Essential oils and Trichoderma harzianum as an integrated control measure against faba bean root rot pathogens

• Autorzy: Abdel-Kader M.M. , El-Mougy N. S. , Lashin S. M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Roślinne olejki eteryczne oraz grzyb Trichoderma harzianum jako biologiczne czynniki integrowanego zwalczania sprawców zgnilizny korzeni bobu

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Carnation, caraway, thyme, peppermint and geranium essential oils have been found to have inhibitory effects against the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Macrophomina phaseolina under in vitro conditions. Complete inhibition of fungal growth was observed with the use of 4% carnation and geranium oils. Mycelial growth of the tested fungi showed more sensitivity to high concentrations of thyme than to caraway and peppermint oils. Moreover, essential oils used to coat seeds resulted in a significant reduction of root rot incidence of bean, at both pre- and post-emergence stages under greenhouse conditions. Under field conditions seeds coated with essential oils at a concentration of 4% sown in soil treated with the bio-agent Trihoderma harzianum, gave pronounced protection to emerged bean seeds against the invasion of root rot pathogenic fungi. Compared to the control, the above treatment resulted in a reduction of disease incidence at the pre-emergence stage. This reduction was calculated to be between 47.3 and 55.4% compared with a 16.1% reduction with the use of the Rizolex-T treatment. At the post-emergence stage, all applied treatments were able to reduce the percentage of root-rot incidence. Reduction ranged between 41.4 and 47.1% over the untreated control. Reduction in disease incidence was reflected in a yield increase of 15.1-28.8% and 40.1-50%, in seeds coated with one of the different essential oils, or combined with T. harzianum soil treatments, in the respective order. Seeds coated with the fungicide Rhizolex-T caused a yield increase estimated as 11.3% over the check treatment. These results show that application of essential oils in integration with the bio-agent T. harzianum may be considered as an applicable, safe and cost-effective method for controlling such soilborne diseases.

PL

Stwierdzono, że olejki eteryczne pochodzące z roślin: goździka ogrodowego, kminku zwyczajnego, tymianku, mięty pieprzowej i geranium wykazywały właściwości inhibujące wzrost grzybni Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Scerotium rolfsii i Macrophomina phaseolina w warunkach in vitro. Całkowite zahamowanie wzrostu grzybów obserwowano po zastosowaniu 4% olejku z roślin goździka i geranium. Grzybnie testowanych patogenów okazały się bardziej wrażliwe na wysokie koncentracje olejku z tymianku niż z goździka ogrodowego czy mięty pieprzowej. Ponadto olejki eteryczne zastosowane do otoczkowania nasion powodowały istotne ograniczenie występowania zgnilizny korzeni bobu, zarówno przed jak też po wschodach roślin w warunkach szklarniowych. W warunkach polowych otoczkowanie nasion olejkami eterycznymi w koncentracji 4% oraz siew do gleby potraktowanej grzybem T. harzianum jako czynniki biologicznego zwalczania zapewniło wyraźną ochronę kiełkujących nasion przed porażeniem przez grzyby patogeniczne powodujące zgniliznę korzeni. Powyższy zabieg wpływał na ograniczenie występowania choroby przed wschodami roślin rzędu 47,3 - 55% w porównaniu do obiektu kontrolnego z zaprawą Rizolex-T, gdzie procent ograniczenia występowania choroby wynosił 16%. Po wschodach roślin wszystkie zastosowane zabiegi ograniczały występowanie zgnilizny korzeni od 41,4 - 47,1% w porównaniu do nie traktowanej kombinacji kontrolnej. Ograniczenie występowania choroby spowodowało wzrost plonu roślin 15,1- 28,8% i 40,1 - 50% odpowiednio dla nasion otoczkowanych jednym z testowanych olejków oraz zabiegami łączonymi z glebowym stosowaniem grzyba T. harzianum. Nasiona bobu potraktowane fungicydem Rhizolex-T dawały wyższy plon o 11,3% w porównaniu do obiektu kontrolnego. Wyniki prezentowanych badań pokazują, że wykorzystanie roślinnych olejków eterycznych w połączeniu grzybem T. harzianum jako biologiczne czynniki, należy uznać jako odpowiednią, bezpieczną i opłacalną metodę zwalczania chorób pochodzenia odglebowego.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 51
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.306-313,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Abdel-Kader M.M.

• Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Giza, Egypt

autor

El-Mougy N. S.

autor

Lashin S. M.

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