Lead and cadmium content in some grasses along expressway areas

• Autorzy: Jankowski K. , Jankowska J. , Ciepiela G. A. , Sosnowski J. , Wisniewska-Kadzajan B. , Kolczarek R. , Deska J.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zawartość ołowiu i kadmu w wybranych gatunkach traw rosnących wzdłuż drogi szybkiego ruchu

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Due to intense road traffic, plants are exposed to stress factors, mainly fumes, dust from rubber grinding and clutch dust. Among numerous chemicals deposited near roads, heavy metals, e.g. lead and cadmium, are the most dangerous. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of distance from a road on the content of lead and cadmium in some grasses and their influence on health and safety of livestock. The following grasses were collected from grasslands located near the S2, an international road running near Siedlce, a town in the east of Poland: orchard grass, meadow foxtail and tall oat grass. The plant material was taken 1 m, 5 m, and 10 m from a roadside ditch at sites approximately distant 100 m from one another. From individual batches, 5-7 samples were made for each species of plants and from each distance from the road edge. The content of lead and cadmium was estimated using the ASA method. The accumulation of lead and cadmium in grass growing along the expressway depended on the grass species and distance from the road. Regardless of the grass species, the highest level of heavy metals was found in the plant material collected 5 m from the road, and an average lead content was nearly 17-fold higher than that of cadmium. Irrespective of the distance from the road, lead was more readily accumulated in tall oat grass and meadow foxtail, whereas cadmium was mainly absorbed by orchard grass. The grass species recommended for sowing on soil contaminated with lead is orchard grass, but meadow foxtail is a better choice to sow on land polluted by cadmium.

PL

Eksploatacja dróg powoduje narażenie roślin na czynniki stresogenne. Są to głównie składniki spalin oraz pyły powstające przy ścieraniu opon, tarcz sprzęgła oraz innych elementów ciernych pojazdów. Spośród wielu substancji chemicznych deponowanych obok drogi, największy wpływ na środowisko mają metale ciężkie, a wśród nich ołów i kadm. Celem badań była ocena wpływu odległości od drogi na zawartość ołowiu i kadmu w wybranych gatunkach traw w kontekście bezpieczeństwa sanitarnego w przypadkach spożycia przez zwierzęta hodowlane. Materiał roślinny w formie części nadziemnych pobrano w sierpniu 2011 r. wzdłuż 9 km odcinka trasy szybkiego ruchu S2 (Obwodnica Siedlec). Próbki pobierano losowo w odległości 1, 5, 10 i 15 m od skraju jezdni, po obu stronach drogi, na odcinkach długości ok. 100 m. Z pobranych próbek jednostkowych wykonano 5-7 próbek dla każdego gatunku roślin i każdej odległości od skraju jezdni. Zawartość ołowiu i kadmu oznaczono metodą AAS z użyciem absorcjometru Varian Spectra AA20. Kumulacja ołowiu i kadmu przez trawy rosnące wzdłuż drogi szybkiego ruchu zależała zarówno od gatunku trawy, jak i odległości od trasy. Niezależnie od badanego gatunku trawy, najwięcej oznaczonych metali ciężkich stwierdzono w materiale roślinnym zebranym 5 m od drogi, a średnia zawartość ołowiu była prawie 17 razy wyższa niż kadmu. Niezależnie od odległości od drogi szybkiego ruchu, ołów w największym stopniu był kumulowany przez wyczyniec łąkowy i rajgras wyniosły, a kadm głównie przez kupkówkę pospolitą. Gatunkiem trawy zalecanym do obsiewu terenów skażonych ołowiem jest kupkówka pospolita, a kadmem – wyczyniec łąkowy.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 19
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.119-128,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Jankowski K.

• Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Jankowska J.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Ciepiela G. A.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Sosnowski J.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Wisniewska-Kadzajan B.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Kolczarek R.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

autor

Deska J.

• Institute of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland

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Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5601/jelem.2014.19.1.591