EN
Maksymilian Rose was born in 1883. In 1908 he graduated from faculty of medicine at Jagiellonian University in Cracow. Thereafter he worked in Berlin with T. Ziehen and H. Oppenheim specializing in neurology. Working with K. Brodmann in clinic of R. Gaupp in Tubingen he became interested in anatomy of the brain and especially in cytoarchitectonic of the cerebral cortex. Anatomy was still in the centre of his attention while he was working in Anatomy Institute under direction of K. Kostanecki. Between 1925–1928 he was appointed as director of the Department of Neurology in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin. Between 1928–1931 he worked as assistant professor (docent) at the Warsaw University. At the same time, in Warsaw he organized one of the fi rst Institutes for Brain Research in Europe. He moved to Wilno, where he was appointed in the University in 1931 as head of the psychiatric clinic, and since 1934 as head of the neurological clinic as well. In the same time he moved the Warsaw Brain Research Institute to Wilno and became his Director. The cytoarchitectonic of the cerebral cortex was his main topic of research. He founded the theory of the division of the cortex based on its development. He was the author of several cytoarchitectonic atlases and many scientifi c publications from neuroanatomy, neurology and psychiatry fi eld. Professor Rose died in 1937 in Wilno.