Morphology, echolocation calls and diet of Scotophilus kuhlii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) on Hainan Island, south China

• Autorzy: Zhu G. , Chmura A. , Zhang L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Scotophilus kuhlii is distributed in many urban environments, yet the ecology of this species is poorly known. The morphology, echolocation call structure, diet, and foraging areas of S. kuhlii were studied on Hainan Island, south China from March to November 2006. Data from 85 individuals indicate that S. kuhlii is a medium-sized bat with 50.41 ± 1.36 (fi01_175.gif ± SE) mm forearm length and 19.81 ± 3.47 g body mass. The wing morphology with high wing-loading (11.38 ± 1.95 N/m2) and moderate aspect ratio (6.96 ± 0.75) indicates that S. kuhlii flies fast and forages in open habitat and at the edges of cluttered environments. Echolocation calls of S. kuhlii consist of a fundamental and up to four harmonics, with a dominant frequency of 45.72 ± 2.09 kHz, and call shape suggests that this species is adapted to forage in open environments. Data from mist-netting and acoustic detection indicated that S. kuhlii foraged mainly around the crown of trees and street lights. Nine insect orders were recorded in its diet, with Lepidoptera (97.46%, by frequency) and Coleoptera (64.72 ± 2.37%, by volume) constituting the main prey, together with Hemiptera (19.99 ± 1.25%) and Hymenoptera (9.43 ± 1.14%). There was significant seasonal variation in the diet of S. kuhlii: Coleoptera increased from March to May, and then decreased to August, while Hemiptera and Hymenoptera showed the inverse trend.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Chiropterologica
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 14
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.175-181

Twórcy

autor

Zhu G.

• Institute of Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, East China Normal University, Zhongshan Bei Road, Putuo Distriction, Shanghai, 200062, China
• Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Xi Road, Haizhu Distriction, Guangzhou, 510260, China

autor

Chmura A.

• EcoHealth Alliance, 460 West 34th Street, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

autor

Zhang L.

• Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Xi Road, Haizhu Distriction, Guangzhou, 510260, China

Bibliografia

• 1. H. D. J. N. Aldridge , and I. L. Rautenbach . 1987. Morphology, echolocation and resource partitioning in insectivorous bats. Journal of Animal Ecology, 56: 763–778. Google Scholar
• 2. R. M. R. Barclay 1985. Foraging behavior of the African insectivorous bat, Scotophilus leucogaster. Biotropica, 17: 65–70. Google Scholar
• 3. P. J. J. Bates , and D. L. Harrison . 1997. Bats of the Indian subcontinent. Harrison Zoological Museum, Sevenoaks, Kent, 258 pp. Google Scholar
• 4. M. B. Fenton , and W. Bogdanowicz . 2002. Relationships between external morphology and foraging behaviour: bats in the genus Myotis. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80: 1004–1013. Google Scholar
• 5. M. B. Fenton , and J. H. Fullard . 1979. The influence of moth hearing on bat echolocation strategries. Journal of Comparative physiology, 132A: 77–86. Google Scholar
• 6. J. S. Findley , and H. Black . 1983. Morphological and dietary structuring of a Zambian insectivorous bat community. Ecology, 64: 625–630. Google Scholar
• 7. S. M. Goodman , R. K. B. Jenkins , and F. H. Ratrimomanarivo . 2005. A review of the genus Scotophilus (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) on Madagascar, with the description of a new species. Zoosystema, 27: 867–882. Google Scholar
• 8. R. E. Goodwin 1979. The bats of Timor: systematics and ecology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 163: 73–122. Google Scholar
• 9. D. R. Griffin , F. A. Webster , and C. R. Michael . 1960. The echolocation of flying insects by bats. Animal behaviour, 8: 141–154. Google Scholar
• 10. C. O. Handley Jr ., A. L. Gardner , and D. E. Wilson . 1991. Movements. Pp. 89–130, in Demography and nature history of the common fruit bat Artibeus jamaicensis on Barro Colorado Island, Panama ( C. O. Handley Jr ., D. E. Wilson , and A. L. Gardner , eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., 173 pp. Google Scholar
• 11. N. V. Jennings , S. Parsons , K. E. Barlow , and M. R. Gannon . 2004. Echolocation calls and wing morphology of bats from the West Indies. Acta Chiropterologica, 6: 75–90. Google Scholar
• 12. G. Jones , T. Gordon , and J. Nightingale . 1992. Sex and age differences in the echolocation calls of the lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros. Mammalia, 56: 189–193. Google Scholar
• 13. G. Jones , M. Morton , P. M. Hughes , and R. M. Budden . 1993. Echolocation, flight morphology and foraging strategies of some West African hipposiderid bats. Journal of Zoology (London), 230: 385–400. Google Scholar
• 14. E. K. V. Kalko , and H.-U. Schnitzler . 1993. Plasticity in echolocation signals of European pipistrelle bats in search flight implications for habitat use and prey detection. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 33: 415–428. Google Scholar
• 15. A. K. Karry , C. B. Stephen , and W. M. Masters . 2001. Individual and group variation in echolocation calls of big brown bats, Eptesicus fuscus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 82: 339–351. Google Scholar
• 16. T. H. Kunz , and J. O. Whitaker Jr . 1983. An evaluation of fecal analysis for determining food habits of insectivorous bats. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 61: 1317–1321. Google Scholar
• 17. C. M. McAney , and J. S. Fairley . 1988. Habitat preference and overnight and seasonal variation in the foraging activity of lesser horseshoe bats. Acta Theriologica, 33: 393–402. Google Scholar
• 18. G. Neuweiler 1984. Foraging, echolocation and audition in bats. Naturwissenschaften, 71: 446–455. Google Scholar
• 19. G. Neuweiler , W. Metzner , U. Heilmann , R. Rubsamen , M. Eckrich , and H. H. Costa . 1987. Foraging behavior and echolocation in the rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxi) of Sri Lanka. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 20: 53–67. Google Scholar
• 20. U. M. Norberg , and J. M. V. Rayner . 1987. Ecological morphology and flight in bats (Mammalia; Chiroptera): wing adaptations, flight performance, foraging strategy and echolocation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 316B: 335–427. Google Scholar
• 21. E. A. Rickart , P. D. Heideman , and R. C. B. Utzurrum . 1989. Tent-roosting by Scotophilus kuhlii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Philippines. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 5: 433–436. Google Scholar
• 22. E. Salsamendi , J. Aihartza , U. Goiti , D. Almenar , and I. Garin . 2005. Echolocation call and morphology in the Mehelyi's (Rhinolophus mehelyi) and Mediterranean (R. euryale) horseshoe bats: implication for resource partitioning. Hystrix, 16: 149–158. Google Scholar
• 23. H-U. Schnitzler , C. F. Moss , and A. Denzinger . 2003. From spatial orientation to food acquisition in echolocating bats. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 18: 386–394. Google Scholar
• 24. H. Schofield , and C. Morius . 1999. The micro-habitat preferences of Bechsterin's bat within woodlands in southern England. Bat Research News, 40: 104–141. Google Scholar
• 25. N. B. Simmons 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 465–467, in Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference ( D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder , eds.). The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2142 pp. Google Scholar
• 26. N. Suga , H. Niwa , I. Taniguchi , and D. Margoliash . 1987. The personalized auditory cortex of the mustached bat: adaptation for echolocation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 58: 643–654. Google Scholar
• 27. L. Zhang , B. Liang , P. Stuart , L. Wei , and S. Zhang . 2007. Morphology, echolocation and foraging behaviour in two sympatric sibling bats, Tylonycteris pachypus and T. robustula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Zoology (London), 271: 344–351. Google Scholar
• 28. L. Zheng , and H. Gui . 1999. Insect classification. Nanjing Normal University Press, Nanjing, Volumes 1 and 2, 1070 pp. Google Scholar

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu