Zagadnienia znoszenia oprysku w zabiegach ochrony roślin wykonywanych techniką lotniczą

• Autorzy: Rowinski R S
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W rolnictwie do zabiegów ochrony roślin wykorzystuje się m.in. lotnictwo. Zabieg opryskiwania wykonany sprzętem lotniczym stwarza jednak duże zagrożenie dla środowiska, szczególnie podczas stosowania herbicydów, w razie gdy rozprzestrzeniany środek zostaje niesiony poza obszar poddany zabiegowi. W pracy zdefiniowano pojęcie znoszenia oprysku oraz omówiono czynniki mające wpływ na ten proces. Przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych znoszenia oprysku wykonanego techniką lotniczą. Określono wielkość znoszenia, strukturę znoszonego oprysku oraz przemieszczanie się chmury kropel w przyziemnej warstwie powietrza, zwracając uwagę na fizykalne podstawy procesu. Na podstawie tych badań określono zakresy stref ochronnych, Przedstawiono również model matematyczny rozkładu masy umożliwiający oszacowanie odległości znoszenia oprysku w zależności od panujących warunków meteorologicznych oraz przyjętych parametrów technologicznych zabiegu.

RU

EN

Aviation techniques are frequently used in agricultural practices for plant protection. Plant spraying from an aircraft is, however, considerably dangerous for the environment, especially when herbicides are used. This is related to the drift of the chemical beyond the off-target area. The paper defines the concept of spray drift and discusses the factors affecting this process. The results of experimental studies on spray drift are presented. Drift level, its structure and istribution of the drop cloud near the earth surface have been described with special attention given to physical bases of the process. On the basis of the results, distance of protective zones have been established. A mathematical model of the distribution of mass has also been presented. The model makes it possible to determine spray drift distance depending on the meteorological conditions and on technological parameters of spraying.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

rolnictwo; agrolotnictwo; opryski; opryski lotnicze; znoszenie oprysku; ochrona roslin; zagrozenia ekologiczne

EN

agriculture; aerial application; spraying; aerial spraying; spray drift; plant protection; ecological hazard

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Academiae Agriculturae ac Technicae Olstenensis. Agricultura
• Rocznik: 1993
• Tom: 56,Suppl.C
• Opis fizyczny: s.1-56,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Rowinski R S

• Akademia Rolniczo-Techniczna, Olsztyn

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