Effect of double-stranded RNAS on virulence and deoxynivalenol production of Fusarium graminearum isolates

• Autorzy: Aminian P. , Azizollah A. , Abbas S. , Naser S.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ dwunicieniowych RNA na wirulencję i wytwarzanie deoxyniwalenolu przez izolaty grzyba Fusarium graminearum

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Various viral genomes from plant pathogenic fungi have been reported. The most common of these genomes found are dsRNA which in some fungi are associated with hypovirulence and have been used or proposed as biological control agents. In this study 33 Iranian isolates of Fusarium graminearum, were examined for dsRNA infection. In 12 of these isolates, more than three viral fragments measuring 0.9, 1.2, 3, 3.2 and 5 kb were detected. The presence and nature of dsRNA was confirmed by RNaseA and DNaseI treatments. To obtain dsRNA-free isolates, hyphal tip cultures of six isolates were transferred to PDA containing different concentrations of cycloheximide. Three hyphal tip cultures were confirmed to be dsRNA-free. Mycelial growth in dsRNA-containing isolates was less than that of their counterpart cured isolates with no dsRNA. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed for colony morphology, pigmentation and conidia production of viruliferous and cured isolates. However, the disease severity of the dsRNA-containing isolates was significantly (p < 0.01) less than that of the dsRNA-free isolates on susceptible wheat in greenhouse. Deoxynivalenol (DON) production by dsRNA-free and dsRNA-containing isolates was confirmed using HPLC analysis. The range of DON production levels for dsRNA-free and dsRNA-containing isolates varied from 0.07 to 1.6 ppm and 0.06-0.4 ppm, respectively. A very significantly reduced level of DON, up to 50%, was detected in dsRNA-containing derivatives compared to the dsRNA-free isolates.

PL

Wirusowe genomy występujące u grzybów patogenicznych dla roślin były przedmiotem dotychczasowych doniesień w literaturze. Najczęściej wykrywano genomy dsRNA, wykazujące hipowirulencję u niektórych grzybów, stąd też proponowano ich wykorzystanie jako czynników biologicznego zwalczania. W prezentowanej pracy, badaniom poddano 33 irańskie izolaty grzyba Fusarium graminearum na infekcję dsRNA. W przypadku 12 izolatów patogena wykryto ponad 3 fragmenty wirusowe dsRNA o długości 0,9; 1,2; 3,0; 3,2 oraz 5 kb. Zarówno obecność, jak i charakter dsRNA zostały potwierdzone działaniem RNazy A i DNazy I. W celu uzyskania izolatów grzyba wolnych od dsRNA, końcówki strzępek grzybni przeszczepiono na pożywkę PDA z dodatkiem cykloheksamidu w różnych stężeniach. W efekcie wykryto 3 kultury grzyba wolne od dsRNA. Obserwowano również słabszy wzrost grzybni zawierających dsRNA w porównaniu do izolatów pozbawionych fragmentów wirusa. Biorąc pod uwagę zarówno morfologię kolonii patogena, pigmentację oraz wytwarzanie konidiów, nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic pomiędzy izolatami wirusonośnymi, a izolatami wolnymi od wirusa. Jednak w warunkach szklarniowych doświadczeń zaobserwowano istotnie słabsze porażenie (p < 0,01) siewek podatnej odmiany, w przypadku infekcji wirusonośnymi izolatami grzyba pszenicy, w porównaniu do porażenia siewek tej samej odmiany, izolatami grzyba wolnymi od wirusa. Wytwarzanie deoksyniwalenolu (DON) zarówno przez wirusonośne jak i wolne od wirusą dsRNA izolaty F. graminearum, potwierdzono przy pomocy analizy HPLC. Koncentracje wytwarzanego DON przez izolaty wolne od dsRNA oraz zawierające dsRNA były zróżnicowane i wynosiły odpowiednio 0,07-1,6 ppm oraz 0,06-0,4 ppm. Wykryto istotnie obniżony poziom wytwarzanego DON do 50% u izolatów grzyba zawierających pochodne dsRNA, w porównaniu do izolatów wolnych od dsRNA.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 51
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.29-37,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Aminian P.

• Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14114-336, Teheran, Iran

autor

Azizollah A.

autor

Abbas S.

autor

Naser S.

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