Revision of Australian species of the genus diaea (Araneae: Thomisidae) with redefinition of their taxonomic status

• Autorzy: Szymkowiak P.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The crab spiders of the genus Diaea from Australia are revised. All the known 30 species are redescribed and illustrated. The type species of the genus - Diaea dorsata (Fabricius, 1777) (distributed in Palaearctic) is also included into this study. All the former members of Diaea from Australia changed their taxonomic position as a result of transfer to other genera. Three new genera were established: Australomisidia gen. nov., Boomerangia gen. nov. and Lehtinelagia gen. nov. Twenty new combinations are proposed: Australoniisidia cruentata (L. Koch, 1874), A. elegans (L. Koch, 1876), A. ergandros (Evans, 1995), A. inornata (L. Koch, 1876), A. kangarooblaszaki (Szymkowiak, 2008),A.pilula (L. Koch, 1867), A. rosea (L. Koch, 1875), A. socialis (Main, 1988), Boomerangia dimidiata (L. Koch, 1867), Cetratus caecutiens (L. Koch, 1876), C. circumlitus (L. Koch, 1876), C. rubropunctatus (Rainbow, 1920), C. tenuis (L. Koch, 1875), Lehtinelagia evanida (L. Koch, 1876), L. multopunctata (L. Koch, 1874), L. prasina (L. Koch, 1876), L. pulleinei (Rainbow, 1915), L. variabilis (L. Koch, 1875), Runcinia insecta (L. Koch, 1875), Zygometis xanthogaster (L. Koch, 1875). Four species are regarded as nomina dubia: D. mollis L. Koch, 1875, Diaea olivacea L. Koch, 1875, D. plumbea L. Koch, 1875, D. punctipes L. Koch, 1875. Following specific names are synonymised: Diaea blanda L. Koch, 1875 with Australomisidia pilula, Diaea haematodactyla L. Koch, 1875 with Lehtinelagia evanida, Diaea jucunda Thorell, 1881 with Muslim adusta (L. Koch, 1867), Diaea multimaculata Rainbow, 1904, Diaea punctata L. Koch, 1875 with Lehtinelagia multopunctata, Diaea velata L. Koch, 1876 with Boomerangia dimidiata, Misumena tristania Rainbow, 1900, M. lactea L. Koch, 1876 with Diaea xanthogaster L. Koch, 1875 (and transferred to the genus Zygometis), Runcinia affinis Simon, 1897 with Diaea insecta L. Koch, 1875 (placed into Runcinia) and Xysticus bilimbatus L. Koch, 1875 with Australomisidia cruentata. Diaea elegans L. Koch, 1876 was removed from synonyms of D. cruentata and reinstaled. Lectotypes are designated for 11 species: Australomisidia cruentata, A. elegans, A. pilula, A. rosea, Cetrahis caecutiens, C. rubropunctatus, Lehtinelagia evanida, L. multopunctata, L. prasina, L. variabilis, Runcinia insecta. Identification keys for Australian species of genera Australomisidia, Cetratus and Lehtinelagia are provided. Maps with collection localities for discussed species are given and their distributional patterns are analysed. The original number of 30 species of Diaea from Australia which are subject to the revision is reduced to 21; among them 17 (80%) are endemic to Australia. The phylogeny reconstruction based on the nucleotide sequences of the fragment of the gene of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI, mtDNA) are presented. Tree of Australian “Diaea” includes two main phylogenetic lineages: Thomisinae (15 species) and Dietinae (3 species). The results of the sequence analysis justify the proposed taxonomic changes.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Annales Zoologici
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 64
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.333-477,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Szymkowiak P.

• Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland

Bibliografia

• Archer, M. 1984. Earth-Shattering concepts for historical zoogeography, 45-59. In: Archer, M. and Clayton, G. Vertebrate Zoogeography & Evolution in Australasia (Animals in Space & Time). Hesperian Press, 1203 pp.
• Barrett, R. D. H., and P. D. N. Hebert. 2005. Identifying spiders through. DNA barcodes. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 83: 481-491.
• Barrion, A. T. and J. A. Litsinger. Riceland Spiders of South and Southeast Asia. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 700 pp.
• Benjamin, S. P. Dimitrov, D., Gillespi, R. G. and G. Hormiga. 2008. Family ties: molecular phytogeny of crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae). Cladistics, 24: 708-722.
• Benjamin, S. P. 2010. Revision and cladistic analysis of the jumping spider genus Onomastus (Araneae: Salticidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 159: 711-745.
• Benjamin, S. P. 2011. Phylogenetics apd comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae). Zootaxa, 3080: 1-108.
• Blandenier, G. and P.-A. Fürst. 1998. Ballooning spiders caught by a suction trap in an agricultural landscape in Switzerland, 177-186. In: P. A. Selden (ed.) Proceedings of the 17th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Edinburgh 1997. British Arachnological Society. Burnham Beeches, Bucks, 350 pp.
• Bodner, M. R. and W. P. Maddison. 2012. The biogeography and age of salticid spider radiations (Araneae: Salticidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 65: 213-240.
• Brechbühl, R., Casas, J. and S. Bacher. 2009. Ineffective crypsis in a crab spider: a prey community perspective. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 277: 739-746.
• Chrysanthus, F. 1964. Spiders from South New Guinea VI. Nova Guinea, 28: 87-104.
• Dabert, J., Ehrnsberger, R., M. Dabert. 2008. Glaucalges tytonis sp. n. (Analgoidea, Xolalgidae) from the barn owl Tyto alba (Strigiformes, Tytonidae): compiling morphology with DNA barcode data for taxon descriptions in mites (Acari). Zootaxa, 1719: 41-52.
• Dabert, M., Witalinski, W., Kazmierski, A, Olszanowski, Z. and J. Dabert. 2010. Molecular phytogeny of acariform mites (Acari, Arachnida): Strong conflict between phylogenetic signal and long-branch attraction artifacts. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 56: 222-241.
• Defrize, J., Théry, M. and J. Casas. 2010. Background colour matching by a crab spider in the field: a community sensory ecology perspective. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 213: 1425-1435.
• Dippenaar-Schoeman, A. S. 1980. The crab spiders of southern Africa (Araneae: Thomisidae). 1. The Genus Runci- nia Simon, 1875. Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa, 43: 303-326.
• Dondale, C. D. 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Australian Journal of Zoology, 14: 1157-1192.
• Ebach, M. C., Gill, A. C., Kwan, A, Ahyong, S. T., Murphy, D. J. and G. Cassis. 2013. Towards an Australian Bioregionalisation Atlas: a Provisional Area Taxonomy of Australia’s Biogeographical Regions. Zootaxa, 3619: 315-342.
• Evans, T. A. 1995. Two new species of social crab spiders of the genus Diaea from eastern Australia, their natural history and distribution. In: Harvey, M. S. ed. Australasian spiders and their relatives: papers honouring Barbara York Main. Records of the Western Australian Museum. Supplement No. 52. Perth, Western Australian Museum, pp. 151-158.
• Evans, T. A. 1997. Distribution of social crab spiders in eucalypt forests. Australian Journal of Ecology, 22: 107-111.
• Evans, T. A. 1998. Factors influencing the evolution of social behaviour in Australian crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 63: 205-219.
• Evans, T. A. 1999. Kin recognition in a social spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, London, 266: 287-292.
• Evans, T. A. 2000. Male work and sex ratio in social crab spiders. Insectes Sociaux, 47: 285-288.
• Fabricius, J. C. 1777. Genera insectorum eorumque characteres naturales, secundum numerum, figuram, situm et proportionem omnium partium oris; adjecta mantissa specierum nuper detectarum. Chilonii, 310 pp.
• Framenau, V. 2005. The wolf spider genus Artoria Thorell in Australia: new synonymies and generic transfers (Araneae, Lycosidae). Records of the Western Australian Museum, 22: 265-292.
• Garb, J. E. and R. G. Gillespie. 2006. Island hopping across the central Pacific: mitochondrial DNA detects sequential colonization of the Austral Islands by crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae). Journal of Biogeography, 33: 201-220.
• Greenstone, M. H., Morgan, C. E., Hultsch, A.-L., Farrow, F. A. and J. E. Dowse. 1987. Ballooning spiders in Missouri, USA, and New South Wales, Australia: family and mass distributions. Journal of Arachnology, 15: 163-170.
• Hahn, C. W. 1831. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Erster Band, 1-24.
• Hawkeswood, T. J. 2003. Spiders of Australia: an introduction to their classification, biology and distribution. Sofia- Moscow, Pensoft, 264 pp.
• Heatwole, H. 1987. Major components and distributions of the terrestrial fauna, 101-135. In: Dyne, G. R. and Walton, D. W. (eds). Fauna of Australia, vol. 1A, General Articles. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 339 pp.
• Hebert, P. D. N., Ratnasingham, S., J. R. deWaard. 2003. Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London B (Suppl.), 270: S96-S99.
• Hogg, H. R. 1914. Spiders from the Montebello Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, 1914: 69-92.
• Hogg, H. R. 1915. Report on the spiders collected by the British Ornithologists Union Expedition and the Wollaston Expedition in Dutch New Guinea. Transactions of the Zoological Society, London, 20: 425-484.
• Insausti, T. C., and J. Casas. 2008. The functional morphology of color changing in a spider: development of ommochrome pigment granules. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 211: 780-789.
• Jackson, R. R., Taylor, P. W., McGill A. S. and S. D. Pollard. 1995. The web and prey-capture behaviour of Diaea sp., a crab spider (Thomisidae) from New Zealand. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 52: 33-37.
• Jocqué, R., and A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2006. Spider families of the world. Royal Museum for Central Africa, ARC - PPRI, 336 pp.
• Karsch, F. 1880. Mittheilung uber die von Herrn Dr O. Finsch während seiner polynesischen Reise gesammelten Myriopoden und Arachniden. Sitz.-ber. Ges. naturf. Freu. Berlin 1880: 77-83.
• Kimura, M. 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16: 111-120.
• Koch, L. 1865. Beschreibungen neuer Arachniden und Myriapoden. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 15: 857-892.
• Koch, L. 1867. Beschreibungen neuer Arachniden und Myriapoden. II. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 17: 173-250.
• Koch, L. 1874. Die Arachniden Australiens. Nürnberg, 1: 529-576.
• Koch, L. 1875. Die Arachniden Australiens. Nürnberg, 1: 577-740.
• Koch, L. 1876. Die Arachniden Australiens. Nürnberg, 1: 741-888.
• Koch, C. L. 1837. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Dritter Band, 105-119, Vierter Band, pp. 1-108.
• Kulczyński, W. 1911a. Spinnen aus Nord-Neu-Guinea. In: Nova Guinea. Resultats de l’expedition Scientifiqe neerlandaise a la Nouvelle Guinee en 1903 sous les auspices d’Arthur Wichmann. Leiden, Zool. 5(4): 423-518.
• Kulczyński, W. 1911b. Spinnen aus Süd-Neu-Guinea. Erster Teil. In: Nova Guinea. Resultats de l’expedition Scientifique neerlandaise a la Nouvelle Guinee en 1907 et 1909, sous les auspices du Dr H. A. Lorenz. Leiden, Zool. 2(9): 109-148.
• Llanders, A. L., Gawryszewski, F. M., Heiling, A. M. and M. E. Herberstein. 2011. The effect of colour variation in predators on the behaviour of pollinators: Australian crab spiders and native bees. Ecological Entomology, 36: 72-81.
• Lehtinen, P. T. 1993. Polynesian Thomisidae - a meeting of old and new world groups. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 33: 585-591.
• Lehtinen, P. T. 2001. Polyphyly of Thomisidae: Dietinae auct. ISA Abstracts, International Congress of Arachnology, 26-30 March 2001, Badplaas, South Africa: 105.
• Lehtinen, P. T. 2004. Taxonomic notes on the Misumenini (Araneae: Thomisidae: Thomisinae), promarily from the Palearctic and Oriental regions, 147-184. In: D. V. Logunov & D. Penny (eds). European arachnology 2003, Proceedings of the 21th European Colloquium of Arachnology, St.-Petersburg. Arthropoda Selecta Special Issue No. 1, 2004.
• Lehtinen, P. T. 2007. Redefinition of Stephanopis O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae). Book of Abstracts of the 17th International Congress of Arachnology, 5-6 August 2007, Sao Pedro, Sao Paulo, Brazil: 93.
• Maddison, W. P. and K. M. Needham. 2006. Lapsiines and hisponines as phylogenetically basal salticid spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa, 1255: 37-55.
• Maddison, W. P., Zhang, J. X. and M. R. Bodner. 2007. A basal phylogenetic placement for the salticid spider Eupoa, with descriptions of two new species (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa, 1432: 23-33.
• Main, B. Y. 1981a. Australian spiders: Diversity, distribution and ecology, pp: 807-852. In: Kast, A. (ed.), Ecological Biogeography of Australia. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague- Boston-London, vol. 2.
• Main, B. 1981b. A comparative account of the biogeography of terrestrial invertebrates in Australia: some generalisations, pp. 1055-1077. In: Kast, A. (ed.), Ecological Biogeo graphy of Australia. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague- Boston-London, vol. 2.
• Main, B. Y. 1986. Social behaviour of a non-snare-building spider (Thomisidae). Actas X Congr. Int. Arachnol. Jaca/ Espana, 1: 134.
• Main, B. Y. 1988. The biology of a social thomisid spider (pp: 55-73). In: Austin, A. D. & N.W. Heather (eds), Australian Arachnology. Proceedings of a symposium on Australian Arachnology organised by the Australian Entomological Society as part of its 17th Scientific Conference and Annual General Meeting, Adelaide, May, 1986. The Australian entomological Society miscellaneous Publication, 5, 137 pp.
• Major, J. 1988. Endemism: a botanical perspective. In: Analytical biogeography, A. A. Myers and P. S. Giller (eds), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 117-146.
• Marusik, Y. M. 1993. Re-description of spiders of the families Heteropodidae and Thomisidae (Aranei), described by O. P.-Cambridge from the material of the second Yarkand mission. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 72: 456-468.
• Mascord, R. 1970. Australian spiders in colour. A. H. and A. W. Reed, Sydney, 112 pp.
• Mascord, R. 1980. Spiders of Australia: a field guide. A. H. and A. W. Reed, Sydney, 128 pp.
• Morse, D. H. 2007. Predator upon a flower: life history and fitness in a crab spider. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 377 pp.
• Nicholas, K. B. and H. B. Nicholas. 1997. GeneDoc: a tool for editing and annotating multiple sequence alignments. Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center’s National Resource for Biomedical Supercomputing, http://www.nrbsc.org/downloads/ (accessed: 2 March 2007, ver. 2.7.000).
• Nishiki, S. 1966. On the aerial migration of spiders - a report on “gossamer” (so-called “Yukimukae”) in Japan. Acta Arachnologica, 20: 24-34.
• Ono, H. 1988. A revisional study of the spider family Thomisidae (Arachnida, Araneae) of Japan. National Science Museum, Tokyo, 252 pp.
• Passamaneck, Y. and K. M. Halanych. 2006. Lophotrochozoan phylogeny assessed with LSU and SSU data: evidence of lophophorate polyphyly. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 40: 20-28.
• Platnick, N. I. 2014. The World Spider Catalog, Version 15. American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History. Available at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html, DOI: 10.5531/db.iz.0001 Accessed: June 2014.
• Rack, G. 1961. Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Staatsinstitus und Zoologischen Museums Hamburg II. Teil. Chelicerata II: Araneae. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 59: 1-60.
• Rack, G. 1971. Die Entomologischen Sammlungen des Zoologischen Instituts und Zoologischen Museum Hamburg. I und II Teil (Nachtrag). Parathropoda und Chelicerata. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 67: 109-133.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1898. Contribution to a knowledge of the arachnidan fauna of British New Guinea. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 23: 328-356.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1900. Two new thomisids. Records of the Australian Museum 3(7): 169-175.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1904. Studies in Australian Araneidae. No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum, 5(2): 102-107.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1911. A census of Australian Araneidae. Records of the Australian Museum, 9(2): 107-320.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1915. Arachnida. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia, 39: 772-793.
• Rainbow, W. J. 1920. Arachnida from Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. Records of the South Australian Museum, 1(3): 229-272.
• Ratnasingham, S., and P. D. N. Hebert. 2007. BOLD: the Barcode of Life Data System (www.barcodinglife.org). Molecular Ecology Notes, 7: 355-364.
• Raven, R. J., Harvey, M. S. and B. C. Baehr. 2002. Spiders of Australia CD-Rom. Interactive Identification to Subfamily. CSIRO Publishing/Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS).
• Richardson, B. J., Żabka, M., Gray, M. R. and G. Milledge. 2006. Distributional patterns of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Austrstalia. Journal of Biogeography, 33: 707-719.
• Riou, M. and J.-P. Christidès. 2010. Cryptic Color Change in a Crab Spider (Misumena vatia): Identification and Quantification of Precursors and Ommochrome Pigments by HPLC. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 36: 412-423.
• Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale, et principalement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes. Paris, 5: 159-176.
• Robinson, E. A., Blagoev, G. A., Hebert, P. D. N, and S. J. Adamowicz. 2009. Prospects for using DNA barcoding to identify spiders in species-rich genera. In: Stoev, P., Dunlop, J., Lazarov, S. (Eds). A life caught in a spider’s web. Papers in arachnology in honour of Christo Deltshev. ZooKeys, 16: 27-46.
• Rowell, D. M. and B. Y. Main. 1992. Sex ratio in the social spider Diaea socialis (Araneae: Thomisidae). Journal of Arachnology, 20: 200-206.
• Roewer, C. F. 1938. Araneae. Résultats scientifiques du voyage aux indes orientales néerlandaises de LL. AA. RR. le Prince et la Princesse Léopold de Belgique. Mémoires du Musée Royal d’Histoire naturelle de Belgique, 3(19): 1-94.
• Salmon, J. T. and N. V. Horner. 1977. Aerial dispersion of spiders in North Central Texas. Journal of Arachnology, 5: 153-157.
• Sbordoni, V. 2010. Strength and Limitations of DNA Barcode under the Multidimensional Species Perspective. Nimis P.L., Vignes Lebbe R. (eds.) Tools for Identifying Biodiversity: Progress and Problems, pp. 271-276.
• Shield, J. M. and J. Strudwick. 1999. Diasterea, a new genus of flower spider (Thomisidae: Thomisinae) from eastern Australia and a description of the male Diasterea lactea. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 111(2): 271-281.
• Schick, R. X. 1965. The crab spiders of California (Araneida, Thomisidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 129(1): 1-180.
• Simon, E. 1864. Histoire naturelle des araignées (aranéides). Paris, 540 pp.
• Simon, E. 1880. Matériaux pour servir a une faune arachnologique de la Nouvelle Calédonie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 23:164-175.
• Simon, E. 1895a. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris, 1: 761-1084.
• Simon, E. 1895b. Description d’Arachnides Nouveaux de la Famille des Thomisidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 39: 432-443.
• Simon, E. 1897. Arachides recueillis par M. M. Maindron à Kurrachee et à Matheran (près Bombay) en 1896. Bull. Mus. hist. nat. Paris 1897: 289-297.
• Simon, E. 1901. On the Arachnida collected during the “Skeat Expedition” to the Malay Peninsula. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1901(2): 45-84.
• Sirvid, P. J., Moore, N. E., Chambers, G. K., and K. Prendergast. 2013. A preliminary molecular analysis of phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships of New Zealand Thomisidae (Araneae) using a multi-locus approach. Invertebrate Systematics, 27: 655-672.
• Song, D. X., Feng, Z. Q. and J. W. Shang. 1982. On the males of two species of crab spiders (Araneida: Thomisidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 7: 257-259.
• Strand, E. 1913. Neue indoaustralische und polynesische Spinnen des Senckenbergischen Museums. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79: 113-123.
• Struckmeyer, H. I. M. and J. M. Totterdell. 1990. Australia: evolution of a continent. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 97 pp.
• Szymkowiak, P. 2007a. Redescription of Australian crab spider Diaea pulleinei Rainbow, 1915 (Araneae: Thomisidae). Zootaxa, 1425: 11-20.
• Szymkowiak, P. 2007b. Crab spiders (Araneae, Thomisidae) of Australia and New Guinea. Taxonomy of some species of Diaea as described by Kulczyński (1911). Genus, Suplement, 14: 53-58.
• Szymkowiak, P. 2008. Diaea kangarooblaszaki sp. nov. from the Kangaroo Island of Australia (Araneae, Thomisidae). Annales Zoologici, 58(2): 467-472.
• Szymkowiak, P. and A. Dymek. 2012. A redefinition of the endemic Australian crab spider Diaea inomata (L. Koch, 1876) (Araneae, Thomisidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 39(1): 57-69.
• Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. and S. Kumar. 2011. MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 28: 2731-2739.
• Thoreil, T. 1869. On European spiders. Part I. Review of the European genera of spiders, preceded by some observations on zoological nomenclature. Nova Acta regiae Societatis scientiarum Upsaliensis, 7(3): 1-108.
• Thorell, T. 1881. Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. III. Ragni dell’Austro Malesia e del Capo York, conservati nel Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale, Genova, 17: 1-727.
• Thorell, T. 1891. Spindlar från Nikobarerna och andra delar af södra Asien. Kongl. Svenska Vetenskap Akademiens Handlingar, 24(2): 1-149.
• Tikader, B. K. 1971. Revision of Indian crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae). Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 15(8): 1-90.
• Whyte, R. 2012. Working draft: a field guide to the spiders of Australia. On-line database: http://www.arachne.org.au/default.asp. Accessed: November 2012.
• Williams, J., Read, C., Norton, A., Dovers, S., Burgman, M., Proctor, W. and H. Anderson. 2001. Biodiversity, Australia State of the Environment Report 2001 (Theme Report), CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, 217 pp.
• Żabka, M. 1991. Studium taksonomiczno-zoogeograficzne nad Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) Australii. [Taxonomic and zoogeographic studies on Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Australia], Wyższa Szkoła Rolniczo-Pedagogiczna w Siedlcach, 110 pp. (In Polish).
• Żabka, M and J. Waldock. 2012. Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Oriental, Australian and Pacific Regions. Genus Cosmophasis Simon, 1901. Annales Zoologici, 62(1): 115-198.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.3161/000345414X684795