Personal networks on the labour market: Who finds a job in the creative sector in Poznan?

• Autorzy: Meczynski M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The spread of urban policies based on a set of standardised ‘creative city’ strategies has been criticised on a number of counts. In Scott’s (2006: 11) view, focusing just on “creating a high-quality urban environment, rich in cultural amenities and conducive to diversity in local social life” is too limited. He points out that the relationship between the presence of creative people and the development of a city is far more complex. The research undertaken as part of the European ACRE project (Accommodating Creative Knowledge: Competitiveness of Metropolitan Regions within the Enlarged Union) has revealed that access to a diversity of creative-labour-market opportunities is vital to both attract and retain talent in the longer term. Accessible and inclusive networks of creative workers are also vital, but their importance is often overlooked. The functionality of such networks has a huge impact on the possibility of finding a new job, and can be particularly important for lowering entry barriers for newcomers in creative occupations. Here, these issues are explored on the basis of a research conducted among managers of creative firms and international creative-class migrants in Poznań (Poland). This city has recently experienced major economic restructuring and a shift from the manufacturing industry towards a more creative and knowledge-based one.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Quaestiones Geographicae
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 35
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.133-143,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Meczynski M.

• Institute of Socio-Economic Geography and Spatial Management, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Krygowskiego 27, 61-680 Poznan, Poland

Bibliografia

• Ager A., Strang A., 2008. Understanding integration: A conceptual framework. Journal of Refugee Studies 21(2): 166-191.
• Amabile T.M., 1983. The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualisation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45: 357-377.
• Amabile T.M., Pillemer J., 2012. Perspectives on the social psychology of creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior 46(1): 3-15.
• Apitzsch B., 2013. How personal relations work: Individual market adaptation and collective action in flexible labour markets. Industrielle Beziehungen 20(2): 116-141.
• Beck U., 2000. The brave new world of work. Policy Press, Cambridge.
• Boyd M., 1989. Family and personal networks in international migration: Recent developments and new agendas. International Migration Review 23(3): 638-670.
• Brown J., Nadler R., Męczyński M., 2010. Working on the edge? Creative jobs in Birmingham, Leipzig and Poznan. In: Musterd S., Murie A. (eds), Making competitive cities. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester: 208-231.
• Comunian R., 2011. Rethinking the creative city: The role of complexity, networks and interactions in the urban creative economy. Urban Studies 48: 1157-1179.
• Curran J., Blackburn R.A., 1994. Small firms and local economic networks: The death of the local economy? Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd., London.
• DCMS, 2001. Creative industries mapping document 2001 (2nd ed.). Department of Culture, Media and Sport, London.
• Dodgson M., 2011. Exploring new combinations in innovation and entrepreneurship: Social networks, Schumpeter, and the case of Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795). Industrial and Corporate Change 20(4): 1119-1151.
• European Agenda for Culture, 2012. Work plan for culture 2011-2014. Working Group of EU Member States Experts (Open Method of Coordination) on Cultural and Creative Industries. European Union, Brussels.
• Eurostat, 2015. Cultural employment by NACE Rev. 2 activity. Online: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do (accessed 12 Nov. 2015).
• Fakty i liczby, 2015. Cudzoziemcy w Poznaniu. Online: http://www.poznan.pl/mim/s8a/news/cudzoziemcy-w-poznaniu,84920.html (accessed 30 March 2016).
• Florida R., 2002. The rise of the creative class and how it’s transforming work, leisure, community and everyday life. Basic Books, New York.
• Grabher G., 2001. Ecologies of creativity: The village, the group, and the heterarchic organisation of the British advertising industry. Environment and Planning A 33: 351-374.
• Granovetter M.S., 1973. The strength of weak ties. The American Journal of Sociology 78 (6): 1360-1380.
• Granovetter M.S., 1974. Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers. Cambridge, Harvard University, Massachusetts.
• Granovetter M.S. 1983. The strength of the weak ties: revisited. Sociological Theory 1: 201-233.
• Główny Urząd Statystyczny, 2015. Miasta największe pod względem liczby ludności. Warszawa. Online: http://stat.gov.pl/statystyka-regionalna/rankingi-statystyczne/miasta-najwieksze-pod-wzgledem-liczby-ludnosci (accessed 20 Feb. 2016).
• HM Government, 2009. New opportunities white paper. Cabinet Office, London.
• HM Government, 2011. Opening doors, breaking barriers: A strategy for social mobility. Cabinet Office, London.
• Ibert O., Schmidt S., 2014. Once you are in you might need to get out: Adaptation and adaptability in volatile labor markets - the case of musical actors. Social Sciences 3: 1-23.
• Kindler M., Ratcheva V., Piechowska M., 2015. Social networks, social capital and migrant integration at local level. European literature review. IRiS Working Paper Series, Institute for Research into Superdiversity 6: 3-22.
• Kovács Z., Musterd S., 2013. Personal networks. In: Musterd S., Kovács Z. (eds), Place-making and policies for competitive cities. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford: 211-218.
• Krackhardt D., 1992. The strength of strong ties: The importance of philos in organizations. In: Nohria N., Eccles R. (eds), Networks and organizations: Structure, form and action. Harvard Business School Press, Boston: 216-239.
• Lasinska K., 2013. Social capital in Eastern Europe. Poland an exception? Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden.
• Latour B., 2005. Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor- network theory. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
• Markusen A., 2006. Urban development and the politics of a creative class: Evidence from a study of artists. Environment and Planning A 38: 1921-1940.
• Martin-Brelot H., Grossetti M., Eckert D., Gritsai O., Kovács Z., 2010. The spatial mobility of the ‘creative class’: A European perspective. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 34: 854-870.
• Massey D.S., Felipe G.E., 1987. The social process of international migration. Science 237: 733-738.
• McKinlay A., Smith C., 2009. Creative labour: Working in the creative industries. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.
• Montgomery J.D., 1991. Social networks and labor-market outcomes: Toward an economic analysis. American Economic Review 81: 1408-1418.
• Morrison P.S., 1990. Segmentation theory applied to local, regional and spatial labour markets. Progress in Human Geography 14(4): 488-528.
• Morrison P.S., Martin R., 2003. Geographies of labour market inequality. In: Martin R., Morrison P.S. (eds), Thinking about the geographies of labour. Routledge, London: 3-20.
• Niedomysl T., 2008. Residential preferences for interregional migration in Sweden: Demographic, socioeconomic, and geographical determinants. Environment and Planning 40: 1109-1131.
• O’Connor J., 2015. Intermediaries and imaginaries in the cultural and creative industries. Regional Studies 49(3): 374-387.
• Perry-Smith J.E., Mannucci P.V., 2015. Social networks, creativity, and entrepreneurship. In: Shalley C.E., Hitt M.A., Zhou J. (eds), The Oxford handbook of creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Oxford University Press, New York.
• Potts J., Cunningham S., Hartley J., Ormerod P., 2008. Social network markets: A new definition of the creative industries. Journal of Cultural Economics 32(3): 167-185.
• Putnam R.D., 1993a. The prosperous community: Social capital and public life. American Prospect 13: 35-42.
• Putnam R.D., 1993b. Making democracy work. Civic traditions in modern Italy. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
• Scott A.J., 2006. Creative cities: Conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs 28(1): 1-17.
• Sedlak & Sedlak, 2015. Wynagrodzenia w Polsce na tle Unii Europejskiej w latach 1990-2013. Online: wynagrodzenia.pl (accessed 5 Jan. 2016).
• Shaw E., 2006. Small firm networking: An insight into outcomes and motivating factors. International Small Business Journal 24 (1): 5-29.
• Shaw E., Lam W., Carter S., 2008. The role of entrepreneurial capital in building service reputation. The Service Industries Journal 28(7): 883-898.
• Shaw E., Wilson J., Grant I., 2012. Entrepreneurial embedding: Case study evidence from the creative industries. Paper presented at ISBE Conference 7-8th November, United Kingdom.
• Stachowiak K., Pinheiro R., Sedini C., Vaattovaara M., 2013. Policies aimed at strengthening ties between universities and cities. In: Musterd S., Kovács Z. (eds), Place-making and policies for competitive cities. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., London.
• Stam E., 2009. Entrepreneurship. In: Kitchin R., Thrift N. (eds), International encyclopedia of human geography. Elsevier, Oxford 3: 492-498.
• Stryjakiewicz T., 2009. Lokalizacja firm i zachowania przestrzenne pracowników sektora informatycznego (na przykładzie poznańskiego obszaru metropolitalnego) (Location of firms and the spatial behaviour of workers of the IT sector). Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego, Warszawa-Kraków 13: 21-33.
• Stryjakiewicz T., Męczyński M., 2010. Atrakcyjność poznańskiego obszaru metropolitalnego dla pracujących w sektorze kreatywnym (Attractiveness of the Poznań metropolitan region for workers of the creative sector). Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań: 1-127.
• Stryjakiewicz T., Stachowiak K., 2010. Uwarunkowania, poziom i dynamika rozwoju sektora kreatywnego w poznańskim obszarze metropolitalnym (Determinants, level and growth dynamics of the creative sector in the Poznań metropolitan region). Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań: 1-135.
• Stryjakiewicz T., Burdack J., Egedy T., 2010. Institutional change and new development paths: Budapest, Leipzig, Poznan, Riga and Sofia. In: Musterd S., Murie A. (eds), Making competitive cities. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford: 93-112.
• Stryjakiewicz T., Męczyński M., Stachowiak K., 2009. Poznań as a creative-knowledge region: The views of high-skilled employees, managers and transnational migrants. AMiDSt, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam.
• Todeva E., 2000. Comparative business networks in Eastern Europe. The Journal of East-West Business 6 (2): 95-129.
• Wikhall M., 2002. Culture as regional attraction: Migration decisions of highly educated in a Swedish context. SISTER, Stockholm.
• Yakubovich V., 2012. Getting a job as a favor in the Russian post-socialist labor market. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 30(2): 351-372.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/ quageo-2016-0041