Neurological improvement in patients with chronic spinal cord injury treated with leuprolide acetate, an agonist of GnRH

• Autorzy: Quintanar J.L. , Diaz-Galindo C. , Calderon-Vallejo D. , Hernandez-Jasso I. , Rojas F. , Medina-Aguinaga D. , Olvera-Sandoval C.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

It has been reported that gonadotropin‑releasing hormone (GnRH), and its analogue leuprolide acetate (LA), have neurotrophic properties; particularly in the regeneration of injured spinal cord in animal models and in the case of a patient with spinal cord injury (SCI). The aim of this study was to establish whether treatment with LA improves sensitivity, motor activity and independence in patients with chronic SCI. Patients were treated LA once a month for six months. They were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of treatment; using a sensitivity and motor impairment scale, according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), and grade of independence scale; employing the spinal cord independence measure (SCIM). Statistical analysis showed a significant improvement in the ASIA sensory score and the SCIM score when comparing the initial versus final evaluation after six months of LA administration. Some patients showed an increase in frequency of bowel movements. Treatment with LA induces improvements in sensitivity, motor activity and independence in patients with chronic SCI. One advantage of this protocol is that it is a non‑invasive method of easy and safe application, with few side effects

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: 78
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.352-357,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Quintanar J.L.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Diaz-Galindo C.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Calderon-Vallejo D.

• Department of Morphology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Hernandez-Jasso I.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Rojas F.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Medina-Aguinaga D.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

autor

Olvera-Sandoval C.

• Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico

Bibliografia

• Barrera CM, Kastin AJ, Fasold MB, Banks WA (1991) Bidirectional satura‑ ble transport of LHRH across the blood‑brain barrier. Am J Physiol 261: E312–318.
• Calderón‑Vallejo D, Quintanar JL (2012) Gonadotropin‑releasing hormone treatment improves locomotor activity, urinary function and neurofila‑ ment protein expression after spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats. Neurosci Lett 515: 187–190.
• Calderón-Vallejo D, Quintanar-Stephano A, Hernández-Jasso I, Jiménez-Hernández V, Ruiz-Ornelas J, Jiménez I, Quintanar JL (2015) Functional and structural recovery of the injured spinal cord in rats treated with gonadotropin‑releasing hormone. Neurochem Res 40: 455–462.
• Catz A, Itzkovich M, Agranov E, Ring H, Tamir A (1997) SCIM‑spinal cord independence measure: a new disability scale for patients with spinal cord lesions. Spinal Cord 35: 850–856.
• Díaz‑Galindo MC, Gómez‑González B, Salinas E, Calderón‑Vallejo D, Hernández‑Jasso I, Bautista E, Quintanar JL (2015) Leuprolide acetate induces structural and functional recovery of injured spinal cord in rats. Neural Regen Res 10: 1819–1824.
• Ditunno JF, Formal CS (1994) Chronic spinal cord injury. N Engl J Med 330: 550–556.
• Ditunno JF, Young W, Donovan WH, Creasey G (1994) The international standards booklet for neurological and functional classification of spinal cord injury. American Spinal Injury Association. Paraplegia 32: 70–80.
• Dolan S, Evans NP, Richter TA, Nolan AM (2003) Expression of gonadotro‑ pin‑releasing hormone and gonadotropin‑releasing hormone receptor in sheep spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 346: 120–122.
• Guzmán‑Soto I, Salinas E, Hernández‑Jasso I, Quintanar JL (2012) Leupro‑ lide acetate, a GnRH agonist, improves experimental autoimmune en‑ cephalomyelitis: a possible therapy for multiple sclerosis. Neurochem Res 37: 2190–2197.
• Guzmán‑Soto I, Salinas E, Quintanar JL (2016) Leuprolide acetate inhibits spinal cord inflammatory response in experimental autoimmune en‑ cephalomyelitis by suppressing NF‑κB activation. Neuroimmunomodu‑ lation 23: 33–40.
• Harvey AR, Lovett SJ, Majda BT, Yoon JH, Wheeler LPG, Hodgetts SI (2015) Neurotrophic factors for spinal cord repair: Which, where, how and when to apply, and for what period of time? Brain Res 1619: 36–71.
• Hollis ER, Tuszynski MH (2011) Neurotrophins: potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Neurotherapeutics 8: 694–703.
• Huang  W, Yao B, Sun  L, Pu R, Wang  L, Zhang R (2001) Immunohisto‑ chemical and in situ hybridization studies of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor in rat digestive tract. Life Sci 68: 1727–1734.
• Kadoya K, Tsukada S, Lu P, Coppola G, Geschwind D, Filbin MT, Tuszynski MH (2009) Combined intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal mechanisms facilitate bridging axonal regeneration one year after spinal cord injury. Neuron 64: 165–172.
• Mathias JR, Clench MH, Abell TL, Koch KL, Lehman G, Robinson M, Snape WJ (1998) Effect of leuprolide acetate in treatment of abdominal pain and nausea in premenopausal women with functional bowel disease: a dou‑ ble‑blind, placebo‑controlled, randomized study. Dig Dis Sci 43: 1347–1355.
• Periti P, Mazzei T, Mini E (2002) Clinical pharmacokinetics of depot leupro‑ relin. Clin Pharmacokinet 41: 485–504.
• Pitts LH, Ross A, Chase GA, Faden AI (1995) Treatment with thyrotropin‑re‑ leasing hormone (TRH) in patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries. J Neurotrauma 12: 235–243.
• Quintanar JL, Calderón‑Vallejo D, Hernández‑Jasso I (2016a) Effects of GnRH on neurite outgrowth, neurofilament and spinophilin proteins expression in cultured spinal cord neurons of rat embryos. Neurochem 41: 2693–2698.
• Quintanar JL, Díaz‑Galindo MC, Calderon‑Vallejo D, Hernandez‑Jasso I (2016b) Clinical effect of leuprolide acetate, an agonist of GnRH, on sen‑ sitive and motor function in a patient with chronic spinal cord injury. J Neurol Res 6: 111–113.
• Quintanar JL, Guzmán‑Soto I. (2013) Hypothalamic neurohormones and immune responses. Front Int Neurosci 7: 1–17.
• Quintanar JL, Salinas E (2008) Neurotrophic effects of GnRH on neurite outgrowth and neurofilament protein expression in cultured cerebral cortical neurons of rat embryos. Neurochem Res 33: 1051–1056.
• Quintanar JL, Salinas E, González R (2007) Expression of gonadotropin‑re‑ leasing hormone receptor in cerebral cortical neurons of embryos and adult rats. Neurosci Lett 411: 22–25.
• Sweis R, Biller J (2017) Systemic complications of spinal cord injury. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 17: 8.
• Varma AK, Das A, Wallace G, Barry J, Vertegel AA, Ray SK, Banik NL (2013) Spinal cord injury: a review of current therapy, future treatments, and basic science frontiers. Neurochem Res 38: 895–905.
• Wilson AC, Meethal SV, Bowen RL, Atwood CS (2007) Leuprolide acetate: a  drug of diverse clinical applications. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 16: 1851–1863.
• Wu J‑C, Huang W‑C, Tsai Y‑A, Chen Y‑C, Cheng H (2008) Nerve repair us‑ ing acidic fibroblast growth factor in human cervical spinal cord injury: a preliminary Phase I clinical study. J Neurosurg Spine 8: 208–214.
• Young W (2014) Spinal cord regeneration. Cell Transplant 23: 573–611.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.21307/ane‑2018‑034