The level of health education in the Polish population

• Autorzy: Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M. , Chudek J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background: The study assessed factors influencing awareness of Poles concerning lifestyle factors that affect development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: A questionnaire survey covering awareness of lifestyle factors performed by general practitioners in 37,557 unselected patients. Results: 96.1% of respondents believed that lifestyle has an impact on the occurrence of CVDs, especially: tobacco smoking (91.4%), excessive intake of fat (81.3%), alcohol (67.5%), salt (64.9%), and stress (64.9%). 79.0% respondents believed the smoking cessation, 77.5% weight loss and 66.8% healthy diet are most important to prevent diseases. Additionally, the belief in the need for an early weight reduction decreased with increasing BMI (82.9% with normal weight vs. 77.5% overweight and 70.4% obese). The most common source of health education was a physician (75.8%), the mass media, such as television and the press (62.0% and 64.8%, respectively), less often were educational materials (37.8%) and books (20.3 %), the Internet (3.8%) and radio (0.8%). Younger respondents presented a higher level of awareness about all analysed aspects of healthy lifestyle. The multiple regression analysis revealed that low education level and rural residence are the most important factors decreasing awareness of the lifestyle effect on health. Conclusions: 1. The level of knowledge about non-pharmacological methods of preventing lifestyle diseases in the Polish population is high except of the role of physical activity and daily vegetables consumption. This, however, has no impact on reducing the percentage of overweight and obese people and on increasing the tendency to pursue lifestyle changes. 2. Frustrating is the fact that more than one fifth of the study population is unaware that excessive weight reduction prevents development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the convince to early weight decreases with increasing BMI. 3. The highest level of the knowledge among younger subjects reflect improvement of health education in Polish population. 4. In addition to education performed by physician the main sources of patients knowledge are television and the press with the growing role of the Internet among younger. 5. Further health education programs are necessary, which should include not only activities that increase the level of health education and health awareness, but also aspects such as changes in beliefs, sense of self-efficacy and social support.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 20
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.559-565,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M.

• Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

autor

Chudek J.

• Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Hancock T. Lalonde and beyond: Looking back at “A new perspective on the health of Canadians”. Health Promot Int. 1982; 1(1): 93–100.
• 2. Manson JE, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, et al. Body weight and mortality among women. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333(11): 677–685.
• 3. Sullivan M, Karlsson J, Sjöström L, et al. Swedish obese subjects (SOS)- an intervention study of obesity. Baseline evaluation of health andpsychosocial functioning in the first 1743 subjects examined. Int J ObesRelat Metab Disord. 1993; 17(9): 503–512.
• 4. Makara-Studzińska M, Sidor K, Podstawka D, Gogacz M, Łoś E. Alcohol consumption patterns in a group of students at the Medical Universityin Lublin. JPCCR 2012; 6(1):45–49.
• 5. Biela U, Pająk A, Kaczmarczyk-Chałas K, et al. Incidence of overweight and obesity in women and men between the ages of 20–74. Results ofthe WOBASZ program. Kardiol Pol. 2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S632–635.
• 6. Wyrzykowski B, Zdrojewski T, Sygnowska E, et al. Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome in Poland. Results of the WOBASZ program.Kardiol Pol. 2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S641–644.
• 7. Tykarski A, Posadzy-Małaczyńska A, Wyrzykowski B, et al. Prevalence of hypertension and effectiveness of its treatment in adult residentsof our country, Results of the WOBASZ program. Kardiol Pol. 2005;63[Suppl. 4]: S614–619.
• 8. Pająk A, Wiercińska E, Polakowska M, et al. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in men and women between the ages of 20–74 in Poland. Results of the WOBASZ program. Kardiol Pol. 2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S620–625.
• 9. Polakowska M, Piotrowskin W, Tykarski A, et al. Addiction to tobacco smoking in the Polish population. Results of the WOBASZ program.Kardiol Pol. 2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S626–631.
• 10. Andreyeva T, Sturm R, Ringel JS. Moderate and severe obesity have large differences in health care costs. Obes Res. 2004; 12(12): 1936–1943.
• 11. Birmingham CL, Muller JL, Palepu A, Spinelli JJ, Anis AH. The cost of obesity in Canada. CMAJ. 1999; 160(4): 483–488.
• 12. Swinburn B, Ashton T, Gillespie J, et al. Health care costs of obesity in New Zealand. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997; 21(10): 891–896.
• 13. Wolf AM, Colditz GA. Current estimates of the economic cost of obesity in the United States. Obes Res. 1998; 6(2): 97–106.
• 14. Gidding SS, Lichtenstein AH, Faith MS, et al. Implementing American Heart Association Pediatric and Adult Nutrition Guidelines. A scientificstatement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committeeof the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, Counciln Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Arteriosclerosis,Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing,Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council for High BloodPressure Research. Circulation. 2009; 119(8): 1161–1175.
• 15. Zhu S, St-Onge MP, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB. Lifestyle behaviors associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome. Metabolism. 2004; 53(11): 1503–1511.
• 16. American Diabetes Association. Nutrition recommendations and interventions for diabetes: a position statement of the AmericanDiabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2007; 30[Suppl 1]: S48–65.
• 17. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO, Geneva 1998.
• 18. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/NationalHeart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation.2005; 112(17): 2735–2752.
• 19. Ostrowska A. [Health – oriented life style]. Prom Zdr Nauki Społ Med. 1997; 4: 10–11.
• 20. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion; Health Promotion. 1987; 1: 382–384.
• 21. The Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World Health Promotion International, Vol. 21 No. S1 # WHO (2007).Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. doi:10.1093/heapro/dal046.
• 22. Bielecki W, Kaczmarczyk-Chałas K, Piwońska A, et al. Awareness of guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention among the adult population in Poland. Results of the WOBASZ program. Kardiol Pol.2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S677–681.
• 23. Jackson EA, Krishnan S, Meccone N, Ockene IS, Rubenfire M. Perceived quality of care and lifestyle counseling among patients with heartdisease. Clin Cardiol. 2010; 33(12): 765–769.
• 24. Reusch A, Ströbl V, Ellgring H, Faller H. Effectiveness of small-group interactive education vs. lecture-based information-only programs onmotivation to change and lifestyle behaviours. A prospective controlledtrial of rehabilitation inpatients. Patient Educ Couns. 2011; 82(2):186–192.
• 25. Ołtarzewska AM, Sawicka-Powierza J, Rogowska-Szadkowska D, Chlabicz S, Marcinowicz L. Knowledge of patients from the ruralenvironment on the risk factors and prevention of cardiovasculardiseases. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2010; 28(165): 203–206.
• 26. Waśkiewicz A. [Quality of nutrition and level of health knowledge in young adult Polish population – the WOBASZ project]. Probl HigEpidemiol. 2010; 91(2): 233–237.
• 27. Ross CE, Mirowsky J. The interaction of personal and parental education on health. Soc Sci Med. 2011; 72(4): 591–599.
• 28. Trzpil L, Gutowska J, Lusawa A, et al. A comparison on a tobacco smoking frequency in the urban and rural areas of Poland. Preliminaryreport of Epidemiology of Allergic Disease in Poland study. Probl HigEpidemiol. 2007; 88[suppl. 3]: 67–69.
• 29. Kones R. Is prevention of fantasy, or the future of medicine? A panoramic view of recent data, status, and direction in cardiovascularprevention. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2011; 5: 61–81.
• 30. Drygas W, Kwaśniewska M, Szcześniewska D, et al. Evaluation of physical activity levels in the adult population of Poland. Results ofthe WOBASZ program. Kardiol Pol. 2005; 63[Suppl. 4]: S636–637.
• 31. Harton A, Myszkowska-Ryciak J. [Evaluation of the nutritional habits of female students at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences]. BromatChem Toksykol. 2009; 42: 610–614.
• 32. Oh EG, Bang SY, Hyun SS, Chu SH, Jeon JY, Kang MS. Knowledge, perception and health behavior about metabolic syndrome for an atrisk group in a rural community area. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi.2007; 37(5): 790–800.
• 33. Ilow R.[Evaluation of the nutritional habits of selected group of Lower Silesia population – students]. Żyw Człow Metab. 2007; 34(1–2): 653–658.
• 34. Charkiewicz WJ, Markiewicz R, Borowska MH. [Evaluation of the intake of basic nutrients in the diets of Medical University students inBiałystok]. Bromatol Chem Toksykol. 2008; 41: 735–739.
• 35. Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Holecki M, Kocełak P, et al. Are the obesity concomitant diseases factors increasing motivation for participationand continuation the complex group weight loss program? EndokrynolOtył Zab Przem Mat. 2009; 3(2): 171.
• 36. Hansen E, Landstad BJ, Hellzén O, Svebak S. Motivation for lifestyle changes to improve health in people with impaired glucose tolerance.Scan J Caring Sci. 2011; 25(3): 484–490.
• 37. Eriksson MK, Hagberg L, Lindholm L, Malmgren-Olsson EB, Osterlind J, Eliasson M. Quality of life and cost-effectiveness of a 3-year trial oflifestyle intervention in primary health care. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(16): 1470–1479.
• 38. Blokstra A, van Dis I, Verschuren WM. Efficacy of multifactorial lifestyle interventions in patients with established cardiovascular diseases and high risk groups. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs.2012;11:97–104.
• 39. Look AHEAD Research Group, Wing RR. Long-term effects of a lifestyle intervention on weight and cardiovascular risk factors inindividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: four-year results of the LookAHEAD trial. Arch Intern Med. 2010; 170(17): 1566–1575.
• 40. Nawathe AC, Glied SA, Weintraub WS, Mosca LJ. The effect of a cardiovascular educational intervention on healthcare utilization andcosts. Am J Manag Care. 2010; 16: 339–346.
• 41. Tones K, Tiford S. Health promotion: effectiveness, efficiency, equity. 3rd Edition Nelson Thornes, Cheltenham, 2001; 17–18.

Uwagi

rekord w opracowaniu