EN
The demand for human pharmaceuticals is increasing rapidly from year to year. Most of them are currently produced in expensive bacterial bioreactors. A potential way to produce large amounts of easily available, cheap recombinant proteins is through depositing them in chicken eggs. However, manipulations on oocytes are difficult to perform in chickens because of the specific nature of the avian reproductive system. Therefore, safe non-viral methods of producing transgenic poultry have been developed. One of the safest procedures is microinjection where necked DNA is injected directly into blastoderm. An alternative method uses transfected blastodermal cells, cultured in vitro, which can be injected into recipient embryos. The most common ways of introducing genes into blastodermal cells are electroporation and lipofection. Recently, experiments with new techniques like microelectroporation, nucleofection and neutral lipids have also been performed as well as tests using fluorescent and magnetic activated cell sorting to achieve higher efficiency.