EN
Fertilization is one of the most important and most diffi cult processes in agriculture. This is due to the specifi c character of fertilizers, which on the one hand shape the economic effi ciency of agricultural production, on the other hand, may constitute a threat to the natural environment. The issues related to the fertilization of plants not only regard the aspects of crop production. They are related to widely perceived food security and protection of the natural environment. Fertilization plays a key role in shaping sustainable agriculture. The paper presents the selected issues concerning the problems of fertilization and the main problems regarding the implementation of the principles of balanced fertilization in Poland.