PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
2016 | 08 | 2 |

Tytuł artykułu

Correlations between psychomotor abilities and selected personality variables in rowers

Autorzy

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
Background: The purpose of this study was to present possibilities of using computer tests in the assessment of chosen cognitive skills and an analysis of correlations between the mentioned variables and the level of optimism, self-efficacy, coping strategies, anxiety and perceived stress in Polish national team rowers. Material and methods: The study involved 20 rowers. Cognitive abilities were measured with the following computer tests: the Reaction Test (RT) and the Determination Test (DT) taken from the Vienna Test System (VTS). The VTS has a wide range of psychometric tools to identify the level of athlete’s cognitive abilities as well as personality-related strengths and weaknesses. The rowers also completed the following questionnaires: the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), a measurement of the level of optimism, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10), the Coping Orientations to Problem Experienced (Mini – COPE), the General Self – Efficacy Scale (GSES) and the State – Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The study was conducted at the Physical and Exercise Laboratory of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport. Results: Analysis of the results revealed a number of significant correlations between selected cognitive abilities, such as 1) the reaction time to individual stimuli to simultaneous or sequentially presented stimulus combinations 2) reactive stress tolerance, attention and reaction speed in situations requiring continuous, swift and varying responses to rapidly changing visual and acoustic stimuli and the level of optimism, self-efficacy, different coping strategies, anxiety and perceived stress. Conclusions: The results of the study provide information on psychomotor abilities and characterize some aspects of rowers‘ personality. Further research should include a control group made of lower-level rowers and younger rowers. Future studies should also use selected tests from VTS as training tools.

Słowa kluczowe

Twórcy

  • Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland

Bibliografia

  • [1] Schuhfried G. Vienna Test System Sport. Moedling: Paul Gerin Druckerei, Wolkersdorf; 2013.
  • [2] Pervin LA, John OP. Osobowość. Teoria i badania [Personality. Theory and Research]. Kraków: Wydawnictwo UJ; 2002.
  • [3] Wilczyńska D, Krawczyński M. Samoocena ciała oraz wybrane cechy osobowości u kobiet uprawiających i nieuprawiających sportu [Self-evaluation of body and selectedpersonalitytraits in practicing and non practicingwomen]. In: Krawczyński M, ed. Psychologiczne konteksty aktywności fizycznej człowieka [Psychologicalcontexts of physicalactivity of man]. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo “Ateneum – SzkołaWyższa”; 2008, 157-170.
  • [4] Costa PTJr, McCrae RR. NEO-PI-R: Professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources, FL: Odessa; 1992.
  • [5] Kaiseler M. Investigating the interaction between the Big-Five and dispositional coping in sport. Conference paper; 2015.
  • [6] Allen MS, Laborde S. The role of personality in sport and physical activity. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2014;23(6):460-465.
  • [7] Binish K, Ahmed A. Profiling personality patterns of champions & working towards development of the “Success-Prone Athletes” Personality Index (SAPI) – A sport management perspective. Pakistan Journal of Statistics. 2014;30(6):1405-1420.
  • [8] Wojnarowska A, Krawczyński M. Osobowość i lęk u chodziarzy i judoków kadry narodowej [Personality and anxiety in race-walkers and judo players from the national team]. In: Mikołajczyk M. Korelaty psychologiczne aktywności ruchowej i sukcesów w sporcie. Z badań nad osobowością sportowców i studentów uczelni wychowania fizycznego [Psychological correlations of physical activity and sport success. Research on personality of athletes’ and students’ from Sport Universities]. Warszawa: AWF; 2004, 70-77.
  • [9] Krawczyński M. Osobowość, lęk i motywacja osiągnięć u zawodników I i II ligi piłki nożnej [Personality, anxiety and motivation in I & II league football players]. In: Mikołajczyk M, ed. Korelaty psychologiczne aktywności ruchowej i sukcesów w sporcie. Z badań nad osobowością sportowców i studentów uczelni wychowania fizycznego [Psychological correlations of physical activity and sport success. Research on personality of athletes’ and students’ from Sport Universities]. Warszawa: AWF; 2004, 57-64.
  • [10] Daniluk A, Litwiniuk A, Błach W. Wybrane cechy osobowości a poziom agresji zawodników kadry olimpijskiej judo [Selected personality traits and the level of aggression in the Olympic national team judo athletes]. In: Mikołajczyk M, ed. Korelaty psychologiczne aktywności ruchowej i sukcesów w sporcie. Z badań nad osobowością sportowców i studentów uczelni wychowania fizycznego [Psychological correlations of physical activity and sport success. Research on personality of athletes’ and students’ from Sport Universities]. Warszawa: AWF; 2004, 64-70.
  • [11] Botwina R. Osobowościowo-temperamentalne uwarunkowania sukcesów w zapasach juniorów i seniorów [Personality-temper conditions to succeedin junior and senior wrestling]. In: Mikołajczyk M, ed. Korelaty psychologiczne aktywności ruchowej i sukcesów w sporcie. Z badań nad osobowością sportowców i studentów uczelni wychowania fizycznego. [Psychological correlations of physical activity and sport success. Research on personality of athletes’ and students’ from Sport Universities]. Warszawa: AWF; 2004, 41-48.
  • [12] Seligman MEP. Optymizmu można się nauczyć. Jak zmienić swoje myślenie i swoje życie [Learned optimism. How to change your mind and your life]. Poznań: Media Rodzina; 1993, 114.
  • [13] Seligman MEP. Optymizmu można się nauczyć. Jak zmienić swoje myślenie i swoje życie. [Learned optimism. How to change your mind and your life]. 2nd ed. Poznań: Media Rodzina; 2010.
  • [14] Nicholls AR, Remco CJ,Polman RCI. Coping in sport: A systematic review. J. Sport Sci. 2007;25(1):11-31.
  • [15] Devenport T. Perceptions of the contribution of psychology to success in elite kickboxing. J Sport Sci Med, CSSI. 2008;99-107.
  • [16] Morales-Nergon H. Self-efficacy and state anxiety during mandatory combative training. Archives of Budo. 2006;4:26-31.
  • [17] Feltz DL, Short SE, Sullivan PJ. Self-efficacy in sport. Champaign, Ill. Human Kinetics; 2008.
  • [18] Besharat MA, Pourbohlool S. Moderating effect of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance. Psychology. Scientific Research.2011;2(7):760-765.
  • [19] Mowlaie M, Besharat MA, Pourbohlool S, Aziz L. The mediation effects of self-confidence and sport-efficacy on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with sport performance. Procedia – Social and behavioral Science. 2011;30:138-142.
  • [20] Juczyński Z, Ogińska-Bulik N. Narzędzia pomiaru stresu i radzenia sobie ze stresem [Stress measurement and coping tools]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych; 2009.
  • [21] Juczyński Z. Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji i psychologii zdrowia. [Measurement tools in health promotion and psychology]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych; 2001.
  • [22] Scheier M, Carver C, Bridges M. Optimism, pessimism and psychological well-being, In: Chang E, editor. Optimism and Pessimism: Theory, research and practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2000.
  • [23] Carr A. Psychologia pozytywna. Nauka o szczęściu i ludzkich siłach [Positive psychology. Science of happiness and human strengths]. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka; 2004.
  • [24] Berengüí R, Garcés EJ, Ruiz F, OrtíncFJ, Vega-Marcos R, López-Gullón JM. Optimism and burnout in competitive sport. Psychology. 2013;4(9):13-18.
  • [25] Polman R, Backhouse S, Levy A. Mental toughness, optimism, pessimism, and coping among athletes. Personality and individual differences. 2008;44(5):1182-1192.
  • [26] García-Naveiraa A, Ruiz-Barquin R, Ortínc FJ. Optimism and competiveness on the performance of young athletes. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicologia. 2015;47(2):124-135.
  • [27] Zagórska A, Guszkowska M. A program to support self-efficacy among athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sport. 2014;24(3):121-128.
  • [28] Mathai SM, Konattu PJ. Anxiety and self-efficacy as predictors of task orientation among athletes. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing. 2014;5(1):14-18.
  • [29] Stauder A, Semmelweis E. Characteristics of the Hungarian version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Mentalhigienees Psichoszomatika. 2006;7:203-216.
  • [30] Wrześniewski K, Sosnowski T, Jaworowska A, Fecenec D. Big Five-State and trait anxiety. Polish adaptation of STAI. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych; 2006.
  • [31] Hanin Y.L. Emotions in sport: An individualized approach. In: Spielberger CD, editor. Encyclopaedia of applied psychology. Vol. 1. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Academic Press; 2004, 739-750.
  • [32] Robazza C, Pellizzari M, Hanin Y. Emotion self-regulation and athletic performance: An application of the IZOF Model. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2004;5(4):379-404.
  • [33] Ruiz MC, Hanin YL. Metaphoric description and individualized emotion profiling of performance related states in high-level karate athletes. J Appl Sport Psychol. 2004;16(3):1-16.
  • [34] Robazza C. Emotion in sport: An IZOF perspective. In: Hanton S, Mellalieu SD, editors. Literature Reviews in Sport Psychology. Hauppage, N.Y.: Nova Science; 2006.
  • [35] Minouchi Y. Relationships between emotions and sport performance: Emotion control based on IZOF Model. Japan J Sport Psychol. 2006;33(1):15-26.
  • [36] Nicholls AR, Remco CJ, Polman RCI. Coping in sport: A systematic review. J Sport Sci. 2007;25(1):11-31.
  • [37] Hanin Y. Emotions in sport: Current issues and perspectives. In: Tenenbaum G, Eklund RC, editors. Handbook of sport psychology 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2007, 31-58.
  • [38] Hanin J, Hanina M. Optimization of performance in top-level athletes: An action-focused coping. Int J Sport Sci Coach. 2009;4(1):47-58.
  • [39] Spielberger CD, Reheiser EC. Assessment of emotions: anxiety, anger, depression, and curiosity. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-being. 2009;1(3):271-302.
  • [40] Hanin Y. From anxiety to performance-related emotions in top-level sport. Kalolkagathia. XLVIII. 2010;(2-3):59-76.
  • [41] Turosz MA, Sadowski J, Graczyk M. Zróżnicowanie i interkorelacje zdolności koordynacyjnych ze zmiennymi psychicznymi w okresie przygotowawczym i startowym Kadry Polski wioślarzy [Individual differences and interactions of coordination abilities and mental variables in preparatory and starting periods of Polish national team rowers]. Medycyna Sportowa. 2007;3(6):149-154.
  • [42] Terelak J. Individual differences in anxiety level and psychomotor performance. Personality and Individual differences. 1990;11(8):771-775.
  • [43] McCormick CM, Mathews IZHPA function in adolescence: role of sex hormones in its regulation and the enduring consequences of exposure to stressors. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. 2007;86:220-233.
  • [44] Rathee NK, Singh M. An investigation of emotional maturity among international, national, and state level players. Int J Sport Society. 2012;2:73-81.
  • [45] Nicholls AR, Levy AR, Perry JL. Emotional maturity, dispositional coping, and coping effectiveness among adolescent athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2015;17:32-39.
  • [46] Gaudreau P, Blondin JP. Development of a questionnaire for the assessment of coping strategies employed by athletes in competitive sport settings. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2002;3:1-34.
  • [47] Nicholls AR, Holt NL, Polman RCJ, Bloomfield J. Applied research stressors, coping and coping effectiveness among professional rugby players. Sport Psychologist. 2006;20(3), 314-329.
  • [48] Nicholls AR, Polman RCJ. Stressors, coping and coping effectiveness among players from the England under-18 rugby union team. J Sport Behavior. 2007;30:119-218.
  • [49] Mańkowska M, Poliszczuk T, Poliszczuk D, Johne M. Visual perception and its effect on re action time and time - movement anticipation in elite female basketball players. Pol J Sport Tourism. 2015;22:3-14.
  • [50] Johne M, Poliszczyk T, Poliszczuk D, Dąbrowska-Perzyna A. Asymmetry of complex reaction time in female epee fencers of different sport classes. movement anticipation in elite female basketball players. Pol J Sport Tourism. 2013;20:25-34.

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.agro-0797fe9e-3bdb-41a0-8429-7d51f66c6c78
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.