Przemiany rolnictwa polski w latach dziewięćdziesiątych. Daleko czy blisko do UE15?

• Autorzy: Kulikowski R.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Transformations of Poland's agriculture in the 1990s. Far from or near to the EU?

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Agriculture is an important branch of the economy and one of the more difficult matters where negotiations between Poland and the EU arc concerned. Its contribution to GDP fell from 12.1% in 1989 to 5% in 1999, while the numbers it employed fell in the period from 5.1 to 4.2 million. These changes were accompanied by an increase in mean farm size from 7 to 8 ha, and a decrease in total numbers of farms from 2,138.000 to 1,989,000. Small-scale farming is thus undergoing polarisation, with an increase in the numbers and total area of the smallest holdings, as well as of those of more than 15 ha. Noteworthy where arable land use is concerned is the marked increase in the area of fallow land (from 1 to 11%). In turn, changes in the areas sown with crops have included an increase in the area under cereals and pasture mixes, as well as a marked dcclinc in the area under potatoes. A major fall in the use of mineral fertilisers coincided with a dcclinc in yields of cereals at the beginning of the 1990s. Even greater changes arc to be noted where livestock production is concerned. The number of head of cattle declined in the period in question by c. 35%. In the case of swine, there has not been such a clear fall in the herd size, with the changes that have been noted reflecting a move away from this kind of livestock on the smallest farms, as well as an increase in the numbers kept on large pig farms. Overall, the period 1988-96 brought an 11.4% decline in agricultural output. The profitability of sales of produce declined, while a disproportionately large increase in prices for the means of production ensured that the trade in agricultural goods with the EU was in the red from 1993 onwards. In this sense the EU is already close to Poland, while Poland remains far from the EU.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Studia Obszarów Wiejskich
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: 1
• Opis fizyczny: s.71-81,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Kulikowski R.

• Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im.Stanisława Leszczyckiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, ul.Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa

Bibliografia

• Andrychowicz A., Drygas M., Lisztwan I., 2000, Wybrane problemy przygotowa-nia Polski do wykorzystania środków pomocowych Unii Europejskiej z programu SAPARD, Wieś i Rolnictwo, 2, IRWiR PAN, Warszawa.
• Halamska M., 2000, Wiejskie społeczności lokalne w Polsce a problem integracji europejskiej. Wieś i Rolnictwo. 4, IRWiR PAN, Warszawa.
• Kulikowski R., Szczęsny R., 1998, Changing Spatial Patterns of Polish Agriculture after 1989 and a Forecast to 2010, Problems of Geography, 1-2, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
• Szczęsny R., 1998, Przemiany struktury przestrzennej rolnictwa Polski w latach 1988-1996, Zeszyty IGiPZ PAN, 59.
• Wojciechowska-Ratajczak B., 1999, Podstawowe uwarunkowania ekonomiczne oraz kierunki polityki strukturalnej wobec wsi i rolnictwa, Wieś i Rolnictwo, 1, IRWiR PAN, Warszawa.
• Woś A., 2000, Concepts, Policies, Programmes and Institutions of Rural Development in Poland. Third World Bank - FAO EU Accession Workshop in the Rural Sector, Sofia, (powielane).
• ZgIiński W., 2000. Dekolektywizacja rolnictwa i jej skutki w postkomunistycznych krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, Europa XXI, 5, IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.