consumed. The red deer made up approximately 95% and roe deer only 5% of total cervid biomass con­sumed. During summer deer fawns made up 28% of total cervid biomass consumed. The wild boar constituted more significant food only during winter - 17% of biomass eaten. Among wild boars, piglets were selected and made up 66% of total wild boar biomass consumed during winter. Domestic livestock represented more significant food in winter (16% of biomass eaten) and was consumed as carrion laid out by hunters to bait wolves. Other food categories as hares, voles and insectivores played a negli­gible part in the wolf diet. Spring, summer and autumn diet were little diversified. Only winter diet differed significantly from other seasons for the presence of wild boar and cervids.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

diet; food habit; wolf; Bieszczady Mountains; Poland; Canis lupus; Carpathians Mountains

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Theriologica
• Rocznik: 1993
• Tom: 38
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.245-251

Twórcy

autor

Smietana W.

• Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060, Krakow, Poland

autor

Klimek A.

Bibliografia

• Ballard W. B., Whitman J. S. and Gardner C. L. 1987. Ecology of an exploited wolf population in south-central Alaska. Wildl. Monogr, 98: 1 - 54.
• Bjarvall A. 1983. Scandinavia's response to a natural repopulation of wolves. Acta zool. Fenn. 174: 273 - 275.
• Bobek B., Morow K., Perzanowski K. and Kosobucka M. 1992a. Red deer (Cervus elaphus) - its ecology and management. Wydawnictwo Świat, Warszawa: 1 - 200. [In Polish]
• Bobek B., Perzanowski K. and Śmietana W. 1992b. The influence of snow cover on the patterns of selection within red deer population by wolves in Bieszczady Mountains, Poland. [In: Global trends in wildlife management. B. Bobek, K. Perzanowski, and W. Regelin, eds|. Trans. 18th IUGB Congress, Kraków 1987, Świat Press, Krakow - Warszawa Vol. 2: 341 - 348.
• Brtek E. and Voskar J. 1987. Feeding biology of the wolf in Slovak Carpathians. Biologia, Bratislawa 42: 985 - 990, [In Slovakian with English and Russian summary]
• Dziurdzik B. 1973. Key to the identification of mamma! hairs from Poland. Acta zool. cracov. 18: 73 - 91. [In Polish]
• Floyd T. J., Mech L. D. and Jordan P. A. 1978. Relating wolf scat content to prey consumed. J. Wild], Manage. 42: 528 - 532.
• Fritts S. H. and Mech L. D. 1981. Dynamics, movements, and feeding ecology of a newly protected wolf population in northwestern Minnesota. Wildl. Monogr. 80: 1 - 79.
• Fruziński B. 1992. [Wild boar]. Wydawnictwo Cedrus, Warszawa: 1 - 248. [In Polish!
• Fuller T. K. and Keith L. B. 1980. Wolf population dynamics and prey relationships in northern Alberta. J. Wildl. Manage. 44: 583 - 602.
• Gabis J., Botto V. and Sidor V. 1975. Atlas of farm animals. National Agriculture and Forestry Pub!., Warszawa: 1 - 393.
• Hayes R. D,, Bear A. M. and Larsen D. G. 1991. Population dynamics and prey relationships of an exploited and recovering wolf population in the southern Yukon. Yukon Fish and Wildlife Branch Final Report TR-91-1: 1 - 67.
• Jędrzejewski W., Jędrzejewska B., Okarma H. and Ruprecht A. L. 1992. Wolf predation and snow cover as mortality factors in the ungulate community of the Białowieża National Park, Poland. Oecologia 90: 27 - 36.
• Leśniewicz K. and Perzanowski K. 1989. Winter diet of wolves in Bieszczady Mountains. Acta theriol. 34: 373 - 380.
• Meriggi A., Rosa P., Brangi A. and Matteucci C. 1991. Habitat use and diet of wolf in northern Italy. Acta theriol. 36: 141 - 151,
• Michna E. and Paczos S. 1972. Zarys klimatu Bieszczad Zachodnich. Ossolineum, Wroclaw: 1 - 72. [In Polish!
• Nieminen M. and Leppaluoto J. 1988. Predation in the reindeer husbandry area in Finland during 1976 - 1986. Rangifer 8: 25 - 34.
• Okarma H. 1991. Marrow fat content sex and age of red deer killed by wolves in winter in the Carpathian Mountains. Holarctic Ecol. 14: 169 - 172.
• Pielowski Z. 1988. Roe deer. National Agliculture and Forestry Pub!., Warszawa: 1 - 293. ]In Polish]
• Pucek Z. (ed) 1984. IKey for identification of Polish mammalsl. PWN - State Sci. Publisher, War­szawa: 1 - 384. [In Polish]
• Salvador A. and Abad P. L. 1987. Food habits of a wolf population (Canis lupus) in Leon Province, Spain. Mammalia 51: 45 - 52
• Sumiński P. and Filipiak W. 1977. Contribution to the investigation into the feeding of the wolf (Canis lupus L.). Z. Jagdwiss. 23: 1-5. [In German with English and French summary]
• Weaver J. L. and Hoffman S. W. 1979. Differential detectability of rodents in coyote scats. J. Wildl. Manage. 43: 783 - 789