Zakaźne zapalenie bursy Fabrycjusza kurcząt - aktualny stan wiedzy w zakresie wybranych aspektów choroby

• Autorzy: Pikula A. , Smietanka K.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Selected aspects of infectious bursal disease - the current state of knowledge

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly infectious and contagious immunosuppressive viral disease of chickens with a worldwide economic significance to the poultry industry. Over fifty years have passed since the first confirmed occurrence of the disease, and the virus has spread all over world and evolved into multiple genetic, antigenic and pathotypic variants, becoming a serious threat to the poultry industry. The primary tool in IBD eradication is the maintenance of strict biosecurity in poultry farms and implementation of vaccination programmes which should take into account the current epidemiological knowledge about the IBDV strains circulating in the field. This review article presents the current state of knowledge about the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) with special regard to the molecular biology of the virus, immunological aspects, as well as current and future prevention strategies.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

drob; kurczeta; choroby zwierzat; choroba Gumboro; wirus choroby Gumboro; genom wirusa; zmiennosc genetyczna; szczepienia ochronne; odpowiedz immunologiczna; odpowiedz humoralna; odpowiedz komorkowa; zwalczanie chorob zwierzat; szczepionki

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Medycyna Weterynaryjna
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 75
• Numer: 03
• Opis fizyczny: s.138-145,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Pikula A.

• Zakład Chorób Drobiu, Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy

autor

Smietanka K.

• Zakład Chorób Drobiu, Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach, al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy

Bibliografia

• Alfonso-Morales A., Martínez-Pérez O., Dolz R., Valle R., Perera C. L., Bertran K., Frías M. T., Majó N., Ganges L., Pérez L. J.: Spatiotemporal phylogenetic analysis and molecular characterisation of infectious bursal disease viruses based on the VP2 hyper-variable region. PLoS One 2013, 8, e65999.
• Alfonso-Morales A., Rios L., Martínez-Pérez O., Dolz R., Valle R., Perera C. L., Bertran K., Frías M. T., Ganges L., Díaz de Arce H., Majó N., Núñez J. I., Pérez L. J.: Evaluation of a phylogenetic marker based on genomic segment B of infectious bursal disease virus: facilitating a feasible incorporation of this segment to the molecular epidemiology studies for this viral agent. PLoS One 2015, 10, e0125853.
• Al-Natour M. Q., Ward L. A., Saif Y. M., Stewart-Brown B., Keck L. D.: Effect of different levels of maternally derived antibodies on protection against infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Dis. 2004, 48, 177-182.
• Arnold M., Durairaj V., Mundt E., Schulze K., Breuniq K. D., Behrens S. E.: Protective vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus with whole recombinant Kluyveromyces lactis yeast expressing the viral VP2 subunit. PLoS One 2012, 7, e42870.
• Azad A. A., Jagadish M. N., Brown M. A., Hudson P. J.: Deletions mapping and expression in Escherichia coli of the large genomic segment of a birnavirus. Virology 1987, 161, 145-152.
• Bayliss C. D., Spies U., Shaw K., Peters R. W., Papageorgiou A., Müller H., Boursenell M. E. G.: A comparison of the sequences of segment A of four infectious bursal disease virus strain and identification of a variable region in VP2. J. Gen. Virol. 1990, 71, 1303-1312.
• Berg T. P. van den, Gonze M., Meulemans G.: Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: isolation and characterization of a highly virulent strain. Avian Pathol. 1991, 20, 133-143.
• Berg T. P. van den, Gonze M., Morales D., Meulemans G.: Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: immunological and molecular basis of antigenicity of a highly virulent strain. Avian Pathol. 1996, 25, 751-768.
• Berg T. P. van den, Eterradossi N., Toqiun D., Meulemans G.: Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease). Rev. sci. tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 2000, 19, 527-543.
• Birghan C., Mundt E., Gorbalenya A. E.: A non-canonical lon proteinase lacking the ATPase domain employs the ser-Lys catalytic dyad to exercise broad control over the life cycle of a double-stranded RNA virus. EMBO J. 2000, 19, 114-123.
• Brown M. D., Green P., Skinner M. A.: VP2 sequences of recent European “very virulent” isolates of infectious bursal disease virus are closely related to each other but are distinct from those of “classical” strains. J. Gen. Virol. 1994, 75, 675-680.
• Bublot M., Pritchard N., Le Gros F. X., Goutebroze S.: Use of a vectored vaccine against infectious bursal disease of chickens in the face of high-titred maternally derived antibody. J. Comp. Pathol. 2007, 137 Suppl 1, S81-S84.
• Cai L., Shen Y., Wang G., Guo H., Liu J., Cheng Z.: Identification of two novel multiple recombinant avian leukosis viruses in two different lines of layer chicken. J. Gen. Virol. 2013, 94, 2278-2286.
• Chettle N. J., Stuart J. C., Wyeth P. J.: Outbreaks of virulent infectious bursal disease in East Anglia. Vet. Rec. 1989, 125, 271-272.
• Chevalier C., Lepault J., Da Costa B., Delmas B.: The last C-terminal residue of VP3, glutamic acid 257, controls capsid assembly of infectious bursal disease virus. J. Virol. 2004, 78, 3296-3303.
• Cosgrove A. S.: An apparently new disease of chickens – avian nephrosis. Avian Dis. 1962, 41, 385-389.
• Coulibaly F., Chevalier C., Gutsche I., Pous J., Navaza J., Bressanelli S., Delmas B., Rey F. A.: The birnavirus crystal structure reveals structural relationships among icosahedral viruses. Cell 2005, 120, 761-772.
• Dobos P., Hill B. J., Hallett R., Kells D. T., Becht H., Teninges D.: Biophysical and biochemical characterization of five animal viruses with bisegmented double-stranded RNA genomes. J. Virol. 1979, 32, 593-605.
• Doyle S. L., O’Neill L. A.: Toll-like receptors: from the discovery of NFkappaB to new insights into transcriptional regulations in innate immunity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2006, 72, 1102-1113.
• Durairaj V., Sellers H., Linnemann E. G., Icard A. H., Mundt E.: Investigation of the antigenic evolution of field isolates using the revers genetic system of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Arch. Virol. 2011, 156, 1717-1728.
• Einem U. I. von, Gorbalenya A. E., Schirrmeier H., Behrens S. E., Letzel T., Mundt E.: VP1 of infectious bursal disease virus is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. J. Gen. Virol. 2004, 85, 2221-2229.
• Escaffre O., Le Nouen C., Amelot M., Ambroggio X., Ogden K. M., Guionie O., Toquin D., Muller H., Islam M. R., Eterradossi N.: Both genome segments contribute to the pathogenicity of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. J. Virol. 2013, 87, 2767-2780.
• Eterradossi N., Saif Y. M.: Infectious bursal disease, [w:] Swayne D. E. (red.): Diseases of Poultry. 13th ed., Wiley-Blackwell, Aimes 2013, s. 219.
• Fernandes M. J., Simoni I. C., Vogel M. G., Harakava R., Rivas E. B., Oliveira M. B., Kanashiro A. M., Tessari E. N., Gama N. M., Arns C. W.: Molecular characterization of Brazilian infectious bursal disease virus isolated from 1997 to 2005. Avian Dis. 2009, 53, 449-454.
• Fodor I., Horvath E., Fodor N., Nagy E., Rencendorsh A., Vakharia V. N., Dube S. K.: Induction of protective immunity in chickens immunised with plasmid DNA encoding infectious bursal disease virus antigens. Acta Vet. Hung. 1999, 47, 481-492.
• Gao H. L., Wang X. M., Gao Y. L., Fu C. Y.: Direct evidence of reassortment and mutant spectrum analysis of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Dis. 2007, 51, 893-899.
• Gao L., Li K., Qi X., Gao H., Gao Y., Qin L., Wang Y., Shen N., Kong X., Wang X.: Triplet amino acids located at positions 145/146/147 of the RNA polymerase of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus contribute to viral virulence. J. Gen. Virol. 2014, 95, 888-897.
• Gros F. X. le, Dancer A., Giacomini C., Pizzoni L., Bublot M., Graziani M., Prandini F.: Field efficacy trial of a novel HVT-IBD vector vaccine for 1-day-old broilers. Vaccine 2009, 27, 592-596.
• Guo X., Wang L., Cui D., Ruan W., Liu F., Li H.: Differential expression of the Toll-like receptor pathway and related genes of chicken bursa after experimental infection with infectious bursa disease virus. Arch. Virol. 2012, 157, 2189-2199.
• Han G. Z., He C. Q., Ding N. Z., Ma L. Y.: Identification of a natural multi-recombinant of Newcastle disease virus. Virology 2008, 371, 54-60.
• Hassan M. K., Afify M., Aly M. M.: Susceptibility of vaccinated and unvaccinated Egyptian chickens to very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Pathol. 2002, 31, 149-156.
• Haygreen E. A., Kaiser P., Burgess S. C., Davison T. F.: In ovo DNA immunisation followed by a recombinanat fowlpox boost is fully protective to challenge with virulent IBDV. Vaccine 2006, 24, 4951-4961.
• He C. Q., Ma L. Y., Wang D., Li G. R., Ding N. Z.: Homologous recombination is apparent in infectious bursal disease virus. Virology 2009, 384, 51-58.
• He X., Xiong Z., Yang L., Guan D., Yang X., Wei P.: Molecular epidemiology studies on partial sequences of both genome segments reveal that reasortant infectious bursal disease viruses were dominantly prevalent in southern China during 2000-2012. Arch. Virol. 2014, 159, 3279-3292.
• Hernández M., Banda A., Hernández D., Panzera F., Pérez R.: Detection of very virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) in commercial broilers from Uruguay. Avian Dis. 2006, 50, 624-631.
• Holland J. J., de Ia Torre J. C., Steinhauer D. A.: RNA virus populations as quasispecies. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1992, 176, 1-20.
• Hon C. C., Lam T. Y., Drummond A., Rambaut A., Lee Y. F., Yip C. W., Zeng F., Lam P. Y., Ng P. T. W., Leung F. C. C.: Phylogenetic analysis reveals a correlation between the expansion of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus and reassortment of its genome segment B. J. Virol. 2006, 80, 8503-8509.
• Hon C. C., Lam T. T., Yip C. W., Wong R. T., Shi M., Jiang J., Zeng F., Leung F. C.: Phylogenetic evidence for homologous recombination within the family Birnaviridae. J. Gen. Virol. 2008, 89, 3156-3164.
• Hsieh M. K., Wu C. C., Lin T. L.: DNA-mediated vaccination conferring protection against infectious bursal disease in broiler chickens in the presence of maternal antibody. Vaccine 2010, 28, 3936-3943.
• Hudson P. J., McKern N. M., Power B. E., Azad A. A.: Genomic structure of the large RNA segment of infectious bursal disease virus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986, 14, 5001-5012.
• Hung C. M., Wu S. C., Yen C. C., Lin M. F., Lai Y. W., Tung Y. T., Chen H. L., Chen C. M.: Porcine lactoferrin administration enhances peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and assists infectious bursal disease vaccination in native chickens. Biometals. 2010, 23, 579-587.
• Ingrao F., Rauw F., Lambrecht B., van den Berg T.: Infectious Bursal Disease: a complex host-pathogen interaction. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 2013, 41, 429-438.
• Ismail N. M., Saif Y. M.: Immunogenicity of infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens. Avian Dis. 1991, 35, 460-469.
• Jackwood D. J.: Advances in vaccine research against economically important viral diseases of food animals: Infectious bursal disease virus. Vet. Microbiol. 2017, 206, 121-125.
• Jackwood D. J.: Multivalent virus-like-particle vaccine protects against classic and variant infectious bursal disease viruses. Avian Dis. 2013, 57, 41-50.
• Jackwood D. J., Sommer S. E.: Amino acids contributing to antigenic drift in the infectious bursal disease Birnavirus (IBDV). Virology 2011, 409, 33-37.
• Jackwood D. J., Sommer S. E.: Identification of infectious bursal disease virus quasispecies in commercial vaccines and field isolates of this double-stranded RNA virus. Virology 2002, 304, 105-113.
• Jackwood D. J., Sommer-Wagner S. E.: Molecular epidemiology of infectious bursal disease viruses: distribution and genetic analysis of newly emerging viruses in the United States. Avian Dis. 2005, 49, 220-226.
• Jackwood D. J., Sommer-Wagner S. E., Crossley B. M., Stoute S. T., Woolcock P. R., Charlton B. R.: Identification and pathogenicity of a natural reassortant between a very virulent serotype 1 infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and a serotype 2 IBDV. Virology 2011, 420, 98-105.
• Jackwood D. J., Sreedevi B., LeFever L. J., Sommer-Wagner S. E.: Studies on naturally occurring infectious bursal disease viruses suggest that a single amino acid substitution at position 253 in VP2 increases pathogenicity. Virology 2008, 377, 110-116.
• Kasanga C. J., Yamaguchi T., Munan’andu H. M., Ohya K., Fukushi H.: Genomic sequence of an infectious bursal disease virus isolate from Zambia: classical attenuated segment B reassortment in nature with existing very virulent segment A. Arch. Virol. 2013, 158, 685-689.
• Kasanga C. J., Yamaguchi T., Wambura P. N., Maeda-Machang’u A. D., Ohya K., Fukushi H.: Molecular characterisation of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV): diversity of very virulent IBDV in Tanzania. Arch. Virol. 2007, 152, 783-790.
• Khatri M., Palmquist J. A., Cha R. M., Sharma J. A.: Infection and activation of bursal macrophages by virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Virus Res. 2005, 113, 44-50.
• Khatri M., Sharma J. M.: Infectious bursal disease virus infection induces macrophage activation via p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways. Virus Res. 2006, 118, 70-77.
• Kong N., Wang X., Zhao J., Hu J., Zhang H., Zhao H.: A recombinant baculovirus expressing vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and chicken interleukin-18 (ChIL-18) protein protects against very virulent IBDV. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 2011, 10, 2706-2715.
• Lee H. J., Kim J. Y., Kye S. J., Seul H. J., Jung S. C., Choi K. S.: Efficient self-assembly and protective efficacy of infectious bursal disease virus-like particles by a recombinant baculovirus co-expressing precursor polyprotein and VP4. Virol. J. 2015, 12, 177.
• Li J., Huang Y., Liang X., Lu M., Li L., Yu L., Deng R.: Plasmid DNA encoding antigens of infectious bursal disease virues induce protective immune responses in chickens: factors influencing efficacy. Virus Res. 2003, 98, 63-74.
• Liu M., Vakharia V. N.: Nonstructural protein of infectious bursal disease virus inhibits apoptosis at the early stage of virus infection. J. Virol. 2006, 80, 3369-3377.
• Liu Y., Wei Y., Wu X., Yu L.: Preparation of ChIL-2 and IBDV VP2 fusion protein by baculovirus expression system. Cell Mol. Immunol. 2005, 2, 231-235.
• Lombardo E., Maraver A., Espinosa I., Fernandez-Arias A., Rodriguez J. F.: VP5, the non-structural polypeptide of infectious bursal disease, accumulates within the host plasma membrane and induces cell lysis. Virology 2000, 277, 345-357.
• Loon A. A. van, de Hass N., Zeyda I., Mundt E.: Alternation of amino acids in VP2 of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus results in tissue culture adaptation and attenuation in chickens. J. Gen. Virol. 2002, 83, 121-129.
• Lupini C., Giovandardi D., Pesente P., Bonci M., Felice V., Rossi G., Morandini E., Cecchinato M., Catelli E.: A molecular epidemiology study based on VP2 gene sequences reveals that a new genotype of infectious bursal disease virus is dominantly prevalent in Italy. Avian Pathol. 2016, 45, 458-464.
• Luque D., Saugar I., Rejas M. T., Carrascosa J. L., Rodríguez J. F., Castón J. R.: Infectious bursal disease virus: ribonucleoprotein complexes of a double-stranded RNA virus. J. Mol. Biol. 2009, 386, 891-901.
• Mahmood M. S., Siddique M., Hussain I., Khan A., Mansoor M. K.: Protection capability of recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine containing VP2 gene of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus in chickens adjuvanted with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide. Vaccine 2006, 24, 4838-4846.
• Maity H. K., Dey S., Mohan C. M., Khulape S. A., Pathak D. C., Vakharia V. N.: Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine construct encoding the VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease and a truncated HSP70 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in chickens. Vaccine 2015, 33, 1033-1039.
• Martin A. M., Fallacara F., Barbieri I., Tosi G., Rivallan G., Eterradossi N., Ceruti R., Cordioli P.: Genetic and antigenic characterization of infectious bursal disease virus isolated in Italy during the period 2002-2005. Avian Dis. 2007, 51, 863-872.
• Mittal D., Naresh J., Gupta S., Kataria R., Singh K., Tiwari A. K.: Molecular characterization of Indian isolates of infectious bursal disease virus from broiler chickens. DNA Seq. 2006, 17, 431-439.
• Müller H., Mundt E., Eterradossi N., Islam M. R.: Current status of vaccines against infectious bursal disease. Avian Pathol. 2012, 41, 133-139.
• Müller H., Scholtissek C., Becht H.: The genome of infectious bursal disease virus consists of two segments of double-stranded RNA. J. Virol. 1979, 31, 584-589.
• Mundt E., Beyer J., Müller H.: Identification of a novel viral protein in infectious bursal disease virus-infected cells. J. Gen. Virol. 1995, 76, 437-443.
• Mundt E., Müller H.: Complete nucleotide sequences of 5’- and 3’-noncoding regions of both genome segments of different strains of infectious bursal disease virus. Virology 1995, 209, 10-18.
• Negash T., Gelave E., Petersen H., Grummer B., Rautenschlein S.: Molecular evidence of very virulent infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens in Ethiopia. Avian Dis. 2012, 56, 605-610.
• Negash T., Liman M., Rautenschlein S.: Mucosal application of cationic poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles as carriers of DNA vaccine and adjuvants to protect chickens against infectious bursal disease. Vaccine 2013, 31, 3656-3662.
• Noor M., Mahmud M. S., Ghose P. R., Roy U., Nooruzzaman M., Chowdhury E. H., Das P. M., Islam M. R., Muller H.: Further evidence for the association of distinct amino acid residues with in vitro and in vivo growth of infectious bursal disease virus. Arch. Virol. 2014, 159, 701-709.
• Nouen C. le, Rivallan G., Toquin D., Darlu P., Morin Y., Beven V., Boisseson C., Cazaban C., Comte S., Gardin Y., Eterradossi N.: Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus: reduced pathogenicity in a rare natural segment-B reasserted isolate. J. Gen. Virol. 2006, 87, 209-216.
• Nouen C. le, Toquin D., Muller H., Raue R., Kean K. M., Langlois P., Cherbonnel M., Eterradossi N.: Different domains of RNA polymerase of infectious bursal disease virus contribute to virulence. Plos One 2012, 7, e28064.
• Nurulfiza I., Hair-Bejo M., Omar A. R., Aini I.: Molecular characterization of recent infectious bursal disease virus isolates from Malaysia. Acta Virol. 2006, 50, 45-51.
• OIE: Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro disease) (Chapter 2.3.12), [w:] Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. 7th ed., 2016.
• Oña A., Luque D., Abaitua F., Maraver A., Castón J. R., Rodríguez J. F.: The C-terminal domain of the pVP2 precursor is essential for the interaction between VP2 and VP3, the capsid polypeptides of infectious bursal disease virus. Virology 2004, 322, 135-142.
• Palmqusit J. M., Kharti M., Cha R. M., Goddeeris B. M., Walcheck B., Sharma J. M.: In vivo activation of chicken macrophages by infectious bursal disease virus. Viral immunol. 2006, 19, 305-315.
• Pan J., Vakharia V. N., Tao Y. J.: The structure of a birnavirus polymerase reveals a distinct active site topology. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 2007, 104, 7385-7390.
• Parker D., de Wit S.: Assessment of impact of a novel infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccination programme in breeders on IBD humoral antibody levels through the laying period Vet. Rec. Open 2014, 25, 1.
• Pikuła A., Domańska-Blicharz K., Cepulis R., Śmietanka K.: Identification of infectious bursal disease virus with atypical VP2 amino acid profile in Latvia. J. Vet. Res. 2017, 61, 145-149.
• Pitcovski J., Gutter B., Gallili G., Goldway M., Perelman B., Gross G., Krispel S., Barbakov M., Michael A.: Development and large-scale use of recombinant VP2 vaccine for the prevention of infectious bursal disease of chickens. Vaccine 2003, 21, 4736-4743.
• Pradhan S. N., Prince P. R., Madhumathi J., Roy P., Narayanan R. B., Antony U.: Protective immune responses of recombinant VP2 subunit antigen of infectious bursal disease virus in chickens. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2012, 148, 293-301.
• Rashid M. H., Lou H., Akhter J., Islam M. T., Islam M. R., Rahman M. M., Cao Y., Xue C.: Protection effect of Vaxxitek HVT + IBD vaccine against infectious bursal disease in broiler chickens. Progress Agric. 2013, 24, 69-78.
• Raue R., Islam M. R., Islam M. N., Islam K. M., Badhy S. C., Das P. M., Müller H.: Reversion of molecularly engineered, partially attenuated, very virulent infectious bursal disease virus during infection of commercial chickens. Avian Pathol. 2004, 33, 181-189.
• Rauf A., Khatri M., Murgia M. V., Jung K., Saif Y. M.: Differential modulation of cytokine, chemokine and Toll like receptor expression in chickens infected with classical and variant infectious bursal disease virus. Vet. Res. 2011, 42, 85.
• Rauf A., Kharti M., Murgia M. V., Saif Y. M.: Expression of perforin-granzyme pathway genes in the bursa of infectious bursal disease virus-infected chickens. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 2011, 35, 620-627.
• Rautenschlein S., Kraemer C., Vanmarcke J., Montiel E.: Protective efficacy of intermediate and intermediate plus infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines against very virulent IBDV in commercial broilers. Avian Dis. 2005, 49, 231-237.
• Rautenschlein S., von Samson-Himmelstjerna G., Haase C.: A comparison of immune responses to infection with virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) between specific-pathogen-free chickens infected at 12 and 28 days of age. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2007, 115, 251-260.
• Rautenschlein S., Yeh H. Y., Sharma J. M.: The role of T cells in protection by an inactivated infectious bursal disease virus vaccine. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2002, 89, 159-167.
• Rauw F., Lambrecht B., van den Berg T.: Pivotal role of ChIFNgamma in the pathogenesis and immunosuppression of infectious bursal disease. Avian Pathol. 2007, 36, 367-374.
• Rong J., Jiang T., Cheng T., Shen M., Du Y., Li S., Wang S., Xu B., Fan G.: Large-scale manufacture and use of recombinant VP2 vaccine against infectious bursal disease in chickens. Vaccine 2007, 25, 7900-7908.
• Rosenberger J. K., Cloud S. S.: Isolation and characterization of variant infectious bursal disease viruses. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1986, 189, 357.
• Schnitzler D., Bernstein F., Müller H., Becht H.: The genetic basis for the antigenicity of the VP2 protein of the infectious bursal disease virus. J. Gen. Virol. 1993, 74, 1563-1571.
• Sharma J. M., Kim I. J., Rautenschlein S., Yeh H. Y.: Infectious bursal disease virus of chickens: pathogenesis and immunosuppression. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 2000, 24, 223-235.
• Silva F. M., Vidigal P. M., Myrrha L. W., Fietto J. L., Silva A. J., Almeida M. R.: Tracking the molecular epidemiology of Brazilian Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2013, 13, 18-26.
• Snyder D. B., Lana D. P., Savage P. K., Yancey F. S., Mengel S. A., Marquardt W. W.: Differentiation of infectious bursal disease viruses directly from infected tissues with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies: evidence of a major antigenic shift in recent field isolates. Avian Dis. 1988, 32, 535-539.
• Soubies S. M., Courtillon C., Briand F. X., Queguiner-Leroux M., Courtois D., Amelot M., Grousson K., Morillon P., Herin J. B., Eterradossi N.: Identification of a European interserotypic reassortant strain of infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Pathol. 2017, 46, 19-27.
• Su B. S., Chiu H. H., Lin C. C., Shien J. H., Yin H. S., Lee L. H.: Adjuvant activity of chicken interleukin-12 co-administrated with infectious bursal disease virus recombinant VP2 antigen in chickens. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2011, 139, 167-175.
• Taghavian O., Spiegl H., Hauck R., Hafez H. M., Fischer R., Schillberg S.: Protective oral vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus using the major viral antigenic protein VP2 produced in Pichia pastoris. PLos One 2013, 8, e83210.
• Vakharia V. N., He J., Ahamed B., Snyder D. B.: Molecular basis of antigenic variation in infectious bursal disease virus. Virus Res. 1994, 31, 265-273.
• Wang G., Xiong J., She R., Liu L., Zhang Y., LuoD., Li W., Hu Y., Wang Y., Zhang Q., Sun Q.: Mast cell mediated inflammatory response in chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2008, 124, 19-28.
• Wang H., Shan S., Wang S., Zhang H., Ma L., Huang H., Wei K., Zhu R.: Fused IgY Fc and Polysaccharide Adjuvant Enhanced the Immune Effect of the Recombinant VP2 and VP5 Subunits-A Prospect for Improvement of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Subunit Vaccine. Front Microbiol. 2017, 8, 2258.
• Wang Y. S., Fan H. J., Li Y., Shi Z. L., Pan Y., Lu C. P.: Development of a multi-mimotope peptide as a vaccine immunogen for infectious bursal disease virus. Vaccine 2007, 25, 4447-4455.
• Weber M. N., Streck A. F., Silveira S., Mósena A. C., Silva M. S., Canal C. W.: Homologous recombination in pestiviruses: identification of three putative novel events between different subtypes/genogroups. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2015, 30, 219-224.
• Wei Y., Li J., Zheng J., Xu H., Li L., Yu L.: Genetic reassortment of infectious bursal disease virus in nature. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2006, 350, 277-287.
• Wei Y., Yu X., Zheng J., Chu W., Xu H., Yu L.: Reassortant infectious bursal disease virus isolated in China. Virus Res. 2008, 131, 279-282.
• Withers D. R., Young J. R., Davison T. F.: Infectious bursal disease virus-induced immunosuppression in the chick is associated with the presence of undifferentiated follicles in the recovering bursa. Viral Immunol. 2005, 18, 127-137.
• Wu P. C., Su H. Y., Lee L. H., Lin D. T., Yen P. C., Liu H. J.: Secreted expression of the VP2 protein of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. J. Virol. Methods 2005, 123, 221-225.
• Yao K., Vakharia V. N.: Induction of apoptosis in vitro by the 17-kDa nonstructural protein of infectious bursal disease virus: possible role in viral pathogenesis. Virology 2001, 285, 50-58.
• Yeh H. Y., Rautenschlein S., Sharma J. M.: Protective immunity against infectious bursal disease virus in chickens in the absence of virus-specific antibodies. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2002, 89, 149-158.
• Yuwen Y., Gao Y., Gao H., Qi X., Liu W., Wang X.: Sequence analysis of the VP2 hypervariable region of eight very virulent infectious bursal disease virus isolates from northeast China. Avian Dis. 2008, 52, 284-290.
• Zhang H. H., Yang X. M., Xie Q. M., Ma J. Y., Luo Y. N., Cao Y. C., Chen F., Bi Y. Z.: The potent adjuvant effects of chicken beta-defensin-1 when genetically fused with infectious bursal disease virus VP2 gene. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2010, 136, 92-97.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.21521/mw.6138