Growth response of container grown Japanese azalea and Euonymus and concentration of nitrates and phosphates in the runoff water under different irrigation and fertilization
Research Institute of Horticulture, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Bibliografia
Aendekerk T. 1997. Fertilization guide for nursery crops. Research Station for Nursery Crops, Boskoop, Netherlands, Boomteeltpraktijkonderzoek, 154 p.
Beeson R.C., Brooks J. 2008. Evaluation of a model based on reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) for precision irrigation using overhead sprinklers during nursery production of Ligustrum japonica. Acta Horticulturae 792: 85-90.
Bilderback T.E. 2002. Water management is key in re-ducing nutrient runoff from container nurseries. HortTechnology 12: 541-544.
Breś W., Golcz A., Komosa A., Kozik E., Tyksiński W. 1997. Nawożenie roślin ogrodniczych. cz. I. Dia-gnostyka potrzeb nawozowych. AR Poznań, pp. 62-74. [in Polish]
Cabrera R.I. 2003. Nitrogen balance for two container-grown woody ornamental plants. Scientia Horti-culturae 97: 297-308. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4238(02)00151-6.
Colangelo D.J., Brand M.H. 1997. Effect of split fertilizer application and irrigation volume on nitrate-nitro-gen concentration in container growing area soil. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 15: 205-210.
Colangelo D.J., Brand M.H. 2001. Nitrate leaching beneath a containerized nursery crop receiving trickle or overhead irrigation. Journal of Envi-ronmental Quality 30: 1564-1574. DOI: 10.2134/jeq2001.3051564x.
Fare D., Gilliam C.H., Keever G.J. 1992. Monitoring irriga-tion at container nurseries. HortTechnology 2: 75-78.
Fernández-Escobar R., Benlloch M., Herrera E., García-Novelo J.M. 2004. Effect of traditional and slow-re-lease N fertilizers on growth of olive nursery plants and N losses by leaching. Scientia Horticulturae 101: 39-49. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2003.09.008.
Fulcher A.F, Buxton J.W., Geneve R.L. 2012. Developing a physiological-based, on-demand irrigation system for container production. Scientia Horticulturae 138: 221-226. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.030.
Grant O., Davies M., Longbottom H., Atkinson C. 2009. Irrigation scheduling and irrigation systems: opti-mising irrigation efficiency for container ornamen-tal shrubs. Irrigation Science 27: 139-153. DOI: 10.1007/s00271-008-0128-x.
Groves K.M., Warren S.L., Bilderback T.E. 1998. Irriga-tion volume, application, and controlled-release fertilizer II. Effect on substrate solution nutrient concentration and water efficiency in containerized plant production. Journal of Environmental Horti-culture 16: 182-188.
GUS 2012. The National Agricultural Census 2010 – Horticultural crops. Warsaw, Poland, 133 p.
Juntunen M.L., Hammar T., Rikala R. 2003. Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and uptake by container birch seedlings (Betula pendula Roth) grown in three different fertilizations. New Forests 25: 133-147. DOI: 10.1023/A:1022686402578.
Karam N.S., Niemiera A.X. 1994. Cyclic sprinkler irri-gation and pre-irrigation substrate water content af-fect water and N leaching from containers. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 12: 198-202.
Marfà O., Lemaire F., Cáceres R., Giuffrida F., Guérin V. 2002. Relationships between growing media fertil-ity, percolate composition and fertigation strategy in peat-substitute substrates used for growing orna-mental shrubs. Scientia Horticulturae 94: 309-321. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4238(01)00383-1.
Marosz A. 2013. Changes in ornamental nursery produc-tion following Polish integration with the European Union. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sci-ences – SGGW, Horticulture and Landscape Archi-tecture 34: 51-60.
Matysiak B., Bielenin M. 2005. Effect of nutrient solu-tion composition on growth, flowering, nutrient sta-tus and cold hardiness of Rhododendron yakushi-manum grown on ebb-and-flow benches. European Journal of Horticultural Science 70: 35-42.
Merhaut D.J., Blythe E.K., Newman J.P., Albano J.P. 2006. Nutrient release from controlled-release fer-tilizers in acid substrate in a greenhouse environ-ment: I. Leachate electrical conductivity, pH, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentra-tions. HortScience 41(3): 780-787.
Michałojć Z., Koter M. 2012. Effect of different fertili-zation on the growth and nutrition of azalea (Rho-dodendron L.) Acta Agrobotanica 65(4): 123-132. DOI: 10.5586/aa.2012.029.
Mills H.A., Jones J.B., Wolf B. 1996. Plant analysis handbook II: A practical sampling, preparation, analysis, and interpretation guide. 422 p.
Monaghan J. 2004. Establishing optimal rates of CRF nu-trition. HDC Final report HNS, 43 p.
Narváez L., Cáceres R., Marfà O. 2013. Effect of different fertilization strategies on nitrogen balance in an out-door potted crop of Osteospermum ecklonis (DC.) Norl. ‘Purple Red’ under Mediterranean climate conditions. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 11(3): 833-841. DOI: 10.5424/sjar/2013113-3764.
Newman J.P., Albano J.P., Merhaut D.J., Blythe E.H. 2006. Nutrient release from controlled-release fertilizers in a neutral-pH substrate in an outdoor environment: I. Leachate electrical conductivity, pH, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations. HortScience 41(7): 1674-1682.
Newman J.P., Kabashima J.N., Merhaut D., Haver D.L., Gan J., Oki L.R. 2014. Controlling runoff and recy-cling water, nutrients, and waste. In: Newman J.P. (Ed.), Container nursery production and business man-agement manual. UCANR Publications, pp. 95-118.
Oliet J., Planelles R., Segura M.L., Artero F., Jacobs D.F. 2004. Mineral nutrition and growth of container-ized Pinus halepensis seedlings under controlled-release fertilizer. Scientia Horticulturae 103: 113-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.019.
Pinto J.R., Chandler R.A., Dumroese K.R. 2008. Growth, nitrogen use efficiency, and leachate comparison of subirrigated and overhead irrigated pale purple coneflower seedlings. HortScience 43(3): 897-901.
Sammons J.D., Struve D.K. 2010. The effects of near-zero leachate irrigation on growth and water use effi-ciency and nutrient uptake of container grown bald-cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) plants. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 28(1): 27-34.
Sandrock D.R., Azarenko A.N., Righetti T.L. 2005. Fer-tilization of two container-grown woody ornamen-tals based on their specific nitrogen accumulation patterns. HortScience 40(2): 451-456.
Smith E.M. 1978. Foliar analysis survey of woody or-namentals. Research Circular – Ohio Agricultural Research Center 236: 30-34.
Šrámek F., Dubský M. 2007. Effect of slow release ferti-lizers on container-grown woody plants. Horticul-tural Science 34(1): 35-41.
Taylor M.D., White S.A., Chandler S.L., Klaine S.J., Whitwell T. 2006. Nutrient management of nursery runoff water using constructed wetland systems. HortTechnology 16(4): 610-614.
Warsaw A.L., Fernandez R.T., Cregg B.M., An-dresen J.A. 2009a. Water conservation, growth, and water use efficiency of container-grown woody or-namentals irrigated based on daily water use. HortScience 44(5): 1308-318.
Warsaw A.L., Fernandez R.T., Cregg B.M., Andresen J.M. 2009b. Container-grown ornamental plant growth and water runoff nutrient content and vol-ume under four irrigation treatments. HortScience 44(6): 1573-1580.
Weatherspoon D.M., Harrell C.C. 1980. Evaluation of drip irrigation for container production of woody landscape plants. HortScience 15: 488-489.
Wilson C., Albano J.P., Mozdzen M., Riiska C. 2010. Ir-rigation water and nitrate-nitrogen loss characteri-zation in Southern Florida nurseries: cumulative volumes, runoff rates, nitrate nitrogen concentra-tions and loadings, and implications for manage-ment. HortTechnology 20(2): 325-330.
Wilson P.C., Albano J.P. 2011. Impact of fertigation ver-sus controlled-release fertilizer formulations on ni-trate concentrations in nursery drainage water. HortTechnology 21: 176-180.
Yeager T., Wright R., Fare D., Gilliam C., Johnson J., Bilderback T., Zondag R. 1993. Six state survey of container nursery nitrate nitrogen runoff. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 11(4): 206-208.