An early Late Triassic long-necked reptile with a bony pectoral shield and gracile appendages

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Several partially articulated specimens and numerous isolated bones of Ozimek volans gen. et sp. nov., from the late Carnian lacustrine deposits exposed at Krasiejów in southern Poland, enable a reconstruction of most of the skeleton. The unique character of the animal is its enlarged plate-like coracoids presumably fused with sterna. Other aspects of the skeleton seem to be comparable to those of the only known specimen of Sharovipteryx mirabilis from the latest Middle Triassic of Kyrgyzstan, which supports interpretation of both forms as protorosaurians. One may expect that the pectoral girdle of S. mirabilis, probably covered by the rock matrix in its only specimen, was similar to that of O. volans gen. et sp. nov. The Krasiejów material shows sharp teeth, low crescent scapula, three sacrals in a generalized pelvis (two of the sacrals being in contact with the ilium) and curved robust metatarsal of the fifth digit in the pes, which are unknown in Sharovipteryx. Other traits are plesiomorphic and, except for the pelvic girdle and extreme elongation of appendages, do not allow to identify any close connection of the sharovipterygids within the Triassic protorosaurians.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 61
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.805-823,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

Bibliografia

• Benton, M.J. 1999. Scleromochlus taylori and the origin of the pterosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 354: 1423–1446.
• Benton, M.J. and Allen, J.L. 1997. Boreopricea from the Lower Triassic of Russia, and the relationships of the prolacertiform reptiles. Palaeontology 40: 931–953.
• Bodzioch, A. and Kowal-Linka, M. 2012. Unraveling the origin of the Late Triassic multitaxic bone accumulation at Krasiejów (S Poland) by diagenetic analysis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 346–347: 25–36.
• Borsuk-Białynicka, M. and Evans, S.E. 2009. A long-necked archosauromorph from the Early Triassic of Poland. Palaeontologia Polonica 65: 203–234.
• Butler, R.J., Rauhut, O.W.M., Stocker, M.R., and Bronowicz, R. 2014. Redescription of the phytosaurs Paleorhinus (“Francosuchus”) angustifrons and Ebrachosuchus neukami from Germany, with implications for Late Triassic biochronology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170: 155–208.
• Camp, C.L. 1945. Prolacerta and the protorosaurian reptiles. Part I. American Journal of Science 243: 17–32.
• Casey, M.M., Fraser, N.C., and Kowalewski, M. 2007. Quantitative taphonomy of a Triassic reptile Tanytrachelos ahynis from the Cow Branch Formation, Dan River Basin, Solite Quarry, Virginia. Palaios 22: 598–611.
• Chatterjee, S. 1986. Malerisaurus langstoni, a new diapsid reptile from the Triassic of Texas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 6: 297–312.
• Colbert, E.H. 1987. The Triassic reptile Prolacerta in Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 2882: 1–19.
• Currie, P.J. 1982. The osteology and relationships of Tangasaurus mennelli Haughton (Reptilia, Eosuchia). Annals of the South African Museum 86: 247–265.
• Dilkes, D.W. 1998. The Early Triassic rhynchosaur Mesosuchus browni and the interrelationships of basal archosauromorph reptiles. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 353: 501–541.
• Dzik. J. 2001. A new Paleorhinus fauna in the early Late Triassic of Poland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21: 625–627.
• Dzik, J. 2003. A beaked herbivorous archosaur with dinosaur affinities from the early Late Triassic of Poland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23: 556–574.
• Dzik, J. and Sulej, T. 2007. A review of the early Late Triassic Krasiejów biota from Silesia, Poland. Palaeontologia Polonica 64: 1–27.
• Dzik, J., Sulej, T., Kaim, A., and Niedźwiedzki, R. 2000. Late Triassic graveyard of large Triassic tetrapods in the Opole Silesia [in Polish with English summary]. Przegląd Geologiczny 48: 226–235.
• Fraser, N. and Furrer, H. 2013. A new species of Macrocnemus from the Middle Triassic of the eastern Swiss Alps. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 106: 199–206.
• Gans, C., Darevskii, I., and Tatarinov, L.P. 1987. Sharovipteryx, a reptilian glider? Paleobiology 13: 415–426.
• Gottmann-Quesada, A. and Sander, P.M. 2009. A redescription of the early archosauromorph Protorosaurus speneri Meyer, 1832, and its phylogenetic relationships. Palaeontographica A 287: 123–220.
• Gow, C.E. 1975. The morphology and relationships of Youngina capensis Broom and Prolacerta broomi Parrington. Palaeontologia Africana 18: 89–131.
• Gruszka, B. and Zieliński, T. 2008. Evidence for a very low-energy fluvial system: a case study from the dinosaur-bearing Upper Triassic rocks of Southern Poland. Geological Quarterly 52: 239–252.
• Jalil, N.-E. 1997. A new prolacertiform diapsid from the Triassic of North Africa and the interrelationships of the Prolacertiformes. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17: 506–525.
• Kammerer, C.F., Butler, R.J., Bandyopadhyay, S., and Stocker, M.R. 2016. Relationships of the Indian phytosaur Parasuchus hislopi Lydekker, 1885. Papers in Palaeontology 2 (1): 1–23.
• Kemp, A. 1985. The biology of the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri (Krefft, 1870). Journal of Morphology 190 (Supplement 1): 181–198.
• Lee, M.S.Y. 1997. The evolution of the reptilian hindfoot and the homology of the hooked fifth metatarsal. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 10: 53–263.
• Nesbitt, S.J., Flynn, J.J., Pritchard, A.C., Parrish, J.M., Ranivoharimanana, L., and Wyss, A. 2015. Postcranial osteology of Azendohsaurus madagaskarensis (?Middle to Upper Triassic, Isalo Group, Madagascar) and its systematic position among stem archosaur reptiles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 398: 1–126.
• Olempska, E. 2004. Late Triassic spinicaudatan crustaceans from southwestern Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49: 429–442.
• Olsen, P.E. 1979. A new aquatic eosuchian from the Newark Supergroup (Late Triassic–Early Jurassic) of North Carolina and Virginia. Postilla 176: 1–14.
• Olsen, P.E. and Johansson, A.K. 1994. Field guide to Late Triassic tetrapod sites in Virginia and North Carolina. In: N.C. Fraser and H.-D. Sues (eds.), In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs: Early Mesozoic Tetrapods, 408–430. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Pacyna, G. 2014. Plant remains from the Polish Triassic. Present knowledge and future prospects. Acta Palaeobotanica 54: 3–33.
• Peters, D. 2000. A redescription of four prolacertiform genera and implications for pterosaur phylogenesis. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 106: 293–336.
• Peyer, B. 1937. Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen. XII. Macrocnemus bassanii Nopcsa. Abhandlungen der Schweizerischen Paläontologischen Gesellschaft 59: 1–140.
• Pritchard, A.C., Turner, A.H., Nesbitt, S.J., Irims, R.B., and Smith, N.D. 2015. Late Triassic tanystropheids (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) from northern New Mexico (Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation) and the biogeography, functional morphology, and evolution of Tanystropheidae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 (2): e911186.
• Reisz, R.R., Modesto, S.P., and Scott, D.M. 2011. A new Early Permian reptile and its significance in early diapsid evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 278: 3731–3737.
• Renesto, S. 1994. Megalancosaurus, a possibly arboreal archosauromorph (Reptilia) from the Upper Triassic of Northern Italy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14: 47–62.
• Renesto, S. 2005. A new specimen of Tanystropheus (Reptilia Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Switzerland and the ecology of the genus. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 111: 377–394.
• Renesto, S. and Dalla Vecchia, F.M. 2007. A revision of Langobardisaurus rossii Bizzarini and Muscio, 1995 from the Late Triassic of Friuli (Italy). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 113: 191–201.
• Renesto, S., Dalla Vecchia, F.M., and Peters, D. 2002. Morphological evidence for bipedalism in the Late Triassic prolacertiform reptile Langobardisaurus. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 82: 95–106.
• Rieppel, O. 1989. The hind limb of Macrocnemus bassanii (Nopcsa) (Reptilia, Diapsida): development and functional anatomy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9: 373–387.
• Rieppel, O., Fraser, N.C., and Nosotti, S. 2003. The monophyly of Protorosauria (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha): a preliminary analysis. Atti della Società italiana di scienze naturali e del museo civico di storia naturale di Milano 144: 359–382.
• Saller, F., Renesto, S., and Dalla Vecchia, F.M. 2013. First record of Langobardisaurus (Diapsida, Protorosauria) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Austria, and a revision of the genus. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 268: 83–95.
• Sen, K. 2003. Pamelaria dolichotrachela, a new prolacertid reptile from the Middle Triassic of India. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21: 663–681.
• Sereno, P.C. 1991. Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11: 1–53.
• Sharov, A.G. [Šarov, A.G.] 1971. New flying reptiles from the Mesosoic of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan [in Russian]. Trudy Paleontologičeskogo Instituta AN SSSR 130: 104–113.
• Skawina, A. 2013. Population dynamics and taphonomy of the Late Triassic (Carnian) freshwater bivalves from Krasiejów (Poland). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 379–380: 68–80.
• Skawina, A. and Dzik, J. 2011. Umbonal musculature and relationships of the Late Triassic filibranch unionoid bivalves. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 863–883.
• Skrzycki, P. 2015. New species of lungfish (Sarcopterygii, Dipnoi) from Late Triassic Krasiejów site in Poland, with remarks on ontogeny of Triassic dipnoan tooth plates. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35: e964357.
• Smith, A.C. 2011. Description of Tanytrachelos ahynis and Its Implications for the Phylogeny of Protorosauria. 128 pp. Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
• Sues, H.-D. and Fraser, N.C. 2010. Triassic Life on Land: The Great Transition. 224 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
• Sulej, T. 2007. Osteology, variability, and evolution of Metoposaurus, a temnospondyl from the Late Triassic of Poland. Palaeontologia Polonica 64: 29–139.
• Szulc, J. and Racki, G. 2015. Grabowa Formation—the basic lithostratigraphic unit of the Upper Silesian Keuper [in Polish with English abstract]. Przegląd Geologiczny 63: 103–113.
• Szulc, J., Racki, G., and Jewuła, K. 2015. Key aspects of the stratigraphy of the Upper Silesian middle Keuper, southern Poland. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae 85: 557–586.
• Unwin, D.M., Alifanov, V.R., and Benton, M.J. 2000. Enigmatic small reptiles from the Middle–Late Triassic of Kyrgyzstan. In: M.J. Benton,
• M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, and E.N. Kurochkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 177–186. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Wild, R. 1973. Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen. XXIII. Tanystropheus longobardicus (Bassani) (Neue Ergebnisse). Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlungen 95: 1–162.
• Wild, R. 1980a. Neue Funde von Tanystropheus (Reptilia, Squamata). Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlungen 102: 1–43.
• Wild, R. 1980b. Tanystropheus (Reptilia: Squamata) and its importance for stratigraphy. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, N.S. 139: 201–206.
• Zatoń, M., Piechota, A., and Sienkiewicz, E. 2005. Late Triassic charophytes around the bone-bearing bed at Krasiejów (SW Poland)—palaeoecological and environmental remarks. Acta Geologica Polonica 55: 283–293.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4202/app.00276.2016